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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2024-4-802-808</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2506</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ЕXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная характеристика результатов конфокальной микроскопии роговицы после УФ-А-кросслинкинга c использованием различных растворов рибофлавина в эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Characteristics of Corneal Confocal Microscopy after UV-A Cross-linking with Different Riboflavin Solutions in Experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-8883</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бикбов Мухаррам Мухтарамович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор; директор</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bikbov Mukharram М., MD, Professor; director of Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-7330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимов</surname><given-names>A. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халимов Азат Рашидович, доктор биологических наук, заведующий научно-инновационным отделением</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khalimov Azat R., MD (Biol.), head of the scientific and innovative department</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azrakhal@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-1516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усубов</surname><given-names>Э. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usubov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усубов Эмин Логман оглы, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением хирургии роговицы и хрусталика</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Usubov Emin L., PhD, head of the department of corneal and lens surgery</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9578-8635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайнутдинова</surname><given-names>Г. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zainutdinova</surname><given-names>G. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайнутдинова Гузель Халитовна, доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения по организации научных исследований и разработок</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zainutdinova Guzel Kh., MD, senior researcher at the department for the organization of scientific research and development</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1811-9320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валишин</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valishin</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валишин Искандер Дамирович, врач-офтальмолог 1-го микрохирургического отделения</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valishin Iskander D., ophthalmologist of the 1st microsurgical department</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-013X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гилемзянова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilemzyanova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гилемзянова Лейсан Ильшатовна, заведующая лабораторией экспериментальных исследований</p><p>ул. Пушкина, 90, г. Уфа, 450008</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gilemzyanova Leysan I., head of the laboratory of experimental research</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Eye Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>802</fpage><lpage>808</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бикбов М.М., Халимов A.Р., Усубов Э.Л., Зайнутдинова Г.Х., Валишин И.Д., Гилемзянова Л.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикбов М.М., Халимов A.Р., Усубов Э.Л., Зайнутдинова Г.Х., Валишин И.Д., Гилемзянова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikbov M.M., Khalimov A.R., Usubov E.L., Zainutdinova G.K., Valishin I.D., Gilemzyanova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2506">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2506</self-uri><abstract><p>УФ-кросслинкинг роговицы (CXL) стал наиболее распространенным методом лечения кератэктазий. К настоящему времени Дрезденский протокол (G. Wollensak и соавт., 2003) получил много модификаций в части изменения средств или способов выполнения процедуры. В данной статье представлены результаты прижизненного изучения морфологических изменений роговицы кроликов после CXL с использованием растворов рибофлавина различного состава.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнить методом конфокальной микроскопии влияние CXL на морфологическую структуру роговицы экспериментальных животных при использовании рибофлавина на основе физраствора, декстрана и гидроксипропилметилцеллюлозы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование выполнено на 20 глазах 15 кроликов, которым проводили стандартный CXL с 0,1% рибофлавином в трех группах: в первой в качестве основы раствора использовали 0,9 % раствор хлорида натрия, во второй — 20 % декстран, в третьей — 1,0 % гидроксипропилметилцеллюлозу (ГПМЦ). Режим облучения роговицы: 3 мВт/см2, 30 минут, длина волны 370 нм. Оценку состояния роговицы осуществляли на 3, 7, 14, 30 и 90-е сутки после CXL. Всем животным выполняли биомикроскопию и конфокальную микроскопию (Heidelberg Retinal Tomographer HRT-III («Heidelberg Engineering», Германия)). Производили подсчет плотности кератоцитов на глубине 120–160 мкм в центральной зоне роговицы на площади 1 мм2. Статистическую обработку результатов осуществляли с помощью пакета программ Statistica 6.1 и Excel 2010.