<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-3S-660-665</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1637</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы в лечении центральной серозной хориоретинопатии. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Approach to Treatment for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-7155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дракон</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drakon</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дракон Алина Константиновна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, научный сотрудник отдела современных методов лечения в офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Drakon Alina K., PhD, Associate Professor, research officer of the Department of modern treatment methods in ophthalmology</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-6719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Патеюк</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pateyuk</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Патеюк Людмила Сергеевна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела офтальмореабилитации </p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pateyuk Liudmila S., PhD, senior research officer of the Ophthalmorehabilitation Department</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sweethailtoyou@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-3018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелудченко</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheludchenko</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шелудченко Вячеслав Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом офтальмореабилитации </p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sheludchenko Viacheslav M., MD, Professor, head of the Ophthalmorehabilitation Department </p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-8778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корчажкина</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korchazhkina</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корчажкина Наталья Борисовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель научно-образовательного центра </p><p>Абрикосовский пер., 2, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korchazhkina Natalia B., MD, Professor, head of the Scientific and Educational Center </p><p>Abrikosovsky lane, 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. академика Б.В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after Academician B.V. Petrovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3S</issue><fpage>660</fpage><lpage>665</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дракон А.К., Патеюк Л.С., Шелудченко В.М., Корчажкина Н.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дракон А.К., Патеюк Л.С., Шелудченко В.М., Корчажкина Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drakon A.K., Pateyuk L.S., Sheludchenko V.M., Korchazhkina N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1637">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1637</self-uri><abstract><p>Центральная серозная хориоретинопатия (ЦСХ) — заболевание смешанного генеза неустановленной этиологии. В соответствии с активностью и длительностью патологического процесса традиционно принято выделять две клинические формы ЦСХ: классическую острую и хроническую. Не существует единой концепции по отношению к ведению пациентов с ЦСХ, особые сложности возникают в лечении пациентов с хронической формой заболевания. В настоящей статье освещены современные тенденции и подходы к терапии при ЦСХ — от фокальной лазерной коагуляции до физиотерапевтических методов. Терапевтический подход в целом зависит от формы ЦСХ. В большинстве случаев острой формы ЦСХ в течение нескольких месяцев от начала заболевания отмечается самопроизвольный регресс, спонтанное прилегание отслойки ПЭС и нейроэпителия сетчатки. Терапия при хронической форме этого заболевания по-прежнему остается сложной задачей и дискутабельным вопросом. Наиболее эффективным методом терапии при острой типичной форме ЦСХ признана прямая лазерная коагуляция сетчатки в точке просачивания. При хронической форме ЦСХ применяют фотодинамическую терапию, транспупиллярную термотерапию и субпороговое микроимпульсное лазерное воздействие. Целью медикаментозной терапии при ЦСХ является активация процессов резорбции серозной жидкости из субретинального или субпигментного пространства, снижение активности патологических процессов в хориоидее, а также улучшение трофики и метаболизма. Применяемые в настоящее время методы лечения хронической ЦСХ имеют ряд недостатков и вариабельную эффективность. Существование резистентных к лечению случаев является предметом дальнейших научных исследований и клинических изысканий. Перспективной представляется разработка новых физических и физиофармакологических методов лечения при ЦСХ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease of complex origin and unknown etiology. Traditionally, two clinical forms of CSC are verified in accordance with the activity and duration of the pathological process: classic acute form and chronic CSC. Nowadays, there is no unified concept accepted for the management of patients with this disease, particular difficulties exist in cases of chronic CSC. This literature review highlights current trends and approaches to the treatment of CSC patients — from focal laser photocoagulation to physical methods oh therapy. The therapeutic approach as a whole depends on the form of the CHS. In most cases of the acute form of CSF, spontaneous