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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2020-2-172-180</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности идентификации сосудистой сети меланомы хориоидеи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities for Identifying the Malignant Vasculature of Choroidal Melanoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5573-5712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самкович</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samkovich</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">e.samkovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский филиал ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>172</fpage><lpage>180</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Самкович Е.В., Панова И.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Самкович Е.В., Панова И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Samkovich E.V., Panova I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1193">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1193</self-uri><abstract><p>Меланома хориоидеи является наиболее частым и опасным для жизни внутриглазным злокачественным новообразованием, поражающим сосудистую оболочку глаза примерно в 90 % случаев. Заболеваемость варьирует в диапазоне от 0,7 до 1,1 на 100 000 населения. Данная категория злокачественных новообразований отличается высокой агрессивностью в плане местного распространения, возникновения локорегионарных и отдаленных метастазов. По данным различных авторов, частота метастазирования достигает 50 %, риски метастатической болезни зависят от размеров опухоли, сроков наблюдения, клинико-морфологических характеристик меланомы хориоидеи и генетических факторов. В данной статье представлен детальный обзор литературы, посвященный изучению аспектов развития и динамики роста меланомы хориоидеи с точки зрения неоангиогенеза и феномена васкулогенной мимикрии, возможностям инструментальной диагностики для определения патологической сосудистой сети опухоли. Актуальность изучения данного вопроса определяется особенностями развития меланомы хориоидеи, которая может происходить, как de novo, так и вследствие злокачественной трансформации из невусных клеток, критической точкой для ее развития является толщина опухоли более 2 мм, при которой запускается процесс неоангиогенеза. В данном обзоре подробно представлена роль различных методов инструментальной диагностики, таких как ультразвуковое исследование с использованием режима цветового доплеровского картирования для определения кровоснабжения опухоли и характеристик ее кровотока, ангиография с применением контрастов: флуоресцеина и индоцианина зеленого и оптическая когерентная томография-ангиография для идентификации патологической сосудистой сети и оценки ангиоархитектоники опухоли. Показано, что в диагностике, особенно малых меланом хориоидеи, представляющих значительную диагностическую сложность, важен мультимодальный подход с использованием вышеуказанных методов исследования. Не вызывает сомнений тот факт, что данные инструментальные технологии, направленные на возможности идентификации сосудистой сети меланомы хориоидеи, не только играют большую роль в диагностике, но и представляют значительный практический интерес при планировании лечения, в оценке его эффективности, а также в прогнозировании рисков развития метастатического процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Choroidal melanoma is the most common and life-threatening intraocular malignant neoplasm affecting the eye choroid in about 90 % of cases. The incidence varies from 0.7 to 1.1 per 100,000 of the population. This category of malignant neoplasms is highly aggressive in terms of local distribution, the occurrence of loco-regional and distant metastases. According to various authors, the frequency of metastasis reaches up to 50 %, the risks of metastatic disease depend on the size of the tumor, the duration of observation, clinical and pathomorphological characteristics of the choroidal melanoma and genetic factors. This article provides a detailed literature review on the developmental aspects and growth dynamics of choroidal melanoma from the point of view of neoangiogenesis and the phenomenon of vasculogenic mimicry, and the possibilities of instrumental diagnostics for determining the malignant vasculature of a tumor. The relevance of studying this issue is determined by the peculiarities of the origin of choroidal melanoma, which can occur both de novo and due to malignant transformation from nevus cells and the critical point for it is a tumor thickness of more than 2 mm, at in which the the process of neoangiogenesis starts. This review details the role of various methods of instrumental diagnostics, such as doppler ultrasound imaging to determine the presence or absence of blood flow in the tumor and its blood flow characteristics, angiography using contrasts: fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherent tomography—angiography to identify the malignant vasculature and evaluation of tumor angioarchitectonics. It has been shown that in the diagnosis of especially small choroid melanomas, which are of significant diagnostic complexity, a multimodal approach using the above research methods is important. There is no doubt that these instrumental technologies aimed to identify the malignant vasculature of choroidal melanoma play a large role not only in diagnosis, but also are of considerable practical interest in planning treatment, in assessing its effectiveness, and also in predicting the risks of metastatic process development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома хориоидеи</kwd><kwd>увеальная меланома</kwd><kwd>неоангиогенез</kwd><kwd>васкулогенная мимикрия</kwd><kwd>индоцианин зеленая ангиография</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография-ангиография</kwd><kwd>офтальмоонкология</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая доплерография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>choroidal melanoma</kwd><kwd>uveal melanoma</kwd><kwd>neoangiogenesis</kwd><kwd>vasculogenous mimicry</kwd><kwd>indocyanine green angiography</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography—angiography</kwd><kwd>ophthalmic oncology</kwd><kwd>color doppler imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Важенин А.В., Панова И.Е. 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