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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2024-1-193-204</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2311</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ЕXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-иммунологический анализ трансплантации ретинального пигментного эпителия, полученного из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток, в условиях фармакологической иммуносупрессии у кроликов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Immunological Analysis of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Transplantation Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells under Pharmacological Immunosuppression in Rabbits</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1038-2746</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нероева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neroeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нероева Наталия Владимировна — кандидат медицинских наук, врач отделения патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neroeva Natalia V. — PhD, ophthalmologist of Retinal and optic nerve pathology department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8007-6643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балацкая</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balatskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балацкая Наталья Владимировна — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, начальник отдела иммунологии и вирусологии</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Balatskaya Natalya V. — PhD (Biology), leading researcher, head of the Immunology and virology Department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-8724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бриллиантова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brilliantova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бриллиантова Ангелина Грантовна — аспирант отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва </p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brilliantova Angelina G. — postgraduate student of Retinal and optic nerve pathology department</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angelinabrilliantova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-0374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катаргина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katargina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Катаргина Людмила Анатольевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник отдела патологии глаз у детей, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Katargina Ludmila A. — MD, Professor, head of the Eye pathology in children department, deputy director</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1420-1164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharitonov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харитонов Анатолий Евгеньевич— младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной биологии</p><p>ул. Малая Пироговская, 1а, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kharitonov Anatoly E. — junior research associate of the Laboratory of cell biology</p><p>Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагарькова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagarkova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лагарькова Мария Андреевна — член-корреспондент РАН, доктор биологических наук, генеральный директор</p><p>ул. Малая Пироговская, 1а, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lagarkova Maria A. — Academician of Russian Academy of Science, MD, Director</p><p>Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-1984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомазова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomazova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богомазова Александра Никитична — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Малая Пироговская, 1а, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bogomazova Alexandra N. — PhD (Biology), leading researcher</p><p>Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Eye Diseases Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины имени академика Ю.М. Лопухина» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>193</fpage><lpage>204</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нероева Н.В., Балацкая Н.В., Бриллиантова А.Г., Катаргина Л.А., Харитонов А.Е., Лагарькова М.А., Богомазова А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нероева Н.В., Балацкая Н.В., Бриллиантова А.Г., Катаргина Л.А., Харитонов А.Е., Лагарькова М.А., Богомазова А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neroeva N.V., Balatskaya N.V., Brilliantova A.G., Katargina L.A., Kharitonov A.E., Lagarkova M.A., Bogomazova A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2311">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2311</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование исследования</title><p>Обоснование исследования. Дегенеративные заболевания сетчатки, связанные с повреждением ретинального пигментного эпителия, не имеют лечения и приводят к необратимой потере зрения. Наиболее перспективным подходом в настоящее время считается трансплантация ретинального пигментного эпителия, дифференцированного из плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ПСК-РПЭ). При испытании биомедицинских клеточных продуктов особые требования предъявляются к модели, которая должна имитировать патологические изменения, подобные таковым у человека, обладать достаточной иммунологической толерантностью к ксеногенным человеческим клеткам и позволять им полноценно функционировать. С этой целью используются линии иммуномодифицированных или иммунодефицитных животных, как правило, мелких грызунов (крыс и мышей), однако малый размер и особенности строения их глаз не позволяют осуществлять манипуляции, выполняемые при витреоретинальных вмешательствах у человека. Альтернативным способом предотвращения реакции отторжения ксенотрансплантата у крупных моделей представляется фармакологическая иммуносупрессия, в условиях которой трансплантированные ПСК-РПЭ могут проявить свое биологическое действие. Однако целенаправленные исследования эффективности трансплантации ПСК-РПЭ с применением иммуносупрессивной терапии в нашей стране не проводились, а данные немногочисленных зарубежных работ, посвященных этой проблеме, противоречивы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение иммунологической реактивности при трансплантации ИПСК-РПЭ в условиях комбинированной иммуносупрессивной терапии в эксперименте на кроликах.