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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-3-532-538</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1610</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предпосылки применения бесконсервантных препаратов при медикаментозной терапии глаукомы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prerequisites to Use Preservative-Free Drugs in Medication Therapy of Glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-8170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорофеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorofeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дорофеев Дмитрий Александрович - врач-офтальмолог</p><p>ул. Российская, 200, Челябинск, 454090</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dorofeev Dmitry A., ophthalmologist </p><p>Rossiyskaya str., 200, Chelyabinsk, 454090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5597-983X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брежнев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brezhnev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брежнев Андрей Юрьевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры </p><p>ул. К. Маркса, 3, Курск, 305041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brezhnev Andrey Yu., PhD, Associate Professor </p><p>K. Marks str., 3, Kursk, 305041</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-9931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газизова</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazizova</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Газизова Ильмира Рифовна - доктор медицинских наук, ученый секретарь, заведующая отделением офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Павлова, 9, Санкт-Петербург, 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gazizova Ilmira R., MD, scientific secretary, head of Ophtalmological Department </p><p>Academician Pavlov str., 9, St. Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3215-0348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазунова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glasunova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глазунова Марина Александровна - студентка </p><p>ул. Воровского, 64, Челябинск, 454092</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Glasunova Marina A., student </p><p>Vorovskogo str., 64, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-9586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирилик</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirilik</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилик Елена Викторовна - врач-офтальмолог </p><p>ул. Российская, 200, Челябинск, 454090</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirilik Elena V., ophthalmologist </p><p>Rossiyskaya str., 200, Chelyabinsk, 454090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vek9416@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-0566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куроедов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuroedov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куроедов Александр Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры, заведующий офтальмологическим отделением </p><p>ул. Большая Оленья, 8а, Москва, 107014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuroedov Alexandr V., MD, Professor of the Ophtalmology department, head of the ophthalmology Division </p><p>Bol’shaya Olen’ya str., 8А, Moscow, 107014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4583-6050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селезнев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seleznev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селезнев Алексей Владимирович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры </p><p>Шереметевский просп., 8, Иваново, 153012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seleznev Alexey V., PhD, Associate Professor </p><p>Sheremetevskiy ave., 8, Ivanovo, 153012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0244-4169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шукуров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shukurov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шукуров Ахмед Гярай оглы - студент </p><p>ул. Воровского, 64, Челябинск, 454092</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shukurov Akhmed G., student </p><p>Vorovskogo str., 64, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 2», поликлиника № 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chelyabinsk Public Clinical Hospital № 2, Polyclinic № 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУН «Институт мозга человека им. Н.П. Бехтеревой» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Human Brain, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУ «Центральный военный клинический госпиталь им. П.В. Мандрыка» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mandryka Central Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>532</fpage><lpage>538</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дорофеев Д.А., Брежнев А.Ю., Газизова И.Р., Глазунова М.А., Кирилик Е.В., Куроедов А.В., Селезнев А.В., Шукуров А.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дорофеев Д.А., Брежнев А.Ю., Газизова И.Р., Глазунова М.А., Кирилик Е.В., Куроедов А.В., Селезнев А.В., Шукуров А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorofeev D.A., Brezhnev A.Y., Gazizova I.R., Glasunova M.A., Kirilik E.V., Kuroedov A.V., Seleznev A.V., Shukurov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1610">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1610</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель — проанализировать литературные данные о преимуществах бесконсервантной медикаментозной терапии глаукомы.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Были проанализированы 482 статьи в базе данных Pubmed, опубликованных с 1975 по 2020 год, с использованием терминов «глаукома», «консерванты», «бесконсервантная терапия», «бензалкония хлорид» (БАХ). В обзор включено 54 источника информации. Критерии включения: исследования, в которых изучалось влияние местной гипотензивной терапии на состояние глазной поверхности в сравнении с бесконсервантными препаратами.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. БАХ — самый распространенный консервант, используемый в офтальмологии, на долю которого приходится 70 % рецептур глазных капель. БАХ оказывает выраженное токсическое воздействие на глазную поверхность, поэтому были разработаны другие классы консервантов. К ним относятся детергент поликватерниум-1; окисляющие консерванты — стабилизированный оксихлорокомплекс и перборат натрия; ионный буферный консервант. Однако бóльшая часть публикаций посвящена БАХ, так как он считается наиболее токсичным и при этом самым часто используемым консервантом. Существует большое количество исследований по переключению с консервантной терапии на бесконсервантную, в которых изучались практически все группы препаратов, используемых для терапии глаукомы. Применение гипотензивных препаратов сопряжено с действием не только консервантов, но и активного вещества, вспомогательных веществ и буферов. Тем не менее большинство исследований демонстрируют преимущества бесконсервантных препаратов. В других исследованиях проводилось сравнение консервантных и бесконсервантных препаратов с одинаковыми действующими веществами, в которых был выявлен сопоставимый гипотензивный эффект и профиль безопасности, что указывает на то, что БАХ не требуется для адекватного проникновения действующего вещества к точке приложения. При этом также выявлены статистически значимые преимущества в переносимости бесконсервантной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Консервантная терапия глаукомы оказывает токсическое влияние на глазную поверхность, что приводит к снижению качества жизни и комплаентности. Переход на бесконсервантные препараты может помочь добиться снижения ятрогенных осложнений при длительном лечении пациентов с глаукомой.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose — to analyze the literature data on the benefits of preservative-free medication therapy for glaucoma.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 482 articles in the Pubmed database published from 1975 to 2020 were analyzed using the terms: “glaucoma”, “preservatives”, “preservative-free therapy”, “benzalkonium chloride”. The review includes 78 articles. Inclusion criteria: studies that examined the effect of local antihypertensive therapy on the condition of the ocular surface in comparison with preservative-free drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. BAC is the most common preservative used in ophthalmology, accounting for 70 % of eye drop formulations. But it has a pronounced toxic effect on the ocular surface, so other classes of preservatives have been developed. These include polyquaternium-1 detergent; oxidizing preservatives — stabilized oxychlorocomplex and sodium perborate; ionic buffer preservative. However, most of the publications are devoted to BAC, as it is considered the most toxic and, at the same time, the most commonly used preservative. There is a large number of switching studies from preservative therapy to preservative-free, in which almost all groups of drugs used for the treatment of glaucoma were studied, but the use of antihypertensive drugs is associated not only with the action of preservatives, but also with the active substance, excipients and buffers. However, most switching studies demonstrate the benefits of preservative-free drugs. Other studies compared preservative and preservative-free drugs with the same active ingredients, in which a comparable hypotensive effect and safety profile was revealed, which indicates that BAC is not required for adequate penetration of the active substance to the point of application. At the same time, statistically significant advantages in the tolerability of preservativefree therapy were also revealed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Glaucoma preservative therapy has a toxic effect on the ocular surface, which leads to a decrease in the quality of life and compliance. Switching to preservative-free drugs can help reduce iatrogenic complications during long-term treatment of patients with glaucoma</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>синдром сухого глаза</kwd><kwd>патология глазной поверхности</kwd><kwd>бесконсервантная терапия</kwd><kwd>консерванты глазных капель</kwd><kwd>бензалкония хлорид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>dry eye syndrome</kwd><kwd>ocular surface pathology</kwd><kwd>preservative-free therapy</kwd><kwd>preservatives for eye drops</kwd><kwd>benzalkonium chloride</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramli N., Supramaniam G., Samsudin A., Juana A., Zahari M., Choo M.M. 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