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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2024-4-658-667</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2487</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тактика хирургического лечения осложненной катаракты у пациентов с аметропией высоких степеней. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical Treatment of Complicated Cataract in Patients with High-Grade Ametropia (Literature Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-0772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryeva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Юлия Валериевна, аспирант</p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigoryeva Yulia V. postgraduate</p><p>Beskudnikovsky Blvd, 59А, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prostoboss2202@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5085-6788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копаев</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopaev</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Копаев Сергей Юрьевич, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделом лазернойрефракционной хирургии</p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kopaev Sergey Yu., MD, ophthalmologist, professor, head of the department of lens surgeryand intraocular correction</p><p>Beskudnikovsky Blvd, 59А, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-7962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мясникова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myasnikova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мясникова Виктория Владимировна, доктор медицинских. наук, доцент, заведующая отделением анестезиологии реаниматологии доцент кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Митрофана Седина, 4, Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Myasnikova Victoria V., MD, head of the anaesthesiology and reanimation department</p><p>Mitrofana Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Краснодарский филиал ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnodar branch of the S. N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>658</fpage><lpage>667</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева Ю.В., Копаев С.Ю., Мясникова В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева Ю.В., Копаев С.Ю., Мясникова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryeva Y.V., Kopaev S.Y., Myasnikova V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2487">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2487</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведение факоэмульсификации на глазах с сопутствующей патологией — аметропией крайней степени требует индивидуального подхода ввиду особенностей переднезаднего размера глазного яблока и наличия сопутствующей патологии. Сложности возникают на этапах расчета переднезадней оси глаза, дооперационной диагностики, расчета оптической силы интраокулярной линзы, проведения факоэмульсификации и послеоперационного ведения. В дооперационном ведении пациентам с гиперметропией следует уделять внимание в отношении переднего отрезка глаза, угла передней камеры глаза, внутриглазного давления. Пациенты с миопией высокой степени требуют детального исследования глазного дна. Трудности в интраоперационном периоде у пациентов с короткой длиной глаза связаны с мелкой глубиной передней камеры, отсутствием пространства для манипуляций, пациенты с большой длиной глаза нуждаются в дополнительной анестезии для купирования болевых ощущений при наполнении глазного яблока ирригационной жидкостью. В послеоперационном периоде гиперметропам необходим контроль внутриглазного давления, миопам — офтальмоскопия глазного дна с проведением оптической когерентной томографии. Необходимо определять тактику лечения хирургии катаракты у пациентов с высокими степенями аметропии в соответствии с современными литературными данными. Для обзора были проанализированы источники информации, выявленные в базе PubMed, по ключевым словам «cataract», «high hyperopia», «high myopia» за период по 2023 год включительно. Анализ литературы показывает, что в последнее время все большее внимание уделяется проблеме аметропий высокой степени. Это связано с широким распространением, прогрессирующим течением заболевания, ранним развитием катаракты и других осложнений, существенно снижающих зрение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Carrying out phacoemulsification in eyes with concomitant pathology — extreme ametropia requires an individual approach due to the characteristics of the anteroposterior size of the eyeball and the presence of concomitant pathology. Difficulties arise at the stages of calculating the anterior-posterior axis of the eye, preoperative diagnosis, calculating the optical power of the intraocular lens, phacoemulsification and postoperative management. In the preoperative management of patients with hypermetropia, attention should be paid to the anterior eye segment, the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye, intraocular pressure; patients with high myopia require a detailed examination of the fundus. Difficulties in the intraoperative period in patients with short eye length are associated with the shallow depth of the anterior chamber, lack of space for manipulation; patients with long eyes require additional anesthesia to relieve pain when filling the eyeball with irrigation fluid. In the postoperative period, hyperopic patients need monitoring of intraocular pressure, myopic patients need fundus ophthalmoscopy with optical coherence tomography. To identify treatment tactics for cataract surgery in patients with high degrees of ametropia according to modern literature data. To perform the review, a search of literature sources was analyzed in the PubMed database using the keywords “cataract”, “high hyperopia”, “high myopia” and data from publications on the topic of the article for the period up to 2023 inclusive. The literature analysis has shown that recently more and more attention has been paid to the problem of high-grade ametropia. This is due to the widespread, progressive disease course, early cataracts development and other complications that significantly reduce vision.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперметропия высокой степени</kwd><kwd>миопия высокой степени</kwd><kwd>аметропии высоких степеней</kwd><kwd>осложненная катаракта</kwd><kwd>факоэмульсификация катаракты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high degree hypermetropia</kwd><kwd>high myopia</kwd><kwd>high degree ametropia</kwd><kwd>complicated cataract</kwd><kwd>cataract phacoemulsification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бранчевский СЛ, Малюгин БЭ. Распространенность нарушения зрения вследствие катаракты по данным исследования RAAB в Самаре. Офтальмохирургия. 2013;3:82–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Branchevskiy SL, Malyugin BE. 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