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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-2-317-324</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1548</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Защитный эффект парааминобензойной кислоты при гипоксия-индуцированном апоптозе клеток конъюнктивы и роговицы in vivo</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Protective Effect of Para-Aminobenzoic Acid in HypoxiaInduced Apoptosis of Conjunctiva and Cornea Cells in vivo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябцева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabtseva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заслуженный врач России, доктор медицинских наук, профессор,</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Honored Doctor of Russia, MD, Professor,</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryabtseva1953@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акберова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akberova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук. офтальмолог,</p><p>Каширское шоссе, 74, корп. 1, Москва, 115409</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Оphthalmologist,</p><p>Kashirskoye highway, 74/1, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Али-заде</surname><given-names>Г. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali-zade</surname><given-names>G. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник офтальмологического отделения отдела «Голова и шея»,</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Assistant at the Ophthalmology Department of the Head and Neck Department,</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаев</surname><given-names>Х. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babayev</surname><given-names>H. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией,</p><p>ул. Шариф-заде, 2, Баку, AZ1100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>the chief researcher, head of the laboratory,</p><p>Sharif-zadeh str., 2, Baku, AZ1100</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркитантова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markitantova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией проблем  регенерации,</p><p>ул. Вавилова, 26, Москва, 119334</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Biol. Sciences, Chief Researcher, Head of the Regeneration Problems Laboratory,</p><p>Vavilova str., 26, Moscow, 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр «Медквадрат»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medkvadrat Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии им. А.И. Караева НАН Азербайджана</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Karaeva Institute of Physiology of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологии развития им. Н.К. Кольцова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>317</fpage><lpage>324</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рябцева А.А., Акберова С.И., Али-заде Г.Х., Бабаев Х.Ф., Маркитантова Ю.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябцева А.А., Акберова С.И., Али-заде Г.Х., Бабаев Х.Ф., Маркитантова Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabtseva A.A., Akberova S.I., Ali-zade G.K., Babayev H.F., Markitantova Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1548">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1548</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение действия острой гипоксической гипоксии на клетки тканей глаза у взрослых крыс и определение эффективности применения 0,007 % раствора парааминобензойной кислоты (ПАБК) при апоптотическом повреждении тканей глазной поверхности у крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В эксперименте было использовано 27 самцов крыс линии Wistar (54 глаза), разделенных на 5 групп: I группа — интактный контроль, II группа — гипоксический контроль через 1 час, III группа — гипоксический контроль через 3 часа, IV группа — введение препарата через 1 час после гипоксии, V группа — введение препарата за 24 часа до гипоксии. Идентификацию апоптотических клеток в тканях глаза проводили методом TUNEL на замороженных срезах глаза с дополнительным окрашиванием ядерным флуоресцентным красителем Hoechst 33342. Локализацию и интенсивность флуоресцентного свечения в поврежденных клетках анализировали под флуоресцентным микроскопом с использованием компьютерной программы Image J.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В условиях моделируемой острой гипоксической гипоксии наблюдалось апоптотическое поражение конъюнктивы, эпителия роговицы, хориоидеи и фоторецепторного слоя сетчатки. В исследовании детально проанализированы конъюнктива и роговица. Во II группе количество поврежденных клеток в конъюнктиве было на 67 %, а в III группе на 120 % больше по сравнению с I группой (р &lt; 0,05). При введении ПАБК до гипоксии не было отмечено достоверных отличий по сравнению с нормой (I группа) относительно состояния пораженных клеток в конъюнктиве. В группе животных с введением ПАБК после гипоксии через 1 ч (III группа) количество поврежденных клеток статистически не отличалось от группы II (гипоксический контроль через 1 ч), но было достоверно ниже, чем в группе III (гипоксический контроль через 3 часа). Такая же закономерность наблюдалась в отношении эпителия роговицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Парааминобензойная кислота (0,007 %) оказывает профилактическое и лечебное действие, предотвращая и стабилизируя процесс развития апоптоза клеток конъюнктивы и переднего эпителия роговицы, индуцированного в условиях экспериментальной острой гипоксической гипоксии. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to evaluate the effects of acute hypoxic hypoxia on eye tissue cells in adult rats and determining the effectiveness of 0.007 % solution of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for apoptotic damage to the tissues of the ocular surface in rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the experiment, 27 male Wistar rats (54 eyes) were used, divided into 5 groups. Group I — intact control, Group II — hypoxic control after 1 hour, Group III — hypoxic control after 3 hours, Group IV — with the injection of the drug 1 hour after hypoxia, Group V — injection of the drug 24 hours before hypoxia. The identification of apoptotic cells in the tissues of the eye was performed by the TUNEL method on frozen sections of the eye stained with Hoechst 33342 nuclear fluorescent dye. The localization and fluorescence intensity of the damaged cells was analyzed under a fluorescence microscope using the Image J. computer program.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Under the conditions of simulated acute hypoxic hypoxia, apoptotic lesions of the conjunctiva, corneal epithelium, choroid, and photoreceptor layer of the retina were observed. In group II, the number of damaged cells in the conjunctiva was 67 %, and in group III it was 120 % more compared to group I — the norm (p &lt; 0.05). With the injection of PABA before hypoxia, there were no significant differences compared with the norm (group I) in the state of the affected cells in the conjunctiva. In the group of animals (group III) with the injection of PABA after hypoxia after 1 h, the number of damaged cells does not statistically differ from group II (hypoxic control after 1 h), but significantly lower than in group III (hypoxic control after 3 hours). The same pattern is observed in the corneal epithelium.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Para-aminobenzoic acid (0.007 %) has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect, preventing and stabilizing the development of apoptosis of conjunctival cells and anterior corneal epithelium induced in experimental acute hypoxic hypoxia. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глазная поверхность</kwd><kwd>роговица</kwd><kwd>конъюнктива</kwd><kwd>апоптоз клеток</kwd><kwd>парааминобензойная кислота</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>eye surface</kwd><kwd>cornea</kwd><kwd>conjunctiva</kwd><kwd>cell apoptosis</kwd><kwd>para-aminobenzoic acid</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Latkany R. Dry eyes: etiology and management. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2008;19:287–289. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283023d4c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latkany R. Dry eyes: etiology and management. 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