regression, spontaneous adhesion of RPE detachment and retinal neuroepithelium are noted within several months from the onset of the disease. Therapy for the chronic form of this disease is still a difficult task and a controversial issue. Direct laser coagulation of the retina at the oozing point is recognized as the most effective method of therapy for acute typical form of CSF. In the chronic form of CSC, photodynamic therapy, transpupillary thermotherapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure are used. The goal of drug therapy for CSF is to activate the processes of resorption of serous fluid from the subretinal or subpigmented space, reduce the activity of pathological processes in the choroid, and improve trophism and metabolism. The currently used methods of treating chronic CSH have a number of disadvantages and variable efficacy. The existence of treatment-resistant cases is the subject of further research and clinical research. The development of new physical and physiopharmacological methods of treatment for CSF is perspective.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральная серозная хориоретинопатия</kwd><kwd>фокальная лазерная коагуляция</kwd><kwd>фотодинамическая терапия</kwd><kwd>транспупиллярная термотерапия</kwd><kwd>субпороговое микроимпульсное лазерное воздействие</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы карбоангидразы</kwd><kwd>антагонисты минералокортикоидов</kwd><kwd>физиотерапия</kwd><kwd>электрофорез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central serous chorioretinopathy</kwd><kwd>focal laser coagulation</kwd><kwd>photodynamic therapy</kwd><kwd>transpupillary thermotherapy</kwd><kwd>subthreshold micropulse laser exposure</kwd><kwd>carbonic anhydrase inhibitors</kwd><kwd>mineralocorticoid antagonists</kwd><kwd>physiotherapy</kwd><kwd>electrophoresis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chhablani J. Outcomes of treatment of choroidal neovascularization associated with central serous chorioretinopathy with intravitreal antiangiogenic agents. Retina. 2015;35(12):2489–2497. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000655</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chhablani J. Outcomes of treatment of choroidal neovascularization associated with central serous chorioretinopathy with intravitreal antiangiogenic agents. Retina. 2015;35(12):2489–2497. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000655</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мальцев Д.С, Фомин А.В., Куликов А.Н., Васильев А.С. Оценка статуса хориокапилляриса с помощью высокоскоростной спектральной оптической когерентной томографии с функцией ангиографии и технологии усреднения изображений. Вестник офтальмологии. 2021;137(3):76–84. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202113703176</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maltsev D.S., Fomin A.V., Kulikov A.N., Vasiliev A.S. Evaluation of choriocapillaris with high-speed spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography and image averaging. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2021;137(3):76–84 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202113703176</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стоюхина А.С., Будзинская М.В., Стоюхин С.Г., Асламазова А.Э. Оптическая когерентная томография-ангиография в офтальмоонкологии. Вестник офтальмологии. 2019;135(1):104–111. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2019135011104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoiukhina A.S., Budzinskaia M.V., Stoyukhin S.G., Aslamazova A.E. Optical coherence tomography angiography in ophthalmic oncology. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2019;135(1):104–111 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2019135011104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мальцев Д.С, Куликов А.Н., Чхаблани Д., Кутик Д.С., Арсенов Н.В. Оптическая когерентная томография в диагностике и лечении центральной серозной хориоретинопатии. Вестник офтальмологии. 2018;134(6):15–24. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma201813406115</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maltsev D.S., Kulikov A.N., Chhablani J., Kutik D.S., Arsenov N.V. Optical coherence tomography in diagnostics and treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2018;134(6):15–24 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/oftalma201813406115</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rijssen T.J. Central serous chorioretinopathy: Towards an evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019;73:100770. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rijssen T.J. Central serous chorioretinopathy: Towards an evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019;73:100770. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iacono P., Toto L., Costanzo E., Varano M., Parravano M.C. Pharmacotherapy of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Review of the Current Treatments. Curr Pharm Des. 2018;24(41):4864–4873. DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190123165914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iacono P., Toto L., Costanzo E., Varano M., Parravano M.C. Pharmacotherapy of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Review of the Current Treatments. Curr Pharm Des. 2018;24(41):4864–4873. DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190123165914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gülkaş S., Şahin Ö. Current Therapeutic Approaches to Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2019;49(1):30–39. DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2018.49035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gülkaş S., Şahin Ö. Current Therapeutic Approaches to Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2019;49(1):30–39. DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2018.49035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semeraro F., Morescalchi F., Russo A., Gambicorti E., Pilotto A., Parmeggiani F., Bartollino S., Costagliola C. Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Pathogenesis and Management. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019;13:2341–2352. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S220845</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semeraro F., Morescalchi F., Russo A., Gambicorti E., Pilotto A., Parmeggiani F., Bartollino S., Costagliola C. Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Pathogenesis and Management. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019;13:2341–2352. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S220845</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daruich A., Matet A., Dirani A., Bousquet E., Zhao M., Farman N., Jaisser F., Behar-Cohen F. Central serous chorioretinopathy: recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis. Prog Retin.Eye Res. 2015;48:82–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daruich A., Matet A., Dirani A., Bousquet E., Zhao M., Farman N., Jaisser F., Behar-Cohen F. Central serous chorioretinopathy: recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis. Prog Retin.Eye Res. 2015;48:82–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gemenetzi M., De Salvo G., Lotery A.J. Central serous chorioretinopathy: an update on pathogenesis and treatment. Eye. 2010;24(12):1743–1756. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2010.130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gemenetzi M., De Salvo G., Lotery A.J. Central serous chorioretinopathy: an update on pathogenesis and treatment. Eye. 2010;24(12):1743–1756. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2010.130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chhablani J. Antiangiogenics in choroidal neovascularization associated with laser in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2016;36(5):901–908. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000804</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chhablani J. Antiangiogenics in choroidal neovascularization associated with laser in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2016;36(5):901–908. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000804</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivaprasad S., Elagouz M., McHugh D., Shona O., Dorin G. Micropulsed diode laser therapy: evolution and clinical applications. Surv Ophthalmol. 2010;55(6):516–530. DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2010.02.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivaprasad S., Elagouz M., McHugh D., Shona O., Dorin G. Micropulsed diode laser therapy: evolution and clinical applications. Surv Ophthalmol. 2010;55(6):516–530. DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2010.02.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sramek C., Mackanos M., Spitler R., Leung L.S., Nomoto H., Contag C.H., Palanker D. Non-damaging retinal phototherapy: dynamic range of heat shock protein expression. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(3):1780–1787. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-5917</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sramek C., Mackanos M., Spitler R., Leung L.S., Nomoto H., Contag C.H., Palanker D. Non-damaging retinal phototherapy: dynamic range of heat shock protein expression. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(3):1780–1787. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-5917</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scholz P., Altay L., Fauser S. A review of subthreshold micropulse laser for treatment of macular disorders. Adv. Ther. 2017;34(7):1528–1555. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-017-0559-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scholz P., Altay L., Fauser S. A review of subthreshold micropulse laser for treatment of macular disorders. Adv. Ther. 2017;34(7):1528–1555. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-017-0559-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen S.N., Hwang J.F., Tseng L.F., Lin C.J. Subthreshold diode micropulse photocoagulation for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with juxtafoveal leakage. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(12):2229–2234. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.08.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen S.N., Hwang J.F., Tseng L.F., Lin C.J. Subthreshold diode micropulse photocoagulation for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with juxtafoveal leakage. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(12):2229–2234. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.08.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dijk E.H.C. Half-dose photodynamic therapy versus high-density subthreshold micropulse laser treatment in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: the place trial. Ophthalmology. 2018;125(10):1547–1555. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.04.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dijk E.H.C. Half-dose photodynamic therapy versus high-density subthreshold micropulse laser treatment in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: the place trial. Ophthalmology. 