ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2020-2-181-187ophthalmology-1194Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСовременные представления о воспалении и регенерации при проникающих ранениях роговицыFeatures of the Content of Cellular Messengers of Inflammation in Eye InjuriesСозураковаЕ. А.SozurakovaE. A.edel_86@mail.ruГромакинаЕ. В.GromakinaE. V.МозесВ. Г.MozesV. G.ГАУЗ «Кемеровская областная клиническая больница»РоссияKemerovo Regional Clinical HospitalRussian Federation202023062020172181187Copyright © Созуракова Е.А., Громакина Е.В., Мозес В.Г., 20202020Созуракова Е.А., Громакина Е.В., Мозес В.Г.Sozurakova E.A., Gromakina E.V., Mozes V.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1194

Травма органа зрения является одной из актуальных проблем современной офтальмологии. Среди всех подобных травм наибольшую значимость представляют проникающие ранения роговицы. Новые данные о течении воспаления при травме роговицы позволяют прогнозировать течение посттравматического периода и улучшать исходы лечения. Иммунная привилегия роговицы является уникальной системой защиты собственных тканей от повреждений, вызванных реакциями системного иммунитета, которая реализуется при помощи нескольких механизмов. Современные исследования показывают, что заживление при травме роговицы представляет собой сложный каскад клеточных реакций, понимание которого еще далеко от завершения. Описан регенераторный потенциал клеточных популяций роговицы при ее повреждении. Нарушение барьерных свойств при ранениях роговицы лишает орган зрения иммунной привилегированности. Это инициирует запуск пулов мессенджеров ангиогенеза, ремоделирования и воспаления. Кроме изучения взаимодействия клеточных мессенджеров при травме и воспалении роговицы большое внимание исследователи уделяют клеточным реакциям. Рекрутирование иммунных клеток при травме роговицы опосредуется провоспалительными цитокинами, высвобождаемыми при повреждении из эпителиальных клеток и кератоцитов.

Eye injury is one of the actual problems in modern ophthalmology. Penetrating wounds of the cornea are the most significant among all eye injuries. New data on the course of inflammation in corneal injury will allow us to predict the course of the post-traumatic period and improve treatment outcomes. The corneal immune privilege is a unique system of protecting one’s own tissues from damage caused by systemic immunity reactions, which is realized through several mechanisms. Modern research shows that healing from corneal injury is a complex cascade of cellular reactions, the understanding of which is still far from consummation. It was described the regenerative potential of cell populations of the cornea when it was damaged. Contravention of barrier properties in injuries of the cornea deprives the organ of vision of immune privilege. This violation initiates the launch of the messenger pools of angiogenesis, remodeling and inflammation. Besides studying the interaction of cellular messengers in cornea trauma and inflammation, researchers pay great attention to cellular reactions. Recruitment of immune cells during corneal injury is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines released during damage from epithelial cells and keratocytes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.