<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2025-2-333-338</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2660</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые подходы в диагностике отслойки сетчатки при использовании стандартизированной А-эхографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of Modern Imaging Methods in Epibulbar Lesions Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселёва</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселёва Татьяна Николаевна доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник отдела  ультразвуковых исследований</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kiseleva Tatiana N. PhD, MD, Professor, head of Ultrasound Diagnostic Department</p><p>Sadovaja-Chernogrjazskaja str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бедретдинов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bedretdinov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бедретдинов Алексей Наилевич кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела  ультразвуковых исследований</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bedretdinov Aleksei N. PhD, researcher of Ultrasound Diagnostic Department</p><p>Sadovaja-Chernogrjazskaja str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баталова</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batalova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баталова Асет Лечиевна аспирант</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Batalova Aset L. postgraduate</p><p>Sadovaja-Chernogrjazskaja str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a7e4ka_clg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овечкин</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovechkin</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овечкин Николай Игоревич кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий операционным блоком</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ovechkin Nicolay I. PhD, head of Operating unit</p><p>Sadovaja-Chernogrjazskaja str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>333</fpage><lpage>338</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киселёва Т.Н., Бедретдинов А.Н., Баталова А.Л., Овечкин Н.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киселёва Т.Н., Бедретдинов А.Н., Баталова А.Л., Овечкин Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiseleva T.N., Bedretdinov A.N., Batalova A.L., Ovechkin N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2660">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2660</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — изучить информативность новых режимов стандартизированной А-эхографии в диагностике отслойки сетчатки, витреальных шварт и ретиношизиса.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Обследованы 180 (180 глаз) пациентов с витреоретинальной патологией в возрасте от 40 до 78 лет (средний возраст 62,0 ± 6,2 года): 70 пациентов (70 глаз) с локальной отслойкой сетчатки (ОС), 70 пациентов (70 глаз) с витреальными швартами и 40 пациентов (40 глаз) с ретиношизисом (РШ). Всем пациентам проводили комплексное ультразвуковое исследование, включающее В-эхографию и стандартизированную А-эхографию в режимах количественной оценки эхосигналов Retina I (оценка количества микроосцилляций эхосигнала) и Retina QII (оценка разницы отражающей способности (РОС) в сравнении со склерой).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По данным В-эхографии ОС диагностировали у 66 из 70 пациентов (94,29 %), витреальные шварты — в 63 из 70 случаев (90 %), РШ у 36 из 40 пациентов (90 %), у 15 пациентов (25 %) оценка обнаруженных патологических внутриглазных изменений была затруднена из-за схожести эхографической картины. По данным стандартизированной А-эхографии ОС регистрировали в 65 случаях (92,86 %). Результаты оценки микроосцилляций эхосигнала в режиме Retina A1 соответствовали «R++» и «R+++», РОС в режиме Retina QII соответствовала 10,56 ± 3,18 дБ. Витреальные шварты регистрировали в 63 случаях (90 %). В режиме Retina A1 показатели соответствовали «M++» и «M+++», РОС составила 25,45 ± 5,56 дБ (режим Retina QII). У пациентов с РШ в режиме Retina A1 показатели соответствовали «R++» и «R+++» у 32 пациентов (80 %) и «М++» у 8 пациентов (20 %), РОС в режиме Retina QII составила 21,44 ± 6,78 дБ. При сравнении показателей РОС (режим Retina QII) в группах с ОС и витреальными швартами разница была статистически достоверной (р &lt; 0,01). Разница показателей РОС в группе с РШ была достоверной при сравнении с пациентами с витреальными швартами (р &lt; 0,05) и недостоверной в сравнении с пациентами с ОС (р &gt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение новых режимов стандартизированной А-эхографии в комплексе с традиционной В-эхографией позволяет значительно повысить информативность ультразвуковой диагностики ОС, витреальных шварт и РШ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study: to study the informativeness of new modes of standardized A-echography in the diagnosis of retinal detachment, vitreous adhesions, and retinoschisis.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The study included 180 patients (180 eyes) with vitreoretinal pathology aged 40 to 78 years (mean age 62 ± 6.2 years): 70 patients (70 eyes) with local retinal detachment (RD), 70 patients (70 eyes) with vitreous adhesions, and 40 patients (40 eyes) with retinoschisis (RS). All patients underwent a comprehensive ultrasound examination, including B-echography and standardized A-echography in the modes of quantitative evaluation of echo signals Retina I (evaluation of the number of echo signal microoscillations) and Retina QII (evaluation of the difference in reflectivity (DR) in comparison with the sclera).