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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2022-4-835-840</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-1994</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультифункциональный белок альфа2-макроглобулин в слезной жидкости и сыворотке крови при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multifunctional Protein Alpha2-Macroglobulin in Tear Fluid and Blood Serum of Patients with Glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7856-8005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеснокова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chesnokova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор биологических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела патофизиологии и биохимии</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Biol. Sci., Professor, leading research officer of the Pathophysiology andbiochemistry department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nchesnokova2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, и.о. начальника отдела патофизиологии и биохимии</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior research officer of the Pathophysiology and biochemistry department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7557-4955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безнос</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beznos</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> научный сотрудник отдела патофизиологии и биохимии</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, research officer of the Pathophysiology and biochemistry department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-0464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, начальник отдела глаукомы</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, head of the Glaucoma department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бессмертный</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bessmertny</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-4537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела глаукомы</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior research officer at the Glaucoma department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая офтальмологическим отделением</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, head of the Ophthalmology department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4675-9648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котелин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotelin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант отдела глаукомы</p><p>ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate at the Glaucoma department</p><p>Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>835</fpage><lpage>840</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чеснокова Н.Б., Павленко Т.А., Безнос О.В., Петров С.Ю., Бессмертный А.М., Филиппова О.М., Калинина О.М., Котелин В.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чеснокова Н.Б., Павленко Т.А., Безнос О.В., Петров С.Ю., Бессмертный А.М., Филиппова О.М., Калинина О.М., Котелин В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chesnokova N.B., Pavlenko T.A., Beznos O.V., Petrov S.Y., Bessmertny A.M., Filippova O.M., Kalinina O.M., Kotelin V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1994">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/1994</self-uri><abstract><p>В связи с многообразием функций α2-макроглобулина (α2-МГ) предполагается несколько механизмов его участия в патогенезе оптической нейропатии при глаукоме, в том числе в нейровоспалении, отложении амилоидных белков, нейротоксическом воздействии. При глаукоме повышено содержание α2-МГ в водянистой влаге, но неизвестно его содержание в слезе и в крови.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определение активности α2-МГ в слезной жидкости (СЖ) и сыворотке крови (СК) у больных глаукомой для расширения понимания участия α2-МГ в патогенезе глаукомы и оценки информативности его определения в этих биологических жидкостях для характеристики глаукомного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование включен 21 пациент с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой (ПОУГ), в том числе с наличием псевдоэксфолиативного синдрома (ПЭС), и 17 человек с начальной возрастной катарактой без иной офтальмопатологии. Определение активности α2-МГ в СЖ и СК проводили ферментативным методом с использованием N-бензоил-DL-аргинин-п-нитроанилида (БАПНА) в качестве субстрата.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В СЖ всех обследованных лиц активность α2-МГ в СЖ была практически в 20 раз ниже, чем в СК: в группе контроля активность в СЖ — 4,66 ± 0,27 нмоль/мин×мл, СК — 92,35 ± 5,44 нмоль/мин×мл. Средняя активность α2-МГ у больных глаукомой повышалась на 54 % в СЖ (р &lt; 0,008) и на 35 % в СК (р &lt; 0,05). Обнаружено, что у больных псевдоэксфолиативной глаукомой (ПЭГ) отсутствует повышение активности α2-МГ в СЖ и СК. У пациентов с ПОУГ без ПЭС уровень α2-МГ в СЖ повышен по сравнению с контролем более значительно (в 2 раза), чем в СК (на 67 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Обнаружено увеличение активности α2-МГ в СЖ и СК у больных с ПОУГ и отсутствие изменения его уровня при ПЭГ, что указывает на различие патомеханизмов, приводящих к этим видам глаукомы. Возможно, увеличение активности α2-МГ в СЖ и СК может быть фактором риска развития глаукомы, не связанной с ПЭС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alpha2-macroglobulin (α2-MG) is a multifunctional glycoprotein. Due to the variety of its functions there can be several ways of its involvement in the pathogenesis of the glaucomatous optic neuropathy, including neuroinflammation, amyloid deposition, neurotoxicity. It is known that α2-MG level in aqueous humor is increased in glaucoma but there is scant information about its concentration in blood and tear fluid.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To determine the α2-MG activity in tear fluid and blood serum of glaucoma patients to broaden of understanding of its role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and to estimate its informativity for the characterization of the disease clinical course.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Tear fluid was collected from 21 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 17 healthy adults. Activity of α2-MG was measured enzymatically with BAPNA as a substrate.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Activity of α2-MG in tears was 20 times lower than in blood serum. In healthy controls it was 4.66 ± 0.27 nmol / min×ml in tears and 92.35 ± 5.44 nmol / min×ml in blood. Totally in glaucoma patients it was 54 % higher than in controls in tears (р &lt; 0.008), and 35 % higher in blood (р &lt; 0.05). Particularly patients without pseudoexfoliative syndrome showed a significant α2-MG activity increase in tears (2 times) while in serum it was 67 % higher than in controls. In patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma α2-MG activity was not increased in tears nor in blood.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Primary open-angle glaucoma without pseudoexfoliative syndrome cause the increase of α2-MG activity in tears and in blood in contrast with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. This fact indicates that pathogenetic ways of these types of glaucoma are different. The increased α2-MG activity may be the risk factor for the development of glaucoma without pseudoexfoliative syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>альфа2-макроглобулин</kwd><kwd>слезная жидкость</kwd><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>псевдоэксфолиативный синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alpha2-macroglobulin</kwd><kwd>tear fluid</kwd><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd><kwd>pseudoexfoliative syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tham Y.C., Li X., Wong T. Y., Quigley H.A., Aung T., Cheng C.Y. 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