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты биомикроскопии и конфокальной микроскопии роговицы кроликов in vivo показали наличие послеоперационных изменений эпителия и стромы после проведенного CXL. Во всех группах на 7-е сутки после процедуры отмечали снижение плотности кератоцитов вследствие их апоптоза, преимущественно в передних слоях стромы. Количество кератоцитов после CXL в 1-й группе составило 192,5 ± 29,8, во 2-й — 227,4 ± 38,2, в 3-й — 204,4 ± 32,6 клеток/мм2 против интактного контроля 352,8 ± 35,2 клеток/мм2. При этом статистически достоверной разницы между группами не было выявлено.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты прижизненной конфокальной микроскопии роговицы кроликов продемонстрировали в целом однотипные морфологические изменения, наблюдаемые в раннем послеоперационном периоде, которые сопровождались утратой субэпителиальных нервных волокон, развитием лакунарного отека, апоптозом кератоцитов со снижением их плотности преимущественно в передних и средних слоях стромы. Начало репопуляции кератоцитов и регенерации нервных волокон отмечали на 30-е сутки. Признаков повреждения эндотелия не обнаружено. Сравнительная оценка наибольшей эффективности представленных методик CXL с 0,1 % рибофлавином в составе с физраствором, декстраном или ГПМЦ может быть дана на основании более масштабных экспериментально-клинических наблюдений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Corneal cross-linking (CXL) has become the most common way of managing keratectasia. To date, the Dresden protocol (G. Wollensak et al., 2003) has acquired many modifications, in which the composition of the applied agents or modes of CXL procedure have been changed. This article presents the results of studying morphological changes of rabbit cornea in vivo after CXL using riboflavin solutions of different composition.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: compare the effect of CXL on the corneal morphological structure in experimental animals by confocal microscopy using riboflavin with saline, dextran and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was performed on 20 eyes of 15 rabbits, which underwent standard (Epi-Off) CXL with 0.1 % riboflavin in 3 groups: in the first group saline was used as a base, in the second group — 20 % dextran, in the third — 1.0 % hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Corneal irradiation mode: 3 mW/cm2, 30 minutes, wavelength 370 nm. The corneal condition was evaluated at 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 days after CXL. Biomicroscopy and confocal microscopy were performed in all animals using Heidelberg Retinal Tomographer HRT-III (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). Keratocyte density was counted at the depth of 120–160 μm in the central zone on the area of 1 mm2. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Statistica 6.1 and Excel 2010 programmes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In vivo biomicroscopy and confocal microscopy of the rabbit corneas showed postoperative changes in the epithelium and stroma after CXL. In all groups, 7 days after CXL, there was a decrease in keratocyte density, due to apoptosis, observed predominantly in the anterior layers of the stroma. The number of keratocytes after CXL in group 1 was 192.5 ± 29.8 cells/mm2, in group 2 — 227.4 ± 38.2 cells/mm2, in group 3 — 204.4 ± 32.6 cells/mm2 against intact control 352.8 ± 35.2 cells/mm2. There was not statistically significant difference between the groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of lifetime confocal microscopy of the rabbit cornea demonstrated similar morphological changes in the early postoperative period, which were accompanied by the loss of subepithelial nerve fibres, development of lacunar edema, apoptosis of keratocytes with a decrease in their density mainly in the anterior and middle layers of the stroma. The beginning of keratocyte repopulation and nerve fibre regeneration was observed on the 30th day after CXL. No signs of endothelium damage were detected. A comparative assessment of the greatest effectiveness of CXL techniques with 0.1% riboflavin in saline, dextran or HPMC can be given on the basis of larger-scale experimental and clinical studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультрафиолетовый кросслинкинг роговицы</kwd><kwd>рибофлавин</kwd><kwd>декстран</kwd><kwd>метилцеллюлоза</kwd><kwd>конфокальная микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultraviolet corneal crosslinking</kwd><kwd>riboflavin</kwd><kwd>dextran</kwd><kwd>methylcellulose</kwd><kwd>confocal microscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-2500132 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-25-00132/)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Тhe study was carried out at the expense of the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-25-00132 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-25-00132/)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollensak G, Spoerl E, Seiler T. 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