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to B-echography, RD was diagnosed in 66 patients (94.29 %), vitreous adhesions — in 63 cases (90 %), retinoschisis — in 36 patients (90 %), in 15 patients (25 %) the assessment of the detected pathological intraocular abnormalities was complicated due to the similarity of the echographic image. According to standardized A-echography, RD was recorded in 65 cases (92.86 %). The results of the echo signal microoscillations assessment in the Retina A1 mode corresponded to “R++” and “R+++”, the DR in the Retina QII mode corresponded to 10.56 ± 3.18 dB. Vitreous adhesions were recorded in 63 cases (90 %). In the Retina A1 mode, the indicators corresponded to “M++” and “M+++”, the DR was 25.45 ± 5.56 dB (Retina QII mode). In patients with RD in the Retina A1 mode, the values  corresponded to “R++” and “R+++” in 32 patients (80 %) and “M++” in 8 patients (20 %), the DR in the Retina QII mode was 21.44 ± 6.78 dB. When comparing the DR values  (Retina QII mode) in the groups with RD and vitreous adhesions, the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.01). The difference in the DR values  in the RD group was significant when compared with patients with vitreous adhesions (p &lt; 0.05) and insignificant when compared with patients with RD (p &gt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. New modes of standardized A-echography in combination with traditional B-echography makes it possible to significantly increase the informative value of ultrasound diagnostics of RD, vitreous adhesions and retinoschisis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витреоретинальная патология</kwd><kwd>отслойка сетчатки</kwd><kwd>ретиношизис</kwd><kwd>витреальные шварты</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование глаза</kwd><kwd>стандартизированная А-эхография</kwd><kwd>В-эхография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitreoretinal pathology</kwd><kwd>retinal detachment</kwd><kwd>retinoschisis</kwd><kwd>vitreous adhesions</kwd><kwd>ultrasound examination of the eye</kwd><kwd>standardized A-echography</kwd><kwd>B-echography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нероев ВВ. Офтальмология: клинические рекомендации. М.: ГЭОТАР‑Медиа; 2020. Neroev VV. Ophthalmology: clinical recommendations. Moscow: GEOTAR‑Media; 2020 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neroev VV. Ophthalmology: clinical recommendations. Moscow: GEOTAR‑Media; 2020 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Османов РЭ. Современные методы хирургического лечения регматогенной отслойки сетчатки. Вестник Тамбовского университета. Серия «Естественные и технические науки». 2015;20(3):658–662. Osmanov RE Modern methods of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Tambov University Reports Series “Natural and technical sciences”. 2015;20(3):658–662 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osmanov RE Modern methods of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Tambov University Reports Series “Natural and technical sciences”. 2015;20(3):658–662 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brinton DA, Wilkinson CP. Retinal detachment — Principles and practice. Oxford: University Press. Inc., 2009. P. 109–115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brinton DA, Wilkinson CP. Retinal detachment — Principles and practice. Oxford: University Press. Inc., 2009. P. 109–115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwon OW, Song JH, Roh MI. Retinal Detachment and Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. Dev Ophthalmol. 2016;55:154–162. doi: 10.1159/000438972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwon OW, Song JH, Roh MI. Retinal Detachment and Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. Dev Ophthalmol. 2016;55:154–162. doi: 10.1159/000438972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Киселева ТН, Луговкина КВ, Бедретдинов АН. Высокочастотная эхография глаза в диагностике макулярных разрывов. Российский офтальмологический журнал. 2022;15(3):34–39. doi: 10.21516/2072‑0076‑2022‑15‑3‑34‑39. Kiseleva TN, Lugovkina KV, Bedretdinov AN. High‑frequency echography of the eye in macular hole diagnosis. Russian Ophthalmological Journal. 2022;15(3):34– 39 (In Russ.). doi: 10.21516/2072‑0076‑2022‑15‑3‑34‑39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiseleva TN, Lugovkina KV, Bedretdinov AN. High‑frequency echography of the eye in macular hole diagnosis. Russian Ophthalmological Journal. 2022;15(3):34– 39 (In Russ.). doi: 10.21516/2072‑0076‑2022‑15‑3‑34‑39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковые исследования в офтальмологии. Руководство для врачей. 1‑е изд. Под ред. ВВ Нероева, ТН Киселевой. М.: ИКАР, 2019. Ultrasound examinations in ophthalmology: Manual for physicians. 1st ed. Eds VV Neroev, TN Kiseleva. Moscow: Ikar Publishing House, 2019 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ultrasound examinations in ophthalmology: Manual for physicians. 1st ed. Eds VV Neroev, TN Kiseleva. Moscow: Ikar Publishing House, 2019 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vrablik ME, Snead GR, Minnigan HJ, Kirschner JM, Emmett TW, Seupaul RA. The diagnostic accuracy of bedside ocular ultrasonography for the diagnosis of retinal detachment: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Feb;65(2):199–203.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.02.020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vrablik ME, Snead GR, Minnigan HJ, Kirschner JM, Emmett TW, Seupaul RA. The diagnostic accuracy of bedside ocular ultrasonography for the diagnosis of retinal detachment: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Feb;65(2):199–203.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.02.020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almendárez JE, Vargas DM, González C, Takane M, Koga W. Ultrasound findings in ocular trauma. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2015 Dec;90(12):572–577. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2015.07.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almendárez JE, Vargas DM, González C, Takane M, Koga W. Ultrasound findings in ocular trauma. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2015 Dec;90(12):572–577. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2015.07.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ossoinig KC. Standardized Ophthalmic Echography of the Eye, Orbit, and Periorbital Region. A Comprehensive Slide Set and Study Guide. 