<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2020-4-733-738</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1366</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPHTHALMOSURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Усовершенствованная фемтолазерная факоэмульсификация катаракты с плотным ядром</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Improved Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Phacoemulsification of Hard Nucleus Cataract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсеф</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yousef</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, врио директора,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, acting director,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронин</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronin</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, head of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсеф</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yousef</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior researcher of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Введенский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vvedenskiy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела современных ме‑ тодов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, senior researcher of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алхарки</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alkharki</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школяренко</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolyarenko</surname><given-names>N. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior researcher of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Резникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reznikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher of the modern treatment methods in ophthalmology department,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, В, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>733</fpage><lpage>738</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юсеф Ю.Н., Воронин Г.В., Юсеф С.Н., Введенский А.С., Алхарки Л., Школяренко Н.Ю., Резникова Е.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юсеф Ю.Н., Воронин Г.В., Юсеф С.Н., Введенский А.С., Алхарки Л., Школяренко Н.Ю., Резникова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yousef Y.N., Voronin G.V., Yousef S.N., Vvedenskiy A.S., Alkharki L., Shkolyarenko N.Y., Reznikova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1366">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1366</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: разработка и клиническое изучение усовершенствованной технологии фемтолазерной факоэмульсификации (ФЭ) катаракты с плотным ядром.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Усовершенствованная фемтолазерная ФЭ катаракты с плотным ядром выполнена у 83 больных (93 глаза) (1-я группа), фемтолазерная ФЭ по известной методике, рекомендованной производителем, проведена у 72-х пациентов (78 глаз) (2-я группа), торсионная ФЭ — у 81 пациента (89 глаз) (3-я группа). Во всех группах оценивали степень интраоперационного миоза, эффективное время ультразвука, потерю клеток эндотелия роговицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Фемтолазерная ФЭ является эффективной методикой удаления катаракты с плотным ядром, которая позволяет значительно снизить энергетическую ультразвуковую нагрузку на ткани глаза. Предложенная методика инстилляций ингибиторов синтеза простагландинов и соблюдение минимального по возможности интервала между первым и вторым этапом вмешательства позволяют предупредить существенное интраоперационное сужение зрачка. Выраженное сужение зрачка (более чем на 2 мм) после фемтолазерного этапа отмечено в 7 (7,5 %) случаях в 1-й группе больных, в 15 (16,9 %) случаях во 2-й группе, в 5 случаях (6,4 %) в 3-й группе. Результаты исследования показали значительное уменьшение эффективного времени ультразвука при фемтолазерной ФЭ по сравнению с торсионной ФЭ. Эффективное время ультразвука было в 1-й группе (усовершенствованная технология фемтолазерной ФЭ) — 3,81 ± 0,75 с, во 2-й группе (известная технология фемтолазерной ФЭ) — 5,23 ± 1,07 с (р &lt; 0,05), в 3-й группе (технология OZil) — 8,67 ± 1,83 с (р &lt; 0,05). Уменьшение эффективного времени ультразвука стало определяющим фактором в снижении потери клеток эндотелия роговицы при обеих технологиях фемтолазерной ФЭ по сравнению с торсионной ФЭ. Средняя потеря клеток эндотелия роговицы через 3 месяца после операции составила 8,7 ± 1,8 % в 1-й группе, 10,3 ± 2,1 % во 2-й группе, 13,5 ± 2,7 % (р &lt; 0,05) в 3-й группе пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение предложенной усовершенствованной технологии способствует решению ряда проблем, характерных для ФЭ с применением фемтосекундного лазера, а также обеспечивает возможность уменьшения эффективного времени ультразвука и потери клеток эндотелия роговицы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: The development and clinical study of improved femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification (PE) technology of hard nucleus cataract.