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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2024-1-145-151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2304</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы, ассоциированные со степенью миопии у студентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors Associated with the Myopia Degree in Students</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-8992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотников Денис Юрьевич — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией интегративной эпидемиологии Центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории, врач-офтальмолог</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Plotnikov Denis Yu. — PhD, head of the Laboratory of integrative epidemiology of the Central research laboratory, ophthalmologist</p><p>Butlerova str., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis.plotnikov@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-6911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аглиуллина</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agliullina</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аглиуллина Саида Тахировна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины, врач-эпидемиолог</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Agliullina Saida T. — PhD, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and EBM department, epidemiologist</p><p>Butlerova str., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-294X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красильникова</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasilnikova</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красильникова Дарья Дмитриевна — ординатор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasilnikova Daria D. — resident of Ophthalmology department</p><p>Butlerova str., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Плотников Д.Ю., Аглиуллина С.Т., Красильникова Д.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плотников Д.Ю., Аглиуллина С.Т., Красильникова Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Plotnikov D.Y., Agliullina S.T., Krasilnikova D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2304">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2304</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: установить наиболее значимые факторы, ассоциированные с миопической рефракцией у студентов медицинского вуза, которые можно использовать как маркеры раннего прогнозирования и предотвращения развития миопии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использовались данные анкетирования студентов 1–6-го курсов различных факультетов Казанского государственного медицинского университета и сведения о рефракции глаз пациентов, полученные из данных «Медицинской карты пациента, получающего медицинскую помощь в амбулаторных условиях» (учетная форма № 025/у). Рефракция глаза у каждого из участников рассчитывалась как среднее значение сфероэквивалента правого и левого глаз.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По данным осмотра офтальмолога близорукость была выявлена у 219 (69 %) опрошенных студентов. Слабую степень миопии имеют 134 (42 %) студента, среднюю степень миопии — 66 (21 %), высокую степень — 19 (6 %). Среди миопов очки носят 73 % студентов (160/219), контактные линзы — 41 % респондентов (90/219). Медиана возраста начала ношения очков составила 13 лет (Q1–Q3 = 10–26). Медиана рефракции правого глаза (дптр) составила -2,50 (Q1–Q3 = -1,5…-4,0), левого глаза -2,75 (Q1–Q3 = -1,6…-4,0). Ранний возраст начала ношения очков является фактором, наиболее значимо ассоциированным с миопической рефракцией (+0,23 дптр/год, p = 1,30×10-11), и важным прогностическим признаком развития миопии высокой степени. Факторами, ассоциированными с более сильной миопической рефракцией, являются высокий рост и низкий вес, а также меньшая физическая активность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Необходимо учитывать антропометрические и поведенческие особенности пациента при разработке индивидуального плана профилактики и лечения миопии во избежание развития осложнений, ведущих к потере зрения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to identify the most significant factors associated with myopic refraction in medical university students, which can be used for early prediction and prevention of myopia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The survey data of students of 1–6 courses of Kazan State Medical University and the data on refraction of patients’ eyes obtained from the “Medical record of a patient receiving medical care on an outpatient basis” (registration form No. 025/y) were used. The refraction of the eye in each of the participants was calculated as the average value of the spherical equivalent of the right and left eyes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the ophthalmologist’s examination, myopia was detected in 219 (69 %) of the surveyed students. 134 (42 %) students had mild myopia, 66 (21 %) had moderate myopia, 19 (6 %) were highly myopic. Among myopes, 73 % of students wear glasses (160/219), contact lenses — 41 % of respondents (90/219). The median age of onset of spectacle wear was 13 years (Q1–Q3 = 10–26). The median refraction of the right eye (D) was -2.50 D (Q1–Q3 = -1.5…-4.0), the left eye -2.75 D (Q1–Q3 = -1.6…-4.0). The early age of onset of spectacle wear is the factor most significantly associated with myopic refraction (+0.23 D/year, p = 1.30×10-11), and an important prognostic sign of the development of high myopia. Factors associated with stronger myopic refraction are high height and low weight, as well as less physical activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is necessary to take into account the anthropometric and behavioral features of the patient when developing an individual plan for the prevention and treatment of myopia, in order to avoid the development of complications leading to vision loss.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>степень миопии</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>студенты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>degree of myopia</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>students</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams KM, Bertelsen G, Cumberland P. Increasing Prevalence of Myopia in Europe and the Impact of Education. Ophthalmology. 2015;122(7):1489–1497. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams KM, Bertelsen G, Cumberland P. 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