ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2022-1-149-155ophthalmology-1784Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHМиопия: патогенез и современные методы контроля. Обзор литературыMyopia: Pathogenesis and Actual Methods of Control. Literature Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4981-0755МарковаЕ. Ю.MarkovaE. Yu.

Маркова Елена Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом микрохирургии и функциональной реабилитации глаза у детей

Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486

Markova Elena Yu., MD, Head of the Department of Microsurgery and functional rehabilitation of children`s eye

Beskudnikovsky blvd., 59A, Moscow, 127486

markova_ej@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-0459ИсабековР. С.IsabekovR. S.

Исабеков Руслан Сражудинович, врач-ординатор

Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486

Isabekov Ruslan S., resident doctor

Beskudnikovsky blvd., 59A, Moscow, 127486

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-8926АвакянцГ. В.AvakyantsG. V.

Авакянц Гоар Вардановна, врач-офтальмолог, аспирант

Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486

Avakyants Goar V., ophthalmologist, postgraduate

Beskudnikovsky blvd., 59A, Moscow, 127486

ЯхъяеваМ. М.Yаh"yaevaM. M.

Яхъяева Марьяна Магомедсаидовна, студентка

ул. Островитянова, 1, Москва, 117997

Yаh"yaeva Mar’yana M., student

Ostrovityanova str., 1, Moscow, 117997

ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFyodorov Eye Microsurgery InstitutionRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202208042022191149155Copyright © Маркова Е.Ю., Исабеков Р.С., Авакянц Г.В., Яхъяева М.М., 20222022Маркова Е.Ю., Исабеков Р.С., Авакянц Г.В., Яхъяева М.М.Markova E.Y., Isabekov R.S., Avakyants G.V., Yаh"yaeva M.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1784

В обзоре приведен анализ современных данных по распространенности, патогенезу и способам контроля прогрессирования миопии. Было выполнено библиографическое исследование научных публикаций в следующих базах данных: Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane, eLibrary. Анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы продемонстрировал высокую распространенность миопии во всем мире, значительное количество информации по патогенезу и способам замедления прогрессирования миопии. Все основные методы контроля миопии подразделяются на мероприятия, направленные на изменение образа жизни ребенка, медикаментозную терапию, оптическую коррекцию и хирургические способы. Наиболее дискутабельным остается вопрос хирургических методов контроля близорукости, в частности склеропластики и УФ-кросслинкинга склеры.

This literature review analyzed of current information about prevalence, pathogenesis and methods of controlling the progression of myopia. Bibliographic research of scientific publications was carried out in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane, eLibrary. Languages of publications: Russian and English. Analysis of Russian and foreign literature has demonstrated that the prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. All the main methods of controlling myopia are divided into measures aimed at changing the child’s lifestyle, drug therapy, optical correction and surgical methods. The most debatable issue remains the surgical methods of controlling myopia, in particular, posterior scleral reinforcement and UV-A-crosslinking of the sclera.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.