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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2021-4-962-971</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1706</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Контроль миопии в реальной клинической практике: результаты экспертного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Myopia Control in Real Clinical Practice: The Results of an Expert Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8864-4518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарутта</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarutta</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарутта Елена Петровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник отдела патологии рефракции,бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tarutta Еlena P., MD, professor, head of the refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проскурина Ольга Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Proskurina Olga V., MD, leading researcher of the refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-3606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иомдина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iomdina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иомдина Елена Наумовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iomdina Elena N., MD, professor, principal researcher of the refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>962</fpage><lpage>971</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарутта Е.П., Проскурина О.В., Иомдина Е.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарутта Е.П., Проскурина О.В., Иомдина Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarutta E.P., Proskurina O.V., Iomdina E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1706">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1706</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты экспертного исследования, проведенного среди российских специалистов в 2019 году, по вопросу профилактики прогрессирования миопии.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: обобщить взгляды специалистов в области охраны зрения на проблему профилактики прогрессирования миопии в Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Исследование проводилось путем адресной рассылки (передачи) опросников специалистам с последующей статистической обработкой ответов и их анализа. Основа опросника, содержащая 9 вопросов, была разработана специалистами Британской ассоциации контактологов (British Contact Lens Association, BCLA) для проведения глобального исследования, переведена нами на русский язык и дополнена пунктами, представляющими интерес для российских специалистов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Было получено и обработано 356 опросников. Обеспокоенность российских специалистов увеличением частоты детской миопии составляет 9,0 ± 0,08 балла по десятибалльной шкале. Наиболее эффективными методами профилактики прогрессирования миопии названы ортокератология, применение мягких контактных линз специального дизайна для контроля миопии, увеличение длительности пребывания на открытом воздухе. Эффективность данных методов составила 50,7 ± 1,6, 44,9 ± 1,8 и 42,9 ± 1,7 % соответственно. В Южном регионе наиболее эффективным методом названа коррекция перифокальными очками (56,8 ± 11,1 %), в Северо-Западном — атропин (39,5 ± 7,1 %), на Дальнем Востоке — склероукрепляющие вмешательства (55,1 ± 7,6 %). Во всех регионах гипокоррекция миопии названа наименее эффективным методом — 11,6 ± 1,0 %. В клинической практике в приоритете у специалистов всех регионов — увеличение длительности пребывания на открытом воздухе (в среднем 94,0 ± 7,8 назначения в месяц одним специалистом), чаще других методов используются инстилляции фенилэфрина и монофокальная коррекция очками (49,4 ± 3,6 и 47,2 ± 3,6 назначения в месяц одним специалистом соответственно). Такой подход отмечается в большинстве регионов. В регионах Сибири и Урала, а также Дальнего Востока в числе наиболее часто назначаемых методов указано функциональное лечение (70,4 ± 11,5 и 20,0 ± 5,2 назначения в месяц одним специалистом региона соответственно). Основной причиной, мешающей назначению других, кроме монофокальной коррекции, способов контроля миопии, названа высокая стоимость для пациента (42,1 %) и недостаток информации/знаний (22,2 %). Последнюю причину указывают 45 % специалистов Дальнего Востока. 42,9 % специалистов Северо-Западного федерального округа полагают, что другие способы не более эффективны, чем монофокальная коррекция.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Активное продвижение и внедрение в повседневную клиническую практику методов контроля миопии, доказавших свою высокую эффективность, будет способствовать снижению частоты прогрессирующего и осложненного течения миопии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents expert study results about myopia control. The study was conducted by Russian eye care practitioners in 2019.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. to summarize the views of eye care practitioners on the problem of myopia control in Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study was conducted by mailing (sending) questionnaires to practitioners. The questionnaire contained 9 questions. Base questionnaire was developed by British Contact Lens Association (BCLA) for global study, translated into Russian and updated with items of interest to Russian practitioners.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 356 questionnaires were received and processed. Concern increasing frequency of pediatric myopia was highest (9.0 ± 0.08 on a 10 point scale). Orthokeratology was perceived to be the most effective method of myopia control, followed by myopia control soft contact lenses and increased time outdoors. Perceived effectiveness rated as percentage was 50.7 ± 1.6 %, 44.9 ± 1.8 % и 42.9 ± 1.7 % respectively. Perifocal spectacles correction was perceived to be the most effective method in the Southern area of Russia (56.8 ± 11.1 %), atropine — in the Northwestern Federal District (39.5 ± 7.1 %), scleroplasty — in the Far East (55.1 ± 7.6 %). Under-correction was perceived to be the least effective method in all areas (11.6 ± 1.0 %). Increased time outdoors was a priority for most practitioners (on average 94.0 ± 7.8 prescriptions per month by one practitioner). Practitioners prescribed single vision spectacles as the primary mode of correction for myopic patients (47.2 ± 3.6 prescriptions per month by one practitioner). Phenylephrine instillation was used often (49.4 ± 3.6 prescriptions per month by one practitioner). This trend was in most areas. Vision therapy was used most frequent in Siberia and the Urals and in the Far East (70.4 ± 11.5 и 20.0 ± 5.2 prescriptions per month by one practitioner respectively). The most common reasons practitioners gave for not adopting myopia control strategies were: they were felt to be uneconomical (42.1 %); they considered there to be inadequate information about the modalities (22.2 %). 45 % practitioners from the Far East called the last reason the main one. 42.9 % practitioners from Northwestern Federal District did not believe that these are any more effective methods then single vision correction.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The active promotion and introduction into everyday clinical practice of myopia control methods that have proven to be highly effective could help reduce the frequency of progressive and degenerative myopia</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия у детей</kwd><kwd>контроль миопии</kwd><kwd>прогрессирование миопии</kwd><kwd>коррекция миопии</kwd><kwd>лечение миопии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia in children</kwd><kwd>myopia control</kwd><kwd>myopia progression</kwd><kwd>myopia management</kwd><kwd>myopia correction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fricke T.R., Jong M., Naidoo K.S. Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 2018;102(7):855–862. 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