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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2014-4-4-9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Целевой уровень внутриглазного давления в оценке гипотензивной эффективности антиглаукомных операций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Target IOP as a measure of glaucoma surgery efficacy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">post@glaucomajournal.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НИИ глазных болезней» РАМН , Россолимо ул., 11 А, Б, Москва, 119021, Российская Федерация,</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 A,B, Rossolimo St., 119021 Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров С.Ю., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/199">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/199</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре дается описание критериев оценки эффективности гипотензивных вмешательств, из которых ведущим является уровень офтальмотонуса. Упоминая первые источники концепции толерантного давления, автор анализирует эволюцию взглядов на проблему переносимости офтальмотонуса и понятие целевого давления. Описаны индивидуальные нормативы внутриглазного давления и их роль в оценке результатов хирургии. Приведены классификации гипотензивного эффекта антиглаукомных операций, градации целевого давления, в зависимости от стадии нейропатии, и статистические правила изложения результатов исследований. Существующие разногласия привели Всемирную Глаукомную Ассоциацию (ВГА) в 2009 году к необходимости написания руководства по принципам проведения исследований по хирургии глауком, которые в настоящее время рекомендованы для выполнения современных работ. Оценка адекватного снижения офтальмотонуса стала краеугольным камнем этой работы, однако на основе анализа вышеуказанных исследований, приведены свои рекомендации. Предлагается 2 метода оценки эффективности операции, исходя из достижения условного целевого уровня Ро для каждой стадии заболевания: по уровню Ро и по снижению от исходного ВГД в процентах. Три последних десятилетия ознаменовались появлением новых малоинвазивных методов пролонгации гипотензивного эффекта вмешательства. К ним относят удаление ранее наложенных съемных швов на склеральный лоскут, лазерный сутуролизис склеральных швов (как съемных, так и постоянных), Nd:YAG-лазерная десцеметогониопунктура (для так называемых непроникающих вмешательств), нидлинг фильтрационной подушки и субсклерального пространства в ранние и поздние сроки после операции. Применение данных методик позволило существенно повысить отдаленный эффект операций до 96,7 %. Частота послеоперационных хирургических процедур или медикаментозного лечения становится первичным показателем исхода операций. В качестве вторичного показателя эффективности, в свою очередь, выбирают частоту полного и признанного успеха. За исходный уровень ВГД, так называемый «baseline», после серии дискуссий, был принят показатель офтальмотонуса на максимальной медикаментозной терапии в предоперационном периоде. Немаловажным критерием эффективности также является применение медикаментозной терапии. Следует указывать число применяемых действующих веществ (аналогов простагландинов, бета-блокаторов и т. д.). На трактовку результатов хирургии существенное влияние оказывает выбор статистического метода визуализации результатов. Обязательным минимумом считается представление гипотензивного эффекта с помощью анализа выживаемости Каплан-Мейера, диаграммы рассеяния и коробчатой диаграммы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There are numerous criteria of glaucoma surgery efficacy. Among them, IOP level is of special importance. The development of tolerant and target IOP concepts as well as IOP tolerability issue are reviewed below. Individual normal IOP values and their role in glaucoma surgery evaluation are described. The gradation of glaucoma surgery effect and target IOP level depending on optic nerve damage degree as well as statistical principles of scientific data presentation are discussed. Current controversies forced World Glaucoma Association (WGA) to develop Guidelines on Design &amp; Reporting Glaucoma Trials (2009) which are now recommended for modern studies. The assessment of appropriate IOP reduction is the keystone of this paper. In addition, the results of the above-mentioned studies were analyzed and own recommendations were developed. Two approaches to evaluate glaucoma surgery efficacy are proposed, i.e., by true IOP (P0) and by IOP decrease from baseline (in %). In the last three decades, novel micro-invasive techniques that prolong glaucoma surgery effect were developed. Among them are suture removal (which can be cut or pulled out), laser suture lysis, Nd:YAG laser goniopuncture following non-penetrating surgery, filtering bleb and sub-scleral space needling revision in the early and late postoperative period. These procedures significantly increased hypotensive effect in the late post-op period (up to 96.7 %). Repeated surgery rate and medical therapy need were the primary surgical outcome while complete and partial success rates were the secondary outcome. Baseline IOP was defined as an IOP level on maximum medical therapy pre-operatively. Medical therapy is an important efficacy criterion as well. The number of drugs used (prostaglandin analogues, beta blockers etc.) should be specified. When interpreting surgical outcomes, statistical methods must be considered. The required minimum is Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, scatter diagram, and box diagram.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>внутриглазное давление</kwd><kwd>целевое давление</kwd><kwd>медицинская этика</kwd><kwd>исследование.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>intraocular pressure</kwd><kwd>target IOP</kwd><kwd>medical ethics</kwd><kwd>study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chandler PA. Long-term results in glaucoma therapy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1960; 49: 221‑246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chandler PA. Long-term results in glaucoma therapy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1960; 49: 221‑246.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh K., Spaeth G., Zimmerman T., Minckler D. 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