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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-2-181-187</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1529</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на офтальмологическую практику. Исторические аспекты и клинические примеры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmic Practice. Historical Aspects and Clinical Examples</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубилин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubilin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой офтальмологии,</p><p>Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125371, </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>МD, Professor, head of the of Ophthalmology department,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371, Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8551-0661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полунина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluninа</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии,</p><p>Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125371, ул. Гамалеи 15, Москва, 123098; ул. Красная Пресня, 16, Москва 123242</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371,Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098;</p><p>Krasnaya Presnya str., 16, Moscow 123242</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lpolunina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куренков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurenkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель Клиники,</p><p>Рублевское шоссе, 48/1, Москва, 121609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>МD, Professor, chief of Clinic of Dr. Kurenkov,</p><p>Rublevskoe highway, 48, Moscow, 121609</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анджелова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andzhelova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p> ул. Россолимо 11а, б, 119021, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Senior Research Officer,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казарян</surname><given-names>Э. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazaryan</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Россолимо 11а, б, 119021, Москва,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, senior research officer,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом микрохирургии и функциональной реабилитации глаза у детей,</p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, head of the Department of microsurgery and functional rehabilitation of children’s eye,</p><p>Beskudnikovsky Blvd, 59A, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиненова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinenova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог,</p><p>Рублевское шоссе, 48/1, Москва, 121609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, ophthalmologist,</p><p>Rublevskoe highway, 48, Moscow, 121609</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстигнеева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstigneeva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог,</p><p>Рублевское шоссе, 48/1, Москва, 121609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, ophthalmologist,</p><p>Rublevskoe highway, 48, Moscow, 121609</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФБГУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of postgraduate education under FSBU FSCC of FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФБГУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России&#13;
МЕДСИ Premium</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of postgraduate education under FSBU FSCC of FMBA of Russia; &#13;
MEDSI Premium</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологическая клиника доктора Куренкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ophthalmology Clinic of Dr. Kurenkov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>181</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трубилин В.Н., Полунина Е.Г., Куренков В.В., Анджелова Д.В., Казарян Э.Э., Маркова Е.Ю., Чиненова К.В., Евстигнеева Ю.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трубилин В.Н., Полунина Е.Г., Куренков В.В., Анджелова Д.В., Казарян Э.Э., Маркова Е.Ю., Чиненова К.В., Евстигнеева Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trubilin V.N., Poluninа E.G., Kurenkov V.V., Andzhelova D.V., Kazaryan E.E., Markova E.Y., Chinenova K.V., Evstigneeva Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1529">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1529</self-uri><abstract><p>В этой статье представлены данные по клиническим офтальмологическим проявлениям COVID-19, описанные в литературе, клинические примеры, с которыми мы встретились в условиях пандемии COVID-19, включая ранние и поздние проявления, а также ссылки на исследования, проведенные десятки лет назад и направленные на изучение влияния коронавирусной инфекции на орган зрения. Бóльшая часть исследований, проведенных в области изучения влияния COVID-19 на орган зрения, свидетельствует о том, что наиболее распространенным офтальмологическим проявлением данного заболевания является конъюнктивит, который встречается в 3–10 % случаев. Наши наблюдения показали, что пациенты, переболевшие COVID-19, при обращении на прием к офтальмологу через 1–3 месяца предъявляют жалобы на ощущение сухости, дискомфорт в глазах, зуд и покраснение век, которые возникли сразу после перенесенного заболевания и сохранялись в течение вышеуказанных сроков. Это явление можно объяснить тем, что любой воспалительный процесс, протекающий на глазной поверхности, нарушает процесс слезообразования и приводит к возникновению синдрома сухого глаза. Необходимо обращать пристальное внимание на жалобы со стороны органа зрения не только у пациентов с COVID-19 на ранних стадиях заболевания, но и в ближайшие месяцы после купирования острого патологического процесса. Как показали исследования, коронавирус может вовлекать в патологический процесс задний отрезок глаза, так как данный вирус обладает ретинотропным действием. Подтверждением данной гипотезы могут служить сообщения нескольких авторов, которые изучали при помощи оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) состояние сетчатки через 11–33 дня после появления симптомов у пациентов с COVID-19. Данные ОКТ свидетельствуют о наличии гиперрефлексивных зон на уровне слоя ганглиозных клеток и плексиформного слоя, причем выраженность этих зон была больше в области папилломакулярного пучка. Кроме того, описаны случаи возникновения тромбоэмболических осложнений, затрагивающих сосудистую систему глаза. Учитывая тот факт, что при развитии тромбоэмболии центральной артерии и вены сетчатки терапия максимально эффективна в первые часы от начала развития данного патологического процесса, следует уделять пристальное внимание жалобам пациентов на ухудшение зрения, возникшее на фоне коронавирусной инфекции. Данные, представленные в этой статье, открывают целый спектр возможностей для проведения новых научных исследований, которые помогут максимально эффективно сохранять зрение и здоровье наших пациентов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presents data on clinical ophthalmological manifestations of COVID-19 described in the literature, clinical examples that we met in pandemic conditions, COVID-19 including early and late manifestations, as well as references to studies conducted decades ago and aimed to evaluate the effects of coronavirus infection on the visual organ. The purpose of the most studies was to study the effect of COVID-19 on the visual organ indicate that the most common ophthalmological manifestation of this disease is conjunctivitis, which occurs in 3–10 % of cases. Our observations showed that patients with COVID-19, when applying for an appointment with an ophthalmologist after 1–3 months, make complaints about the feeling of dryness, discomfort in the eyes, itching and redness of the eyelids. These complains arose immediately after the illness and persisted during the above terms. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that any inflammatory process occurring on the eye surface disrupts the process of lacrimation and leads to the emergence of dry eye syndrome. It is necessary to pay close attention to complaints from the visual organ not only in patients with COVID-19 in the early stages of the disease, but also in the coming months after stopping the acute pathological process. As studies have shown, coronavirus can involve the posterior segment of the eye in the pathological process, since this virus has a retinotropic effect. This hypothesis can be confirmed by the reports of several authors who studied with optical coherence tomography (OCT) the state of the retina 11–33 days after the onset of symptoms in patients with COVID-19. OCT data indicate the presence of hyperreflexive zones at the level of the ganglion cell layer and the plexiform layer, the severity of these zones being greater in the papillomacular bundle region. In addition, cases of thromboembolic complications affecting the vascular system of the eye are described. Considering the fact that in the development of thromboembolism of the central artery and retinal vein, therapy is as effective as possible in the first hours from the beginning of this pathological process development, close attention should be paid to patients’ complaints to visual impairment occurred against the background of coronavirus infection. The data presented in this article open up a range of possibilities for conducting new scientific research that will help to preserve the vision and health of our patients as effectively as possible. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>глаза</kwd><kwd>офтальмология</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>конъюнктивит</kwd><kwd>тромбоз</kwd><kwd>сетчатка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>eyes</kwd><kwd>ophthalmology</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>conjunctivitis</kwd><kwd>thrombosis</kwd><kwd>retina</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zylberman P. 1918 lurks in everybody’s mind. The “Spanish” flu and us. Med Sci (Paris). 2006 Aug-Sep;22(8–9):767–770. DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20062289767</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zylberman P. 1918 lurks in everybody’s mind. The “Spanish” flu and us. 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