ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2024-4-668-673ophthalmology-2488Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSИзменения на глазном дне у больных острым лейкозом. У кого, когда и почему?Lesions in the Fundus of the Eye in Patients with Acute Leukemia. Who Has, When and Why?https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-0030МитинаТ. А.MitinaT. A.

Митина Татьяна Алексеевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110

Mitina Tatyana A., MD, Professor

Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5442-4499СеменихинаП. И.SemenikhinaP. I.

Семенихина Полина Ивановна, аспирант

ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110

Semenikhina Polina I., postgraduate

Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110

polysy1994@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-9136ГришинаЕ. Е.GrishinaE. E.

Гришина Елена Евгеньевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник

ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110

Grishina Elena E., MD, Professor, Chief Researcher

Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5304-874XХарасоваЗ. М.KharasovaZ. M.

Харазова Залина М., офтальмолог

ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110

Kharasova Zalina M., ophthalmologist

Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110

ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»РоссияMoscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”)Russian Federation202422122024214668673Copyright © Митина Т.А., Семенихина П.И., Гришина Е.Е., Харасова З.М., 20242024Митина Т.А., Семенихина П.И., Гришина Е.Е., Харасова З.М.Mitina T.A., Semenikhina P.I., Grishina E.E., Kharasova Z.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2488

Острые лейкозы являются грозным заболеванием, которое часто приводит к смерти пациента от основной болезни или последствий тяжелого химиотерапевтического лечения. На сегодняшний день известны многие прогностически неблагоприятные факторы, в том числе генетические и эпигенетические. Обзор посвящен прогностическому значению изменений на глазном дне у больных острыми лейкозами. Согласно различным литературным источникам офтальмологические проявления лейкозов могут наблюдаться в 9–90 % случаев. Данные получены из источников: eLIBRARY.RU, международная база PubMed, а также на электронных сайтах профильных научных журналов. Кровоизлияния сетчатки, согласно сведениям различных авторов, связаны с изменениями периферической крови. В настоящий момент нет единого мнения, является ли поражение глаза при острых лейкозах плохим прогностическим признаком. Связаны ли изменения в периферической крови с патологией на глазном дне. Неясно, в каком случае и у каких пациентов они могут свидетельствовать о неблагоприятном прогнозе. Есть ли взаимосвязь поражения глазного дна при острых лейкозах с уже известными генетическими и эпигенетическими неблагоприятными прогностическими факторами. Все эти нерешенные вопросы требуют дальнейшего детального исследования у пациентов с острыми лейкозами и изменениями на глазном дне.

Acute leukemia is a formidable disease that often leads to the death of the patient from the underlying disease or the consequences of severe chemotherapy treatment. Many prognostically unfavorable factors are known, including genetic and epigenetic ones. The review is devoted to the prognostic significance of changes in the fundus in patients with acute leukemia. According to various literature sources, ophthalmic manifestations of leukemia can be observed in 9-90% of cases. The data is obtained from the sources: eLibrary.RU, in the international PubMed database, as well as on the electronic websites of specialized scientific journals. Retinal hemorrhages, according to various authors, are associated with changes in peripheral blood. At the moment, there is no consensus on whether eye damage in acute leukemia is a bad prognostic sign. Are changes in peripheral blood related to pathologies on the fundus? It is not clear in which case, and in which patients, they may indicate an unfavorable prognosis. Is there a relationship between fundus lesions in acute leukemia and already known genetic and epigenetic adverse prognostic factors? All these unresolved issues require further detailed research of patients with acute leukemia and changes in the fundus.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.