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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2025-1-24-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2571</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPHTHALMOSURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема циклоторсии при коррекции миопии и миопического астигматизма методом SMILE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Problem of Cyclotorsion in the Correction of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism by the SMILE Method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Татьяна Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель клиники</p><p>Москва, ул. Мосфильмовская, 74б, 119192</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shilova Tatyana Yu., MD, head of the Clinic</p><p>Mosfilmovskaya str., 74B, Moscow, 119192</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shilovamd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Мария Алексеевна, офтальмолог-хирург</p><p>Москва, ул. Мосфильмовская, 74б, 119192</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shilova Maria А., ophthalmosurgion</p><p>Mosfilmovskaya str., 74B, Moscow, 119192</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника лазерной коррекции зрения доктора Шиловой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinic of Dr. Shilova laser vision correction</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шилова Т.Ю., Шилова М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шилова Т.Ю., Шилова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shilova T.Y., Shilova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2571">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2571</self-uri><abstract><p>Для лечения миопии и миопического астигматизма наиболее часто выполняемой лазерной рефракционной хирургической техникой является лазерный кератомилез in situ (LASIK). В последние годы малоинвазивное извлечение лентикулы (SMILE) стало многообещающей альтернативой LASIK, требующей только фемтосекундного лазера для создания интрастромальной лентикулы. LASIK и SMILE имеют сопоставимые визуальные результаты с точки зрения безопасности, эффективности и предсказуемости. Установлено, что SMILE приводит к менее тяжелым послеоперационным симптомам в виде синдрома сухого глаза и к более быстрому восстановлению чувствительности роговицы, чем LASIK. Однако несколькими авторами была отмечена четкая тенденция к недокоррекции при SMILE, которая чаще встречалась у пациентов с предоперационным выраженным астигматизмом. Коррекция астигматизма с помощью фемто-LASIK по сравнению со SMILE характеризуется бо’льшими преимуществами. Причиной этого является циклоторсия, которая не контролируется при использовании платформы VisuMax. Циклоторсия является распространенной проблемой при коррекции астигматизма, поскольку циклоторсионная ошибка всего в несколько градусов является источником астигматической недокоррекции. Хотя динамическая циклоторсия не должна быть проблемой при выполнении SMILE из-за фиксации глаз во время лазерного лечения, статическая циклоторсия должна быть компенсирована, поскольку правильное выравнивание оси и центрация зрачка являются критическими в плане получения рефракционных результатов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism, the most commonly performed laser refractive surgical technique is Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). In recent years, minimally invasive lenticule extraction (SMILE) has emerged as a promising alternative to LASIK, requiring only a femtosecond laser to create the intrastromal lenticule. LASIK and SMILE have comparable visual outcomes in terms of safety, efficacy, and predictability. SMILE has been shown its result in less severe postoperative dry eye symptoms and faster corneal sensitivity recovery than LASIK. However, several authors have noted a clear trend toward undercorrection in SMILE, which is more pronounced in cases where preoperative astigmatism is greater. Astigmatism correction with femto-LASIK is more advantageous than with SMILE. The reason for this is cyclotorsion, which is not controlled when using the VisuMax platform. Cyclotorsia is a common problem when correcting astigmatism, as a cyclotorsional error of just a few degrees is a source of astigmatic undercorrection. Although dynamic cyclotorsion should not be a problem when performing SMILE due to the fixation of the eyes during laser treatment, static cyclotorsion must be compensated for, as proper axis alignment and pupillary centration are critical to achieving refractive results.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопический астигматизм</kwd><kwd>SMILE</kwd><kwd>LASIK</kwd><kwd>циклоторсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopic astigmatism</kwd><kwd>SMILE</kwd><kwd>LASIK</kwd><kwd>cyclotorsion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ang M, Tan D, Mehta JS. Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) versus laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK): study protocol for a randomized, non-inferiority trial. Trials 2012;13:75. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ang M, Tan D, Mehta JS. 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