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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2023-4-593-600</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Грибковый кератит. Часть 2. Диагностика и лечение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fungal Keratitis. Part 2. Diagnosis and Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-8266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиловских</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilovskikh</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиловских Олег Владимирович кандидат, медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург, главный внештатный офтальмолог Свердловской области, генеральный директор ул. Академика Бардина</p><p>4а, Екатеринбург, 620149</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shilovskikh Oleg V. PhD, ophthalmic surgeon, chief freelance ophthalmologist of the Sverdlovsk region, general director</p><p>Academika Bardina str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-9610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономарев Вячеслав Олегович, кандидат медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург, заместитель генерального директора по научно-клинической работе</p><p>ул. Академика Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ponomarev Vyacheslav O. PhD, ophthalmic surgeon, deputy general director for scientific and clinical work</p><p>Academika Bardina str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-3870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеев Владимир Леонидович, врач-офтальмохирург</p><p>ул. Академика Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofeev Vladimir L. ophthalmic surgeon</p><p>Academika Bardina str., 4A, Yekaterinburg, 620149</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Екатеринбургский центр МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза”»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>593</fpage><lpage>600</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шиловских О.В., Пономарев В.О., Тимофеев В.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шиловских О.В., Пономарев В.О., Тимофеев В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shilovskikh O.V., Ponomarev V.O., Timofeev V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2226">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2226</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема диагностики и лечения грибковых кератитов (ГК) стоит очень остро. Часто из-за медленного развития клинических проявлений и отсутствия выраженных патогномоничных признаков этого заболевания характерно позднее начало введения адекватной этиотропной терапии. Зачастую это приводит к развитию крупных дефектов роговицы, требующих хирургического вмешательства. Методы диагностики разделяются на инвазивные и неинвазивные. К инвазивным методикам можно отнести исследование соскоба с поверхности роговицы из места изъязвления, биоптата стромы роговицы или влаги передней камеры с помощью микроскопического, культурального метода или полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР). К неинвазивным методикам относятся конфокальная микроскопия и оптическая когерентная томография переднего отрезка глаза, которые позволяют динамически отслеживать течение патологического процесса и ответ на проводимую терапию. Перспективными методиками также являются обнаружение (1,3)-β-D-глюканов в слезе, возбудителя с помощью MALDI-TOF MS. «Золотым стандартом» лечения ГК в мире является местное применение 5 % Натамицина (одобрен FDA, однако в России недоступен). Широкое применение имеют Флуконазол, Вориконазол и Амфотерицин Б, доступные в России, но их местное применение возможно только в формате off label. При наличии гипопиона или увеличении размера и глубины инфильтрата, несмотря на проводимое лечение, требуется немедленное проведение хирургического лечения для сохранения целостности глазного яблока. К такому лечению относятся сквозная кератопластика, передняя послойная кератопластика, трансплантация амниотической мембраны, наложение конъюнктивальных лоскутов, проведение кросслинкинга роговичного коллагена (с недоказанной эффективностью) и применение аргонового лазера. Перспективным методом лечения ГК может стать применение квантовых точек Ag(10 %):InP/ZnS MPA в качестве монотерапии либо в составе биоконъюгата с известными противогрибковыми препаратами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of diagnosis and treatment of fungal keratitis (FK) is very acute. Due to the slow development of clinical features and the absence of clear pathognomonic signs, this disease is characterized by a late start of the introduction of adequate etiotropic therapy. Often this leads to the development of large corneal defects requiring surgical intervention. Diagnostic methods are divided into invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods include the study of scrapings from the surface of the cornea from the site of ulceration, biopsy of the corneal stroma or moisture of the anterior chamber using microscopic, cultural methods or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Non-invasive techniques include confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment. They allow you to dynamically monitor the course of the pathological process and the response to ongoing therapy. Promising methods are also the detection of (1,3)-β-D-glucans in tears, the detection of the pathogen using MALDI-TOF MS. The gold standard for the treatment of FK in the world is the topical application of 5 % Natamycin (approved by the FDA, but not available in Russia). Fluconazole, Voriconazole and Amphotericin B, available in Russia, are also widely used, but their topical use is possible only in off label format. In the presence of hypopyon or an increase in the size and depth of the infiltrate, despite ongoing treatment, immediate surgical treatment is required in order to preserve the integrity of the eyeball. Such treatments include penetrating keratoplasty, anterior lamellar keratoplasty, amniotic membrane transplantation, conjunctival flaps, corneal collagen cross-linking (with unproven efficacy), and argon laser. A promising method for the treatment of FK can be the use of Ag(10 %):InP/ZnS MPA quantum dots as monotherapy or as a bioconjugate with known antifungal drugs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грибковый кератит</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>конфокальная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>натамицин</kwd><kwd>вориконазол</kwd><kwd>амфотерицин Б</kwd><kwd>квантовые точки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fungal keratitis</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>confocal microscopy</kwd><kwd>natamycin</kwd><kwd>voriconazole</kwd><kwd>amphotericin B</kwd><kwd>quantum dots</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalmon C, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Prajna NV, Prajna L, Das MR, Kumar JA, Mascarenhas J, Margolis TP, Whitcher JP, Jeng BH, Keenan JD, Chan MF, McLeod SD, Acharya NR. 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