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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-3-399-407</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретинопатия недоношенных. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retinopathy of Prematurity. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Наталия Викторовна - врач-офтальмолог</p><p>Рассказовское шоссе, 1, Тамбов, 392000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Popova Nataliya V., ophthalmologist </p><p>Rasskazovskoe highway, 1, Tambov, 392000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гойдин</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goydin</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гойдин Андрей Павлович - заместитель директора по клинико-экспертной работе; старший преподаватель</p><p>Рассказовское шоссе, 1, Тамбов, 392000; ул. Советскaя, 93, Тaмбов, 392000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Goydin Andrey P., deputy director; senior lecturer </p><p>Rasskazovskoe highway, 1, Tambov, 392000; Sovetskaya str., 93, Tambov, 392000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фабрикантов</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fabrikantov</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фабрикантов Олег Львович - доктор медицинских наук, директор; заведующий кафедрой </p><p>Рассказовское шоссе, 1, Тамбов, 392000; ул. Советскaя, 93, Тaмбов, 392000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fabrikantov Oleg L., MD, director, head of ophthalmological department </p><p>Rasskazovskoe highway, 1, Tambov, 392000; Sovetskaya str., 93, Tambov, 392000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тамбовский филиaл ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глaзa” им. академика С.Н. Федоровa» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tambov branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тамбовский филиaл ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глaзa” им. академика С.Н. Федоровa» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВПО «Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина», Медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tambov branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution;&#13;
Medical Institute of the Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тамбовский филиaл ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глaзa” им. академика С.Н. Федоровa» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВПО «Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина», Медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tambov branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution; &#13;
Medical Institute of the Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>399</fpage><lpage>407</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Н.В., Гойдин А.П., Фабрикантов О.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Н.В., Гойдин А.П., Фабрикантов О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova N.V., Goydin A.P., Fabrikantov O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1591">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1591</self-uri><abstract><p>Ретинопатия недоношенных (РН) — сложная патология среди преждевременно рожденных детей. Процесс роста и формирования сосудов сетчатки достаточно сложный, и его регулируют следующие медиаторы: фактор роста фибробластов, фактор роста эндотелия сосудов (VEGF), инсулиноподобный фактор роста-1 и др. Фактор роста эндотелия сосудов наиболее тщательно изучен, его экспрессия является кислород- зависимой. Он продуцируется ретинальными перицитами, клетками пигментного эпителия, клетками эндотелия, ретинальными глиальными клетками (клетки Мюллера). После освобождения из гипоксичных тканей VEGF связывается с эндотелиальными клетками сосудов, способствует их активации и пролиферации, что приводит к появлению ретинальных сосудов. Для решения проблемы РН необходим комплексный подход, включающий как профилактику развития более тяжелых стадий заболевания, в результате ведущих к слабовидению и необратимой потере зрительных функций, так и организацию диспансерного наблюдения, реабилитацию. Современная организация диспансерного наблюдения, которая основана на детальном изучении этиологии, патогенеза, а также взаимодействии локальных и системных факторов в отношении зрительных функций, позволяет значительно уменьшить инвалидизацию детей по зрению в результате данного заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Retinopathy of prematurity (RP) is a complex pathology among prematurely born children, which requires a comprehensive approach, including both prevention of the development of more severe stages of the disease, leading to poor vision and irreversible loss of visual functions, and the organization of dispensary observation and rehabilitation. Modern organization of dispensary observation, which is based on a detailed study of the etiology, pathogenesis, as well as the interaction of local and systemic factors on visual functions, can significantly reduce the visual disability of children as a result of this disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретинопатия недоношенных</kwd><kwd>сетчатка</kwd><kwd>аваскулярная зона</kwd><kwd>лазеркоагуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinopathy of prematurity</kwd><kwd>retina</kwd><kwd>avascular zone</kwd><kwd>laser coagulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоренко Е.И., Асташева И.Б. Ретинопатия недоношенных как проблема современной офтальмологии. Российская педиатрическая офтальмология. 2007;4:4–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorenko E.I., Astasheva I.B. 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