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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2015-3-12-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к интраокулярной коррекции послеоперационной афакии у пациентов после кераторефракционных операций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current approaches to the intraocular correction of postoperative aphakia after corneal refractive surgery (a review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беликова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belikova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяк</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tret’yak</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жежелева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhezheleva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">l_zhezheleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Клиническая больница № 86 Федерального медико-биологического агентства, ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, Российская Федерация, 123098&#13;
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Кафедра офтальмологии Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства, Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, Российская Федерация, 125310</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Hospital #86 of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 15, Gamalei Str. Moscow, Russia, 123098&#13;
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Department of Ophthalmology of the Institution of Postgraduate Education, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 91, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125310, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра офтальмологии Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства, Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, Российская Федерация, 125310&#13;
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Глазная клиника доктора Беликовой, просп. Буденного, 26, корп. 2, Москва, Российская Федерация, 105118</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Ophthalmology of the Institution of Postgraduate Education, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 91, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125310, Russia&#13;
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Dr. Belikova’s Eye Clinic, 26 Build. 2, Budennyy Avenue Moscow, Russia,105118</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Клиническая больница № 86 Федерального медико-биологического агентства, ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, Российская Федерация, 123098</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Hospital #86 of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 15, Gamalei Str. Moscow, Russia, 123098</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра офтальмологии Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства, Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, Российская Федерация, 125310</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Ophthalmology of the Institution of Postgraduate Education, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 91, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125310, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусев Ю.А., Беликова Е.И., Третьяк Е.Б., Жежелева Л.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусев Ю.А., Беликова Е.И., Третьяк Е.Б., Жежелева Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gusev Y.A., Belikova E.I., Tret’yak E.B., Zhezheleva L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/254">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/254</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема интраокулярной коррекции афакии у пациентов после радиальной кератотомии (РК) приобретает все большую актуальность в связи с ежегодным увеличением количества таких больных. На современном этапе развития хирургии катаракты факоэмульсификацию следует рассматривать не только как операцию по замене мутного хрусталика, но и как рефракционную. Несмотря на обширный арсенал диагностических методов, расчет оптической силы интраокулярной линзы (ИОЛ) у пациентов после кераторефракционных операций по‑прежнему сопряжен с трудностями и послеоперационными рефракционными ошибками. Среди причин этого следует отметить некорректное определение оптической силы роговицы при стандартной кератометрии, использование неверного кератометрического индекса, недооценку эффективной позиции линзы и неправильный выбор формулы расчета оптической силы ИОЛ. Наиболее точными методами устранения ошибок кератометрии являются методы, основанные на рефракционной истории пациента, которые учитывают рефракцию глаза и данные кератометрии до кераторефракционной операции и рефракционный эффект операции до появления катаракты, а также методы, основанные на топографии роговицы. Важное значение также придается методам вычисления «истинной» рефракции роговицы с применением поправочных коэффициентов к полученным результатам кератометрии, выведенных на основе регрессионного анализа результатов имплантации ИОЛ после кераторефракционных операций. Особого внимания заслуживает интраокулярная коррекция астигматизма у пациентов, перенесших радиальную кератотомию. Для этого применяют такие методики, как локализация и модификации катарактального тоннельного разреза, передняя дозированная кератотомия, эксимерлазерные рефракционные операции и имплантация торических ИОЛ. Наконец, определенные сложности также представляет выбор техники ФЭК у пациентов после РК. Основной проблемой является расхождение кератотомических рубцов во время операции. Для профилактики подобного осложнения целесообразно формировать роговичный разрез шириной 1,8‑2,2 мм с локализацией между кератотомическими рубцами. При большом количестве кератотомических рубцов целесообразно прибегать к склеральному доступу.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cataract surgery after radial keratotomy (RK) represents many challenges as many patients who had RK are now developing visually significant cataracts. Currently, cataract surgery is not only the exchange of opaque lens but a refractive procedure as well. Despite a huge armamentarium of diagnostic methods, intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in these patients can be inaccurate and are associated with residual refractive errors for many reasons (overestimation of the corneal power by keratometry and corneal topography, errors in the assessment of effective lens position, inadequate selection of power calculation formulas). Methods based on refractive history which consider refraction and K values before corneal refractive surgery and its refractive result before cataract development as well as methods based on corneal topography are the most accurate methods to neutralize keratometry errors. Methods of «true» refraction estimation using correction coefficients which were calculated based on regression analysis of IOL implantation results after corneal refractive surgery are of significant importance as well. Patients with prior RK who undergo cataract surgery often require intraocular correction of astigmatism. The techniques include positioning and modifications of tunnel incision, anterior dosed keratotomy, excimer laser surgery, and toric IOL implantation. Finally, phaco technique should be carefully selected in patients with prior RK. Intraoperative dehiscence of RK incisions is the key challenge. 1.8‑2.2‑mm corneal incision placed between keratotomy incisions prevents this complication. In numerous keratotomy incisions, scleral tunnel is recommended.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиальная кератотомия</kwd><kwd>катаракта</kwd><kwd>расчет ИОЛ</kwd><kwd>кератометрия</kwd><kwd>коррекция астигматизма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radial keratotomy</kwd><kwd>cataract</kwd><kwd>IOL calculation</kwd><kwd>keratometry</kwd><kwd>astigmatism correction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedorov S. N., Ivashina A. I., Gudechkov V. B. 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