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. Improved femtosecond laser-assisted PE of hard nucleus cataract performed in 83 patients (93 eyes) (1st group), known femtosecond laser-assisted PE technique performed in 72 patients (78 eyes) (2nd group), torsional PE performed in 81 patients (89 eyes) (3rd group). The degree of intraoperative myosis, effective ultrasound time, corneal endothelial cell loss were evaluated in all groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Femtosecond laser-assisted PE is an effective technique for hard nucleus cataract removal, which can significantly reduce the energy ultrasonic load on the eye tissue. The proposed method for the instillation of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors and the observance of the minimum possible interval between the first and second stages of the operation can prevent significant intraoperative narrowing of the pupil. A significant narrowing of the pupil by more than 2 mm after the femtolaser stage was noted in 7 (7.5 %) cases in the 1st group of patients, in 15 (16.9 %) cases in the 2nd group, in 5 (6.4 %) cases in the 3rd group. The results of the study has shown a significant decrease in the effective ultrasound time for a femtosecond laser-assisted PE compared with a torsional PE. The effective ultrasound time was in the 1st group (improved technology of femtosecond laser-assisted PE) — 3.81 ± 0.75, in the 2nd group (known technology of the femtosecond laser-assisted PE) — 5.23 ± 1.07 s (p &lt; 0.05), in the 3rd group (OZil technology) — 8.67 ± 1.83 s (p &lt; 0.05). The decrease in the effective ultrasound time has become a determining factor in reducing the loss of corneal endothelial cells in both femtosecond laser-assisted PE technologies compared to torsional PE. The average loss of corneal endothelial cells 3 months after surgery was 8.7 ± 1.8 % in the 1st group, 10.3 ± 2.1% in the 2nd group, 13.5 ± 2.7 % (p &lt; 0.05) in the 3rd group of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed improved technology contributes to the solution of some problems that characterize femtosecond laser-assisted PE, and also helps to reduce the effective ultrasound time and the loss of corneal endothelial cells. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>катаракта</kwd><kwd>факоэмульсификация</kwd><kwd>фемтосекундный лазер</kwd><kwd>капсулорексис</kwd><kwd>фрагментация ядра</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cataract</kwd><kwd>phacoemulsification</kwd><kwd>femtosecond laser</kwd><kwd>capsulorhexis</kwd><kwd>nucleus fragmentation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy Z., Takacs A., Filkorn T., Sarayba M. Initial clinical evaluation of an intraocular femtosecond laser in cataract surgery. J. Refract. Surg. 2009;25(12):1053–1060. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20091117-04</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy Z., Takacs A., Filkorn T., Sarayba M. Initial clinical evaluation of an intraocular femtosecond laser in cataract surgery. J. Refract. Surg. 2009;25(12):1053–1060. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20091117-04</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова С.Ю., Анисимов С.И., Трубилин В.Н., Новак И.В. Факоэмульсификация катаракты с фемтолазерным сопровождением. Первый отечественный опыт. Катарактальная и рефракционная хирургия. 2012;3:7–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anisimova S.Yu., Anisimov S.I., Trubilin V.N., Novak I.V. Femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification. The first domestic experience. Cataractal and Refractive Surgery  = Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2012;12(3):7–10 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аветисов С.Э., Мамиконян В.Р., Юсеф Ю.Н., Юсеф С.Н., Иванов М.Н., Аветисов К.С. Гибридная факоэмульсификация: новый этап в совершенствовании хирургии катаракты. Вестник офтальмологии. 2014;130(2):4–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avetisov S., Mamikonyan V., Yusef Y., Yusef S., Ivanov M., Avetisov K. Hybrid phacoemulsification: a new stage in the improvement of cataract surgery. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2014;130(2):4–7 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy Z., Takacs A., Filkorn T., Kránitz K., Gyenes A., Juhász É., Sándor G., Kovacs I., Juhász T., Slade S. Complications of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2014;40(1):20–28. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.08.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy Z., Takacs A., Filkorn T., Kránitz K., Gyenes A., Juhász É., Sándor G., Kovacs I., Juhász T., Slade S. Complications of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2014;40(1):20–28. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.08.046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy Z., Kránitz K., Takacs A., Miháltz K., Kovács I., Knorz M. Comparison of intraocular lens decentration parameters after femtosecond and manual capsulotomies. J. Refract. Surg. 2011;27(8):564–569. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20110607-01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy Z., Kránitz K., Takacs A., Miháltz K., Kovács I., Knorz M. Comparison of intraocular lens decentration parameters after femtosecond and manual capsulotomies. J. Refract. Surg. 2011;27(8):564–569. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20110607-01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова С.Ю., Трубилин В.Н., Трубилин А.В., Анисимов С.И. Сравнение механического и фемтосекундного капсулорексиса при факоэмульсификации катаракты. Катарактальная и рефракционная хирургия. 2012;12(4):16–18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anisimova S,Yu., Trubikin V.N., Trubilin A.V., Anisimov S.I. Compare mechanical and femtosecond capsulorhexis in phacoemulsification. Cataractal and Refractive Surgery = Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2012;12(4):16–18 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аветисов К.С., Иванов М.Н., Юсеф Ю.Н., Юсеф С.Н., Асламазова А.Э., Фокина Н.Д. Морфологические и клинические аспекты передней капсулотомии в факохирургии с применением фемтосекундного лазера. Вестник офтальмологии. 2017;133(4):83–88. DOI: 10.17116/ophthalma2017133483-88</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avetisov K.S., Ivanov M.N., Yusef Yu.N., Yusef S.N., Aslamazova A.E., Fokina N.D. Morphological and clinical aspects of anterior capsulotomy in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Annals of Ophthalmology  = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2017;133(4):83–88 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/ophthalma2017133483-88</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen X., Yu Y., Song X., Zhu Y., Wang W., Yao K. Clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery for hard nuclear cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2017;43(4):486–491. