ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2023-1-17-23ophthalmology-2037Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSБактериальный кератит. Часть 1. Эпидемиология, этиология, патофизиология, факторы риска, клиника, актуальные аспекты диагностикиBacterial Keratitis. Part 1. Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Clinic, Current Aspects of DiagnosisШиловскихО. В.ShilovskikhO. V.

Шиловских Олег Владимирович - кандидат медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург, главный внештатный офтальмолог Свердловской области, генеральный директор

ул. Академика Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149, Российская Федерация 

Shilovskikh Oleg V. - PhD, ophthalmic surgeon, chief freelance ophthalmologist of the Sverdlovsk region, general director 

 Academician Bardin str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149, Russia 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-9610ПономаревВ. О.PonomarevV. O.

Пономарев Вячеслав Олегович - кандидат медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург, заместитель генерального директора по научно‑клинической работе

ул. Академика Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149, Российская Федерация

Ponomarev Vyacheslav O. - PhD, ophthalmic surgeon, deputy general director for scientific and clinical work 

 Academician Bardin str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149, Russia 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-5906КазайкинВ. Н.KazaykinV. N.

Казайкин Виктор Николаевич - доктор медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург, ведущий научный  сотрудник

ул. Академика Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149, Российская Федерация

Kazaykin Viktor N. - MD, ophthalmic surgeon, leading researcher 

 Academician Bardin str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149, Russia 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-9364ТкаченкоК. А.TkachenkoK. A.

Ткаченко Константин Андреевич - врач‑офтальмолог

ул. Академика Бардина 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149, Российская Федерация

Tkachenko Konstantin A. - ophthalmologist 

 Academician Bardin str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149, Russia 

kostyatka1996@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-2168ДемченкоН. С.DemchenkoN. S.

Демченко Надежда Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики

ул. Академика Бардина 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149, Российская Федерация

 Demchenko Nadezhda S. - PhD, doctor of Clinical laboratory diagnostics 

 Academician Bardin str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149, Russia 

АО «Екатеринбургский центр МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза”» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияEye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg CenterRussian Federation2023030420232011723Copyright © Шиловских О.В., Пономарев В.О., Казайкин В.Н., Ткаченко К.А., Демченко Н.С., 20232023Шиловских О.В., Пономарев В.О., Казайкин В.Н., Ткаченко К.А., Демченко Н.С.Shilovskikh O.V., Ponomarev V.O., Kazaykin V.N., Tkachenko K.A., Demchenko N.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2037

Бактериальный кератит (БК) является актуальной проблемой в офтальмологии, представляя собой угрожающее состояние для анатомии и функции глазного яблока. Заболевание имеет широкое распространение и существенно варьирует в зависимости от географического региона, даже в пределах одной страны. Клиника БК известна, изучена достаточно подробно, но в реальной практике зачастую вызывает значительные трудности в диагностике, поскольку она во многом напоминает клинику кератитов другой этиологии. Существенную роль в дифференциальной диагностике этих заболеваний играют лабораторные исследования, которые далеко не всегда доступны и просты в исполнении и реализации. Результаты бактериологического анализа поступают через определенный период, что может быть критично для определения правильной тактики лечения, но, тем не менее, та информация, которую удается получить о микробе и его чувствительности к антибактериальным препаратам, позволяет лучше справляться с инфекционным процессом. Разработка и внедрение в современную клиническую практику новых лабораторных методов исследования весьма актуальны и могли бы упростить и ускорить диагностику заболевания, а вместе с этим повысить эффективность лечения.

Bacterial keratitis is an urgent problem in ophthalmology, representing a threatening condition for the anatomy and function of the eyeball. The disease is widespread and varies significantly depending on the geographical region, even within the same country. The BC clinic is well-known, has been studied in sufficient detail, but in real practice it often causes significant difficulties in diagnosis, since it largely resembles a keratitis clinic of another etiology. A significant role in the differential diagnosis of these diseases is played by laboratory tests, which are not always available and easy to perform and implement. The results of the bacteriological analysis have a delayed period, which may be critical for determining the correct treatment tactics, but, nevertheless, the information that can be obtained about the microbe and its sensitivity to ABP makes it possible to better cope with the infectious process. The development and introduction of new laboratory research methods into modern clinical practice is very relevant, could simplify and speed up the diagnosis of the disease, and with it increase the effectiveness of its treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.