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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2022-3-482-488</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1910</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Узловая дегенерация Зальцмана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Salzmann’s Nodular Degeneration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-793X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии с клиникой имени профессора Ю.С. Астахова,</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor of the Ophthalmology department named after Yuriy S. Astakhov,</p><p>L’va Tolstogo str., 6–8, Saint-Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-1047</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рикс</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Riks</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры офтальмологии с клиникой имени профессора Ю.С. Астахова,</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant of the Ophthalmology department named after Yuriy S. Astakhov,</p><p>L’va Tolstogo str., 6–8, Saint-Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эзугбая</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezugbaya</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры офтальмологии с клиникой имени профессора Ю.С. Астахова,</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate of the Ophthalmology department named after Yuriy S. Astakhov,</p><p>L’va Tolstogo str., 6–8, Saint-Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Maggie-92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>482</fpage><lpage>488</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Труфанов С.В., Рикс И.А., Эзугбая М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Труфанов С.В., Рикс И.А., Эзугбая М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trufanov S.V., Riks I.A., Ezugbaya M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1910">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1910</self-uri><abstract><p>Узловая дегенерация Зальцмана — редкое невоспалительное медленно прогрессирующее дегенеративное заболевание роговицы, характеризующееся наличием голубовато-белых узелков, приподнятых над ее поверхностью. Чаще узелки расположены на средней периферии роговицы, могут распространяться в оптическую зону, иногда локализуются вдоль лимба. Узелки состоят из плотной неоднородной коллагеновой ткани с гиалинизацией, локализованы между эпителием и слоем Боумена. Могут проникать глубже в строму. Точный патофизиологический механизм поражения неясен. Считается, что он связан с нарушением структурной взаимосвязи эпителиальных клеток на фоне хронического воспаления глазной поверхности, что ведет к разрушению слоя Боумена, активации и миграции фибробластов кпереди и отложению дезорганизованного внеклеточного матрикса в субэпителиальных узелках. Клинически заболевание может проявляться раздражением и воспалением тканей глазной поверхности, сухостью или снижением зрения чаще из-за уплощения роговицы и астигматизма. В некоторых случаях образованная ткань может быть легко отделена от поверхности роговицы, оставляя слой Боумена почти не тронутым. При этом для «сглаживания» поверхности может потребоваться последующая фототерапевтическая кератэктомия. Рецидивы в этих глазах редки. В других ситуациях (часто с обширной периферической васкуляризацией) поражения захватывают передние слои стромы, удалить их, сохраняя гладкость роговицы, сложнее. Могут потребоваться неоднократные процедуры лазерной абляции, но при такой тактике имеется высокий риск рецидива. Возможно, для снижения риска прогрессирования заболевания необходимо лечение дисфункции мейбомиевых желез и синдрома сухого глаза, которые часто сопутствуют дегенерации Зальцмана. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Saltzman’s nodular degeneration is a rare, non-inflammatory, slowly progressive degenerative disease of the cornea characterized by bluish-white nodules elevated above the surface of the cornea. More often nodules are located in the mid periphery of the cornea, they can spread into the optical zone. Sometimes localize along the limbus. They consist of dense heterogeneous collagen tissue with hyalinization, localized between the epithelium and Bowman’s layer. Can penetrate deeper into the stroma. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of the lesion is unclear. It is considered that this condition is associated with a violation of the structural relationship of epithelial cells against the background of chronic inflammation of the ocular surface, which leads to the destruction of the Bowman’s layer, the activation and migration of fibroblasts anteriorly, and the deposition of a disorganized extracellular matrix in subepithelial nodules. Clinically, the disease can be manifested by irritation and inflammation of the ocular surface, dryness or decreased vision, more often due to flattening of the cornea and astigmatism. In some cases, the formed tissue can be easily separated from the corneal surface, leaving Bowman’s layer almost intact. In this case, a subsequent phototherapeutic keratectomy may be required to “smooth” the surface. Relapses in these eyes are rare. In other situations (often with extensive peripheral vascularization), the lesions involve the anterior stroma, making it more difficult to remove them while maintaining the smoothness of the cornea. Several laser ablation procedures may be required, but there is a high risk of recurrence with this approach. It may be necessary to treat the meibomian gland’ dysfunction and dry eye syndrome that often accompanies Saltzman’s degeneration to reduce the risk of disease progression. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>узелковая дегенерация Зальцмана</kwd><kwd>фототерапевтическая кератэктомия</kwd><kwd>кератопластика</kwd><kwd>заболевания роговицы</kwd><kwd>астигматизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Saltzmann’s nodular degeneration</kwd><kwd>phototherapeutic keratectomy</kwd><kwd>keratectomy</kwd><kwd>keratoplasty</kwd><kwd>corneal diseases</kwd><kwd>astigmatism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang R., Ching S.S.T. Corneal and conjunctival degenerations. In: Krachmer J.H., Mannis M.J., Holland E.J., eds. Cornea and External Disease: Fundamentals, Diagnosis and Management. Vol 1. 2nd ed. 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