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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2020-3-465-472</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1289</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОКТ-ангиография в диагностике начальной меланомы и невусов хориоидеи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>OCT-Angiography in Early Choroidal Melanoma and Choroidal Nevi</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии,</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, head of ocular oncology and radiology department,</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякошина</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakoshina</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии, врач отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии,</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher of ocular oncology and radiology department,</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myakoshina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлгатян</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlgatyan</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии,</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate of ocular oncology and radiology department,</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склярова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии, врач отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии,</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher of ocular oncology and radiology department,</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>465</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саакян С.В., Мякошина Е.Б., Хлгатян М.Р., Склярова Н.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саакян С.В., Мякошина Е.Б., Хлгатян М.Р., Склярова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saakyan S.V., Myakoshina E.B., Khlgatyan M.R., Sklyarova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1289">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1289</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить особенности ангиоархитектоники начальной меланомы и невусов хориоидеи с помощью ОКТ-ангиографии (ОКТА).</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Обследовано 128 пациентов с начальными новообразованиями хориоидеи: 41 — с меланомой (1-я группа), 42 — с прогрессирующим (2-я группа) и 45 — со стационарным (3-я группа) невусом. Всем больным проводили общеофтальмологические обследования и с использованием специальных инструментальных методов диагностики (ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ), флюоресцентная ангиография (ФАГ), спектральная оптическая когерентная томография (СОКТ), ОКТА)).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ОКТА у всех больных с начальной меланомой хориоидеи выявила неоваскулярную сеть под ретинальным пигментным эпителием. Диагностировали петлевидный, коленчато-извитой с неравномерным просветом гетерогенный характер сосудистой сети с многочисленными изгибами и переплетениями, расположенный под сосудами сетчатки. Ограничивающую аваскулярную зону, соответствующую склону опухоли, определили в 19 (46,3 %) из 41 случая. По периферии опухоли нашли ободок расширенных гиперрефлективных хориокапилляров. При прогрессирующем невусе хориоидеи у 39 (92,9 %) из 42 больных определили гиперрефлективные гомогенные расширенные хориокапилляры в зоне фокуса более яркого свечения по сравнению с окружающими хориокапиллярами. Аваскулярную зону в центре невуса с окружающими расширенными гиперрефлективными хориокапиллярами выявили в 3 (7,1 %) из 42 случаев. При стационарном невусе хориоидеи у всех 45 больных диагностировали гомогенные изорефлективные хориокапилляры, сходные по яркости свечения с окружающими сосудами.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, комплекс клинико-инструментальных методов, включающих ОКТА, дает возможность установить диагноз злокачественной опухоли сосудистой оболочки на ранних стадиях. При этом ОКТА позволяет визуализировать сосудистую сеть на уровне хориоидеи при начальной меланоме хориоидеи в 100 % случаев; отличить новообразованные опухолевые сосуды от хориокапилляров при начальной меланоме хориоидеи; предоставляет возможность установить верный диагноз и оказать своевременную помощь больным с доброкачественными и злокачественными опухолями хориоидеи. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: To study the features of small choroidal melanoma and choroidal nevi angioarchitectonics using the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. We examined 128 patients with small choroidal neoplasms: 41 — with small choroidal melanoma (group 1), 42 — with suspicious nevi (group 2) and 45 — with benign nevi (group 3). All patients underwent general ophthalmic examinations and special instrumental diagnostic methods (ultrasound examination (US), fluorescence angiography (FA), spectral optical coherence tomography (SOCT), OCTA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. OCTA in all patients with small choroidal melanoma showed neovascular network under retinal pigment epithelium. We found a looped, cranked-twisted, heterogeneous vascular network with uneven clearance and with numerous bends and weaves, located under the vessels of retina. The limiting avascular zone corresponding to the tumor slope was determined in 19 (46.3 %) of 41 cases. There was a rim of dilated hyperreflective choriocapillaries on the periphery of the tumor. We identified hyperreflective homogeneous enlarged choriocapillaries in the focus area with a brighter glow than the surrounding choriocapillaries in 39 (92.9 %) of 42 patients with suspicious choroidal nevus. We detected an avascular zone with surrounding extended hyperreflective choriocapillaries in the center of the nevus in 3 (7.1 %) of 42 cases. We diagnosed homogeneous isoreflective choriocapillaries similar in brightness to the surrounding vessels in all 45 patients with benign nevi.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Thus, the complex of clinical and instrumental methods, including OCTA, makes it possible to establish the diagnosis of malignant tumor of the choroid in early stages. At the same time, OCTA: 1) allows to visualize of the tumor vessels in the choroidal layer in 100 % of cases of in small choroidal melanoma; 2) makes it possible to distinguish the newly formed tumor vessels from the choriocapillaries in case of small choroidal melanoma; 3) provides an opportunity to establish the correct diagnosis and provide timely assistance to patients with benign and malignant choroidal tumors. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ОКТ-ангиография</kwd><kwd>начальная меланома хориоидеи</kwd><kwd>невус хориоидеи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>OCT-angiography</kwd><kwd>small choroidal melanoma</kwd><kwd>choroidal nevi</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arun D., Singh A.D., Topham A. Incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973–1997. Ophthalmology. 2003;110(5):956–961. 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