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 27 кроликах-самцах породы новозеландский альбинос, из них 24 животным проведена субретинальная трансплантация индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток ретинального пигментного эпителия: в I группе (12 глаз) вмешательство выполнялось в здоровый глаз; во II группе (12 глаз) — в область предварительно моделированной атрофии ретинального пигментного эпителия. Реципиенты получали комбинированную иммуносупрессивную терапию. Группой контроля служили 3 интактных кролика (6 глаз). Сроки наблюдения составили 14, 28 и 60 суток. Оценку посттрансплантационного процесса проводили с помощью стандартных и специализированных офтальмологических методов обследования. Определение цитокинов иммунного ответа IL-2, IL-6, иммуносупрессивных факторов TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TSP-1 в сыворотке крови и стекловидном теле выполняли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Комплексный анализ данных биомикроскопии, офтальмоскопии, оптической когерентной томографии, иммунологических исследований не выявил признаков активного воспаления; отсутствие локального и системного повышения концентрации острофазного IL-6, падение уровня IL-2 в сыворотке крови указывали на прямые эффекты используемой в настоящем исследовании комбинации иммуносупрессивных препаратов</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение комбинированной иммуносупрессивной терапии позволило предотвратить отторжение ксеногенного материала у кроликов и получить доказательства безопасности субретинальной трансплантации суспензии ИПСК-РПЭ как в здоровом глазу, так и в глазу с предварительно индуцированной атрофией пигментного эпителия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>justification</title><p>justification. Degenerative retinal diseases associated with retinal pigment epithelium damage are untreated and lead to irreversible vision loss. The most promising approach nowadays is considered to be the transplantation of retinal pigment epithelium differentiated from pluripotent stem cells (PSC-RPE). When testing biomedical cellular products, special requirements are placed on the animal model, which should simulate pathological changes, such as in humans, and have sufficient immunological tolerance to xenogenic human cells, enabling them to function fully. For this purpose, lines of immuno-modified or immunodeficiency animals are used, usually small rodents (rats and mice), but the small size and structure of their eyes do not allow manipulation in vitreoretinal interventions in humans. An alternative method of preventing xenotransplantation rejection in large models is pharmacological immunosuppression, under which transplanted PSC-RPE may have biological effects. However, targeted studies of the effectiveness of PSC-RPE transplantation with use of immunosuppressive therapy have not been conducted in our country, and the data of a few foreign works devoted to this problem are contraversial.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Study of immunological reactivity in transplantation of IPSC-RPE under combined immunosuppressive therapy in rabbit experiment.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed on 27 male rabbits of New Zealand albino breed, of which 24 animals underwent subretinal transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cells of retinal pigment epithelium: in the I group (12 eyes) intervention was performed in the healthy eye; in group II (12 eyes) — in the area of pre-modeled atrophy of retinal pigment epithelium. Recipients were given combined immunosuppressive therapy. Control Group — 3 intact rabbits (6 eyes). The observation period was 14, 28 and 60 days. Post-transplant evaluation was carried out using standard and specialized ophthalmological examination methods. The determination of cytokines of the immune response IL-2, IL-6, immunosuppressive factors TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TSP-1 in the serum of the blood and the vitreous body was performed by solid-phase immunosurgical enzyme analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Comprehensive analysis of biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, optical coherent tomography, immunological studies revealed no signs of active inflammation; no local and systemic increase in the concentration of acute phase IL-6, a drop in serum IL-2 levels indicated direct effects of immunosuppressive drug combinations used in this study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of combined immunosuppressive therapy prevented rejection of xenogenic material in rabbits and obtained evidence of safety of subretinal transplantation of IPSC-RPE suspension both in the healthy eye, and pre-induced atrophy of pigmentary epithelium.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретинальный пигментный эпителий</kwd><kwd>атрофия</kwd><kwd>индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd><kwd>иммунореактивность</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinal pigment epithelium</kwd><kwd>atrophy</kwd><kwd>induced pluripotent stem cells</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd><kwd>immunoreactivity</kwd><kwd>cytokine</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong WL, Su X, Li X, Cheung CM, Klein R, Cheng CY, Wong TY. 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