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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2022-3-584-593</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1926</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности зрительных дисфункций у пациентов с первичным гипотиреозом и тиреотоксикозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of Visual Dysfunctions in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantseva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор,</p><p>ул. Маршала Новикова, 23, Москва, 123182;</p><p>Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor,</p><p>Marshal Novikov str., 23, Moscow, 123098;</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125310</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубилин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubilin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ул. Маршала Новикова, 23, Москва, 123182;</p><p>заведующий кафедрой, Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125310</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Marshal Novikov str., 23, Moscow, 123098;</p><p>head of Ophthalmology department, Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125310</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коростелёва</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korosteleva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог,</p><p>ул. Татарская, 33, Рязань, 390044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, ophthalmologist,</p><p>Tatarskaya str., 33, Ryazan, 390044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina---@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капкова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapkova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ул. Маршала Новикова, 23, Москва, 123182;</p><p>врач-офтальмолог, Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, ophthalmologist,</p><p>Marshal Novikov str., 23, Moscow, 123098;</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125310</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Выгодин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vygodin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior researcher,</p><p>Petroverigskii lane, 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
ФПК «Академия постдипломного образования» ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Federal Medical-Biological Agency;&#13;
Institute for Advanced Training of Federal Medical-Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Офтальмологическая клиника»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LTD Оphthalmology Cliniс</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Health and Research Center of Preventive Healthcare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>584</fpage><lpage>593</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лихванцева В.Г., Трубилин В.Н., Коростелёва Е.В., Капкова С.Г., Выгодин В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лихванцева В.Г., Трубилин В.Н., Коростелёва Е.В., Капкова С.Г., Выгодин В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Likhvantseva V.G., Trubilin V.N., Korosteleva E.V., Kapkova S.G., Vygodin V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1926">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1926</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить распространенность и характер зрительных дисфункций у больных первичным гипотиреозом и тиреотоксикозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Материалом для настоящего исследования стали результаты обследования 54 пациентов (108 глаз) с тиреоидной дисфункцией: 32 человека (64 глаза) с первичным нелеченым гипотиреозом и 22 человека (44 глаза) с первичным нелеченым тиреотоксикозом. Выполнены статическая автоматизированная периметрия и специализированная коротковолновая инфракрасная (сине-желтая) периметрия. Проанализировано среднесуммарное значение светочувствительности каждой (n = 74) тестируемой точки поля зрения, изучена топография расположения фокальных дефектов, оценена степень тяжести нарушений светочувствительности по совокупным признакам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлена достоверно высокая чувствительность (92,6 %) и специфичность (50,0 %) коротковолновой инфракрасной периметрии относительно статической автоматизированной периметрии. При тиреоидных дисфункциях распространенность оптической нейропатии достигает 93 % по данным коротковолновой инфракрасной периметрии против 7 % статической автоматизированной периметрии. Она проявляется диффузным снижением светочувствительности на синий стимул с нарастанием глубины депрессии от центра к периферии при обоих типах тиреоидных дисфункций. На этом фоне при первичном гипотиреозе появлялись фокальные дефекты в виде скотом 1-го порядка, а при первичном тиреотоксикозе — скотомы 2-го порядка. Скотомы располагались на периферии центрального поля зрения в 20–30° от точки фиксации. В анализируемых группах установлены высокие среднегрупповые показатели максимально корригируемой остроты зрения, что позволяет говорить о сохранности фотопического (колбочкового) компонента зрительного анализатора.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Паттерн нарушений светочувствительности, топография расположения локусов локальных дефектов, выявленных коротковолновой инфракрасной периметрией, свидетельствует о том, что наиболее ранние признаки оптической нейропатии проявляются на уровне фоторецепторов — селективно в колбочках-S. Снижение чувствительности на синий стимул (440 нм) относится к приобретенной цветоаномалии, именуемой тританопией, которая может присутствовать при высоких зрительных функциях, чаще всего ассоциируется со снижением количества колбочек-S и дефицитом ретинола (источник синтеза цианолаба). </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to study the prevalence and nature of visual dysfunctions in patients with primary hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The material for this study was the results of a survey of 54 patients (108 eyes) with thyroid dysfunctions: 32 people (64 eyes) with primary untreated hypothyroidism and 22 people (44 eyes) with primary untreated thyrotoxicosis. Static automated perimetry and dedicated shortwave infrared (blue-yellow) perimetry were performed. The average total value of the photosensitivity of each (n = 74) tested point of the field of view was analyzed, the topography of the location of focal defects was studied, and the severity of impairments to photosensitivity was assessed by aggregate signs.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Reliably high sensitivity (92.6 %) and specificity (50.0 %) of short-wave infrared perimetry in relation to static automated perimetry were revealed. In thyroid dysfunctions, the prevalence of optic neuropathy reaches 93 % according to the data of short-wave infrared perimetry versus 7 % of static automated perimetry. It is manifested by a diffuse decrease in light sensitivity to blue stimulus with an increase in the depth of depression from the center to the periphery in both types of thyroid dysfunction. Against this background, with primary hypothyroidism, focal defects appeared in the form of first-order scotomas, and with primary thyrotoxicosis, second-order scotomas. Scotomas were located at the periphery of the central visual field, 20–30° from the fixation point. In the analyzed groups, high average group indices of the maximum corrected visual acuity were established, which allows us to speak about the safety of the photopic (cone) component of the visual analyzer.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The pattern of photosensitivity disorders, the topography of the location of the loci of local defects revealed by the short-wave infrared perimetry, indicate that the earliest signs of optical neuropathy are manifested at the level of photoreceptors — selectively in the S-cones. Decreased sensitivity to blue stimulus (440 nm) refers to an acquired color anomaly called tritanopia; which can be present with high visual function, is most often associated with a decrease in the number of S-cones and a deficiency of retinol (the source of cyanolab synthesis). </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коротковолновая инфракрасная периметрия</kwd><kwd>первичный нелеченый гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>первичный нелеченый тиреотоксикоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shortwave infrared perimetry</kwd><kwd>primary untreated hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>primary untreated thyrotoxicosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith K.D., Tevaarwerk G.J, Allen L.H. An ocular dynamic study supporting the hypothesis that hypothyroidism is a treatable cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma. Can. J. 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