3rd ed. Goodfellow, Iowa City.1985;12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ossoinig KC. Standardized Ophthalmic Echography of the Eye, Orbit, and Periorbital Region. A Comprehensive Slide Set and Study Guide. 3rd ed. Goodfellow, Iowa City.1985;12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fonkeu Y, Singh N, Hayden‑Loreck B, Singh AD. Diagnostic A‑Scan of Choroidal Melanoma: Automated Quantification of Parameters. Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2019 Aug;5(5):350–357. doi: 10.1159/000496345.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fonkeu Y, Singh N, Hayden‑Loreck B, Singh AD. Diagnostic A‑Scan of Choroidal Melanoma: Automated Quantification of Parameters. Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2019 Aug;5(5):350–357. doi: 10.1159/000496345.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genovesi‑Ebert F, Rizzo S, Chiellini S, Di bartolo E, Marabotti A, Nardi M. Reliability of standardized echography before vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 1998;212 Suppl 1:91–92. doi: 10.1159/000055438.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genovesi‑Ebert F, Rizzo S, Chiellini S, Di bartolo E, Marabotti A, Nardi M. Reliability of standardized echography before vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 1998;212 Suppl 1:91–92. doi: 10.1159/000055438.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim RS, Jain RR, Brown DM, Bretana ME, Kegley EN, Singer MA, Aragon AV, Schefler AC. Elevated Choroidal Thickness and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in the Fellow Eyes of Patients with Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma. Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2018 Nov;4(6):375–380. doi: 10.1159/000486864.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim RS, Jain RR, Brown DM, Bretana ME, Kegley EN, Singer MA, Aragon AV, Schefler AC. Elevated Choroidal Thickness and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in the Fellow Eyes of Patients with Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma. Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2018 Nov;4(6):375–380. doi: 10.1159/000486864.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cennamo G, Montorio D, Breve MA, Brescia Morra V, Menna F, Cennamo G. Evaluation of optic nerve subarachnoid space in primary open angle glaucoma using ultrasound examination. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 28;13(11):e0208064. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cennamo G, Montorio D, Breve MA, Brescia Morra V, Menna F, Cennamo G. Evaluation of optic nerve subarachnoid space in primary open angle glaucoma using ultrasound examination. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 28;13(11):e0208064. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gottlieb M, Holladay D, Peksa GD. Point‑of‑Care Ocular Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2019 Aug;26(8):931–939. doi: 10.1111/acem.13682.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gottlieb M, Holladay D, Peksa GD. Point‑of‑Care Ocular Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2019 Aug;26(8):931–939. doi: 10.1111/acem.13682.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Качан ТВ, Скрыпник ОВ, Марченко ЛН, Далидович АА. Особенности дифференциальной диагностики и лечения периферических ретинальных разрывов и отслоек сетчатки. Офтальмология. Восточная Европа. 2022;12(1):68–78. doi: 10.34883/PI.2022.12.1.023. Kachan TV, Skrypnik OV, Marchenko LN, Dalidovich AA. Features of differential diagnostics and treatment of peripheral retinal tears and retinal detachments. Ophthalmology. Eastern Europe. 2022;12(1):68–78 (In Russ.). doi: 10.34883/PI.2022.12.1.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kachan TV, Skrypnik OV, Marchenko LN, Dalidovich AA. Features of differential diagnostics and treatment of peripheral retinal tears and retinal detachments. Ophthalmology. Eastern Europe. 2022;12(1):68–78 (In Russ.). doi: 10.34883/PI.2022.12.1.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lorenzo‑Carrero J, Perez‑Flores I, Cid‑Galano M. B‑scan ultrasonography to screen for retinal tears in acute symptomatic age‑related posterior vitreous detachment. Ophthalmology. 2009;116(1):94–99. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.08.040.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lorenzo‑Carrero J, Perez‑Flores I, Cid‑Galano M. B‑scan ultrasonography to screen for retinal tears in acute symptomatic age‑related posterior vitreous detachment. Ophthalmology. 2009;116(1):94–99. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.08.040.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Володин ПЛ, Белянина СИ. Острая задняя отслойка стекловидного тела. Клиническая офтальмология. 2022;22(4):247–253. doi: 10.32364/23117729‑202222‑4‑247‑25. Volodin PL, Belyanina SI Acute posterior vitreous detachment. Clinical ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):247–253 (In Russ.). doi: 10.32364/23117729‑2022‑22‑4247‑25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volodin PL, Belyanina SI Acute posterior vitreous detachment. Clinical ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):247–253 (In Russ.). doi: 10.32364/23117729‑2022‑22‑4247‑25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kicova N, Bertelmann T, Irle S. Evaluation of a posterior vitreous detachment: a comparison of biomicroscopy, B‑scan ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography to surgical findings with chromodissection. Acta Ophthalmol. 2012;90(4):264–268. doi: 10.1111/j.1755‑3768.2011.02330.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kicova N, Bertelmann T, Irle S. Evaluation of a posterior vitreous detachment: a comparison of biomicroscopy, B‑scan ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography to surgical findings with chromodissection. Acta Ophthalmol. 2012;90(4):264–268. doi: 10.1111/j.1755‑3768.2011.02330.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
