ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2021-4-807-814ophthalmology-1683Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМикропериметрия в детской практикеMicroperimetry in Children’s PracticeХубиеваР. Р.KhubievaR. R.

Хубиева Регина Расуловна, аспирантка отдела патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062

Khubieva Regina R., postgraduate of the Pathology of Binocular Vision Refraction and Ophthalmoergonomics Department

Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062

reginahubieva@mail.ruФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияHelmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye DiseasesRussian Federation202128122021184807814Copyright © Хубиева Р.Р., 20212021Хубиева Р.Р.Khubieva R.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1683

Охрана здоровья детей относится к приоритетным направлениям здравоохранения во всем мире. В программе ВОЗ «Ликвидация устранимой слепоты в мире Vision - 2020» проблемам детской офтальмопатологии отдано четвертое место и созданыцелевые программы для их устранения. Внедрение современного оборудования в клиническую практику детских офтальмологовпозволило расширить границы традиционной диагностики. Микропериметрия — инновационное количественное неинвазивноедиагностическое исследование, направленное на оценку функциональной способности сетчатки в строгой корреляции с морфологией. Наряду с оценкой световой чувствительности микропериметр позволяет измерять параметры фиксации, что служитнадежным критерием ее устойчивости и косвенно отражает функциональную организацию центрального зрения. В связи с этимв литературном обзоре представлены результаты отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, которые использовали микропериметрическое тестирование как основной или дополнительный метод исследования при заболеваниях различной этиологии,таких как наследственные заболевания сетчатки, амблиопия, нистагм. Большинством авторов продемонстрирована высокаядиагностическая значимость этого метода, возможность оценки светочувствительности сетчатки, выявление нарушений со стороны фиксации, таких как эксцентричность и нестабильность, даже у пациентов детского возраста. Также было показаноиспользование микропериметрии в качестве нового метода лечения при данных заболеваниях. Зрительная реабилитация на основе обратной биологической связи, предусмотренной данным прибором, показала высокую эффективность при заболеваниях центральной области. Еще предстоит провести дополнительные исследования, чтобы определить будущие потенциальные возможности применения этой технологии, в частности в детской практике, а также развить потенциал микропериметрии как инструмента для зрительной реабилитации пациентов.

Child health is a global health priority. The program “Elimination of Eliminable Blindness in the World of Vision-2020” gives the fourth place to the problems of pediatric ophthalmopathology and creates targeted programs for their elimination. The introduction of modern equipment in the clinical practice of pediatric ophthalmologists has expanded the boundaries of traditional diagnostics. Microperimetry is an innovative, quantitative, non-invasive diagnostic study aimed at assessing the functional ability of the retina in strict correlation with morphology. Along with the assessment of light sensitivity, the device allows you to measure fixation parameters, which serves as a reliable criterion for its stability and indirectly reflects the functional organization of central vision. In this regard, the literature review presents the results of domestic and foreign researchers who used microperimetric testing as the main or additional research method for diseases of various etiologies, such as hereditary retinal diseases, amblyopia, and nystagmus. Most authors have demonstrated the high diagnostic significance of this method, the ability to assess photosensitivity of the retina, the detection of fixation disorders, such as eccentricity and instability, even in pediatric patients. The use of microperimetry as a new method of treatment for these diseases has also been shown. Visual rehabilitation based on biofeedback provided by this device has shown high efficiency in diseases of the central region. More research remains to be done to determine future potential applications of this technology, in particular in pediatric practice, and to develop the potential of microperimetry as a tool for the visual rehabilitation of patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.