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2017.01.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen X., Yu Y., Song X., Zhu Y., Wang W., Yao K. Clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery for hard nuclear cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2017;43(4):486–491. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2017.01.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dick H.B., Schultz T. A Review of Laser-Assisted Versus Traditional Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery. Ophthalmol Ther. 2017;6:7–18. DOI: 10.1007/s40123-0170080-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dick H.B., Schultz T. A Review of Laser-Assisted Versus Traditional Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery. Ophthalmol Ther. 2017;6:7–18. DOI: 10.1007/s40123-0170080-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bascaran L., Alberdi T., Martinez-Soroa I., Sarasqueta C., Mendicute J. Differences in energy and corneal endothelium between femtosecond laser-assisted and conventional cataractsurgeries: prospective, intraindividual, randomized controlled trial. Int J Ophthalmol. 2018;11(8):1308–1316. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.08.10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bascaran L., Alberdi T., Martinez-Soroa I., Sarasqueta C., Mendicute J. Differences in energy and corneal endothelium between femtosecond laser-assisted and conventional cataractsurgeries: prospective, intraindividual, randomized controlled trial. Int J Ophthalmol. 2018;11(8):1308–1316. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.08.10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jun J., Hwang K., Chang S., Joo C. Pupil-size alterations induced by photodisruption during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2015;41(2):278–285. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.10.027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jun J., Hwang K., Chang S., Joo C. Pupil-size alterations induced by photodisruption during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2015;41(2):278–285. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.10.027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schultz T., Joachim S., Stellbogen M., Dick H. Prostaglandin release during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: main inducer. J. Refract. Surg. 2015;31(2):78– 81. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20150122-01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schultz T., Joachim S., Stellbogen M., Dick H. Prostaglandin release during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: main inducer. J. Refract. Surg. 2015;31(2):78– 81. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20150122-01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mayer W.J., Klaproth O.K., Ostovic M., Hengerer F.H., Kohnen T. Femtosecond laser-assisted lens surgery depending on interface design and laser pulse energy: results of the first 200 cases. Ophthalmologe. 2014;111(12):1172–1177. DOI: 10.1007/s00347-014-3043-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayer W.J., Klaproth O.K., Ostovic M., Hengerer F.H., Kohnen T. Femtosecond laser-assisted lens surgery depending on interface design and laser pulse energy: results of the first 200 cases. Ophthalmologe. 2014;111(12):1172–1177. DOI: 10.1007/s00347-014-3043-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toto L., Calienno R., Curcio C., Mattei P., Mastropasqua A., Lanzini M., Mastropasqua L. Induced inflammation and apoptosis in femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomies and manual capsulorhexes: an immunohistochemical study. J. Refract. Surg. 2015;31(5):290–294. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20150423-01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toto L., Calienno R., Curcio C., Mattei P., Mastropasqua A., Lanzini M., Mastropasqua L. Induced inflammation and apoptosis in femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomies and manual capsulorhexes: an immunohistochemical study. J. Refract. Surg. 2015;31(5):290–294. DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20150423-01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aly M.G., Shams A., Fouad Y.A., Hamza I. Effect of lens thickness and nuclear density on the amount of laser fragmentation energy delivered during femtosecond assisted cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45(4):485–489. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.11.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aly M.G., Shams A., Fouad Y.A., Hamza I. Effect of lens thickness and nuclear density on the amount of laser fragmentation energy delivered during femtosecond assisted cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45(4):485–489. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.11.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Masuda Y., Igarashi T., Oki K., Kobayashi M., Takahashi H., Nakano T. Free radical production by femtosecond laser lens irradiation in porcine eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45(8):1168–1171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2019.02.035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Masuda Y., Igarashi T., Oki K., Kobayashi M., Takahashi H., Nakano T. Free radical production by femtosecond laser lens irradiation in porcine eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45(8):1168–1171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2019.02.035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
