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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2024-3-456-463</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2418</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные аспекты катарактальной хирурги с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Aspects of Cataract Surgery from the Standpoint of the Medical and Social Health Model. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нероев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neroev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нероев Владимир Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор, академик РАН, заслуженный врач РФ, заслуженный деятель науки РФ.</p><p>Ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neroev Vladimir V. - MD, Professor, director, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Sadovaya‑Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овечкин</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovechkin</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овечкин Николай Игоревич - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий операционным блоком</p><p>Ул. Садовая‑Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ovechkin Nikolai I. - PhD, head of the operating unit</p><p>Sadovaya‑Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>456</fpage><lpage>463</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нероев В.В., Овечкин Н.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нероев В.В., Овечкин Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neroev V.V., Ovechkin N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2418">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2418</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: анализ современных аспектов катарактальной хирургии с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Анализ литературных данных выполнен в базах данных «RSCI» и «PubMed» по следующим ключевым словам: «Медицинская модель здоровья», «Медико-социальная модель здоровья», «Факоэмульсификация катаракты» (ФЭК), «Качество жизни» (КЖ), «Расчет интраокулярных линз» (ИОЛ), «Зрительно-напряженный труд», «Офтальмо-эргономика». Продолжительность основного ретроспективного анализа составила 8 лет (2017–2023 гг.) с цитированием (при необходимости) отдельных более ранних источников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам анализа определены следующие основные современные аспекты катарактальной хирургии с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья: исследование КЖ; оценка офтальмо-эргономических показателей; медико-психологические аспекты (коррекция послеоперационного болевого синдрома и синдрома сухого глаза, нейроадаптации после имплантации, в первую очередь при использовании трифокальных ИОЛ, уровня тревожности пациента).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В настоящее время процедура ФЭК практически полностью оптимизирована с технической точки зрения. В связи с этим рассмотрение эффективности ФЭК с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья представляется актуальным, так как основной задачей данной модели является полная интеграция индивида в общество. Базовым показателем, отображающим клиническую эффективность проведения ФЭК с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья, является КЖ. В этом направлении практическое применение методики оценки КЖ «ФЭК-22» обеспечивает повышение уровня клинико-диагностического исследования в рамках хирургии катаракты при решении ряда актуальных задач: сравнительной оценки ИОЛ, исследования эффективности методов послеоперационной реабилитации пациентов, выбора оптимальной формулы расчета ИОЛ. Кроме того, с позиции медико-социальной модели здоровья целесообразно дальнейшее совершенствование офтальмо-эргономических показателей зрительной системы и медико-психологических аспектов, связанных с пациентом. В конечном счете, разработка комплексной системы мероприятий по повышению клинико-диагностической эффективности ФЭК, основанной на медико-социальной модели здоровья, обеспечит повышение уровня оказания офтальмологической помощи и продление профессионального долголетия пациентов (особенно лицам ЗНТ) с катарактой.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Analysis of modern aspects of cataract surgery from the standpoint of the medical and social model of health.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The analysis of literary data was performed in the RSCI and PubMed databases using the following keywords: “Medical model of health”, “Medical and social model of health”, “Phacoemulsification of cataracts” (PCE), “Quality of life” (QOL), “Calculation of intraocular lenses” (IOL), “Visually intense work”, “Ophthalmo-ergonomics”. The duration of the main retrospective analysis was 8 years (2017–2023) with citation (if necessary) of individual earlier sources.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Based on the analysis, the following main modern aspects of cataract surgery were identified from the standpoint of the medical and social model of health: QOL study; assessment of ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators; medical and psychological aspects (correction of postoperative pain syndrome and dry eye syndrome, neuroadaptation after implantation, primarily trifocal IOLs, patient anxiety level).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Currently, the PCE procedure is almost completely optimized from a technical point of view. In this regard, consideration of the PCE effectiveness from the standpoint of the medical and social model of health seems relevant, since the main task of this model is the complete integration of an individual into society. The basic indicator reflecting the clinical effectiveness of PCE from the standpoint of the medical and social model of health is QOL. In this direction, the practical application of the «FEC-22» QOL assessment technique will ensure an increase in the level of clinical diagnostic research in cataract surgery when solving a number of urgent problems — comparative evaluation of IOLs, study of the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation methods for patients, selection of the optimal formula for calculating IOLs. In addition, from the standpoint of the medical and social model of health, further improvement of the ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators of the visual system and medical and psychological aspects associated with the patient is advisable. Ultimately, the development of a comprehensive system of measures to improve the clinical and diagnostic effectiveness of phacoemulsification based on the medical and social model of health will improve the level of ophthalmological care and prolong the professional longevity of patients (especially those with visual impairment) with cataracts.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>факоэмульсификация катаракты</kwd><kwd>«качество жизни»</kwd><kwd>зрительно-напряженный труд</kwd><kwd>офтальмо-эргономика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cataract phacoemulsification</kwd><kwd>“quality of life”</kwd><kwd>visually-intense work</kwd><kwd>ophthalmo-ergonomics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoo SH, Zein M. 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