2018;125(10):1547–1555. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.04.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ардамакова А.В., Большунов А.В., Ильина Т.С., Федорук Н.А., Сипливый В.И. Транспупиллярная лазерная фотокоагуляция тканей глазного дна: прошлое, настоящее и будущее. Вестник офтальмологии. 2017;133(1):81–87. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2017133181-87</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ardamakova A.V., Bol’shunov A.V., Ilyina T.S., Fedoruk N.A., Siplivyĭ V.I. Transpupillary laser photocoagulation of ocular fundus: history, the present, and the future. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2017;133(1):81–87 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2017133181-87</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desmettre T., Maurage C.A., Mordon S. Heat shock protein hyperexpression on chorioretinal layers after transpupillary thermotherapy. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2001;42(12):2976–2980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desmettre T., Maurage C.A., Mordon S. Heat shock protein hyperexpression on chorioretinal layers after transpupillary thermotherapy. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2001;42(12):2976–2980.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hussain N., Khanna R., Hussain A., Das T. Transpupillary thermotherapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2006;244(8):1045–1051. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-005-0175-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hussain N., Khanna R., Hussain A., Das T. Transpupillary thermotherapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2006;244(8):1045–1051. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-005-0175-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shukla D., Kolluru C., Vignesh T.P., Karthikprakash S., Kim R. Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy. Eye. 2008;22(1):100–106. DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702449</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shukla D., Kolluru C., Vignesh T.P., Karthikprakash S., Kim R. Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy. Eye. 2008;22(1):100–106. DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702449</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mathur V., Parihar J., Maggon R., Mishra S.K. Role of transpupillary thermotherapy in central serous chorio-retinopathy. Med. J. Armed Forces India. 2009;65(4):323–327. DOI: 10.1016/S0377-1237(09)80092-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mathur V., Parihar J., Maggon R., Mishra S.K. Role of transpupillary thermotherapy in central serous chorio-retinopathy. Med. J. Armed Forces India. 2009;65(4):323–327. DOI: 10.1016/S0377-1237(09)80092-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giudice G.L., Belvis V., Tavolato M., Galan A. Large-spot subthreshold transpupillary thermotherapy for chronic serous macular detachment. Clin. Ophthalmol. 2011;5:355–360. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S16014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giudice G.L., Belvis V., Tavolato M., Galan A. Large-spot subthreshold transpupillary thermotherapy for chronic serous macular detachment. Clin. Ophthalmol. 2011;5:355–360. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S16014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schlotzer-Schrehardt U., Viestenz A., Naumann G.O., Laqua H., Michels S., Schmidt-Erfurth U. Dose-related structural effects of photodynamic therapy on choroidal and retinal structures of human eyes. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2002;240(9):748–757. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-002-0517-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schlotzer-Schrehardt U., Viestenz A., Naumann G.O., Laqua H., Michels S., Schmidt-Erfurth U. Dose-related structural effects of photodynamic therapy on choroidal and retinal structures of human eyes. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2002;240(9):748–757. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-002-0517-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shiode Y., Morizane Y., Kimura S., Hosokawa M., Kawata T., Doi S., Hosogi M., Fujiwara A., Shiraga F. Comparison of halving the irradiation time or the verteporfin dose in photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2015;35(12):2498–2504. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000000621</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shiode Y., Morizane Y., Kimura S., Hosokawa M., Kawata T., Doi S., Hosogi M., Fujiwara A., Shiraga F. Comparison of halving the irradiation time or the verteporfin dose in photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2015;35(12):2498–2504. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000000621</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin J.Y., Woo S.J., Yu H.G., Park K.H. Comparison of efficacy and safety between half-fluence and full-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2011;31(1):119–126. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181e378f2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin J.Y., Woo S.J., Yu H.G., Park K.H. Comparison of efficacy and safety between half-fluence and full-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2011;31(1):119–126. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181e378f2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neves F., Costa J., Fonseca S., Silva L., Agrelos L. Half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: efficacy and safety outcomes in real world. Photodiagn. Photodyn. Ther. 2016;14:173–177. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.04.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neves F., Costa J., Fonseca S., Silva L., Agrelos L. Half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: efficacy and safety outcomes in real world. Photodiagn. Photodyn. Ther. 2016;14:173–177. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.04.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alkin Z., Perente I., Ozkaya A., Alp D., Agca A., Aygit E.D., Korkmaz S., Yazici A.T., Demirok A. Comparison of efficacy between low-fluence and half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Clin. Ophthalmol. 2014;8:685–690. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S58617</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkin Z., Perente I., Ozkaya A., Alp D., Agca A., Aygit E.D., Korkmaz S., Yazici A.T., Demirok A. Comparison of efficacy between low-fluence and half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Clin. Ophthalmol. 2014;8:685–690. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S58617</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maruko I., Iida T., Sugano Y., Ojima A., Ogasawara M., Spaide R.F. Subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(9):1792–1799. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maruko I., Iida T., Sugano Y., Ojima A., Ogasawara M., Spaide R.F. Subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(9):1792–1799. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dijk E.H.C., Dijkman G., Theelen T., Hoyng C.B., Boon C.J.F. Short-term findings on optical coherence tomography and microperimetry in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy patients treated with half-dose photodynamic therapy. Retin. Cases Brief Rep. 2018;12(4):266–271. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000498</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dijk E.H.C., Dijkman G., Theelen T., Hoyng C.B., Boon C.J.F. Short-term findings on optical coherence tomography and microperimetry in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy patients treated with half-dose photodynamic therapy. Retin. Cases Brief Rep. 2018;12(4):266–271. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000498</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nicolo M., Eandi C.M., Alovisi C., Grignolo F.M., Traverso C.E., Musetti D., Cardillo Piccolino F. Half-fluence versus half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014;157(5):1033–1037. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.01.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nicolo M., Eandi C.M., Alovisi C., Grignolo F.M., Traverso C.E., Musetti D., Cardillo Piccolino F. Half-fluence versus half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014;157(5):1033–1037. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.01.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu C.F., Chen L.J., Tsai S.H., Lai C.C., Chan W.C., Wu W.C., Wang N.K., Chen K.J., Hwang Y.S., Chen Y.P., Yeung L. Half-dose verteporfin combined with half-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 2014;30(5):400–405. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0169</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu C.F., Chen L.J., Tsai S.H., Lai C.C., Chan W.C., Wu W.C., Wang N.K., Chen K.J., Hwang Y.S., Chen Y.P., Yeung L. Half-dose verteporfin combined with half-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 2014;30(5):400–405. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0169</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao M. A 50 % vs 30 % dose of verteporfin (photodynamic therapy) for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015;133(3):333–340. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.5312</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao M. A 50 % vs 30 % dose of verteporfin (photodynamic therapy) for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015;133(3):333–340. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.5312</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uetani R., Ito Y., Oiwa K., Ishikawa K., Terasaki H. Half-dose vs one-thirddose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Eye. 2012;26(5):640–649. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.66</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uetani R., Ito Y., Oiwa K., Ishikawa K., Terasaki H. Half-dose vs one-thirddose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Eye. 2012;26(5):640–649. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.66</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim K.S., Lee W.K., Lee S.B. Half-dose photodynamic therapy targeting the leakage point on the fluorescein angiography in acute central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014;157(2):366–373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.10.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim K.S., Lee W.K., Lee S.B. Half-dose photodynamic therapy targeting the leakage point on the fluorescein angiography in acute central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014;157(2):366–373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.10.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yannuzzi L.A., Slakter J.S., Gross N.E., Spaide R.F., Costa D., Huang S.J., Klancnik J,M. Jr, Aizman A. Indocyanine green angiography-guided photodynamic therapy for treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Retina. 2003;23(3):288–298. DOI: 10.1097/00006982-200306000-00002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yannuzzi L.A., Slakter J.S., Gross N.E., Spaide R.F., Costa D., Huang S.J., Klancnik J,M. Jr, Aizman A. Indocyanine green angiography-guided photodynamic therapy for treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Retina. 2003;23(3):288–298. DOI: 10.1097/00006982-200306000-00002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pikkel J., Beiran I., Ophir A., Miller B. Acetazolamide for central serous retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2002;109(9):1723–1725. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01157-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pikkel J., Beiran I., Ophir A., Miller B. Acetazolamide for central serous retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2002;109(9):1723–1725. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01157-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астахов Ю.С., Бутин Е.В., Морозова Н.В., Соколов В.О., Ракицкий А.В., Флоренцева С.С. Лечение центральной серозной хориоретинопатии местным ингибитором карбоангидразы «Трусопт». Офтальмологические ведомости. 2010;3(1):63–66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astakhov Yu.S., Butin E.V., Morozova N.V., Sokolov V.O., Rakitskiy A.V., Florentseva S.S. The local carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Trusopt treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmology journal = Oftal’mologicheskie vedomosti. 2010;3(1):63–66 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bousquet E., Beydoun T., Zhao M., Hassan L., Offret O., Behar-Cohen F. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Retina. 2013;33(10):2096–2102. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e318297a07a</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bousquet E., Beydoun T., Zhao M., Hassan L., Offret O., Behar-Cohen F. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a pilot study. Retina. 2013;33(10):2096–2102. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e318297a07a</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bousquet E. Spironolactone for nonresolving central serous chorioretinopathy: a randomized controlled crossover study. Retina. 2015;35(12):2505–2515. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000614</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bousquet E. Spironolactone for nonresolving central serous chorioretinopathy: a randomized controlled crossover study. Retina. 2015;35(12):2505–2515. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000614</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pichi F., Carrai P., Ciardella A., Behar-Cohen F., Nucci P., Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Study Group. Comparison of two mineralcorticosteroids receptor antagonists for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Int Ophthalmol. 2017;37(5):1115–1125. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0377-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pichi F., Carrai P., Ciardella A., Behar-Cohen F., Nucci P., Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Study Group. Comparison of two mineralcorticosteroids receptor antagonists for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. Int Ophthalmol. 2017;37(5):1115–1125. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0377-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artunay O., Yuzbasioglu E., Rasier R., Sengul A., Bahcecioglu H. Intravitreal bevacizumab in treatment of idiopathic persistent central serous chorioretinopathy: a prospective, controlled clinical study. Curr. Eye Res. 2010;35(2):91–98. DOI: 10.3109/02713680903428306</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artunay O., Yuzbasioglu E., Rasier R., Sengul A., Bahcecioglu H. Intravitreal bevacizumab in treatment of idiopathic persistent central serous chorioretinopathy: a prospective, controlled clinical study. Curr. Eye Res. 2010;35(2):91–98. DOI: 10.3109/02713680903428306</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim M., Lee S.C., Lee S.J. Intravitreal ranibizumab for acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 2013;229(3):152–157. DOI: 10.1159/000345495</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim M., Lee S.C., Lee S.J. Intravitreal ranibizumab for acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 2013;229(3):152–157. DOI: 10.1159/000345495</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arslan U., Özmert E. Treatment of resistant chronic central serous chorioretinopathy via platelet-rich plasma with electromagnetic stimulation. Regenerative medicine. 2020;15(8):2001-2014. DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arslan U., Özmert E. Treatment of resistant chronic central serous chorioretinopathy via platelet-rich plasma with electromagnetic stimulation. Regenerative medicine. 2020;15(8):2001-2014. DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щуко А.А., Юрьева Т.Н., Злобина А.Н. Психоэмоциональный статус пациентов при центральной серозной хориоретинопатии. Вестник офтальмологии. 2017;133(2):70–74. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2017133270-74</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchuko A.A., Iur’eva T.N., Zlobina A.N. Features of psycho-emotional state of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy. Annals of Ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2017;133(2):70–74 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2017133270-74</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
