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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2025-3-697-703</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2729</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАБОТЫ МОЛОДЫХ АВТОРОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES BY YOUNG AUTHORS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование потенциала стволовых клеток в регенерации поврежденных структур глаза. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of the Stem Cells Potential in the Regeneration of Damaged Eye Structures. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0100-4607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулаева</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulaeva</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдулаева Мадина Шамилевна - студентка 6-го курса.</p><p>пл. им. Ленина, 1, Махачкала, 367000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Madina Sh. Abdulayeva - 6th-year student.</p><p>Lenin sq., 1, Makhachkala, 367000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">djami_ramazanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6713-4320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулаева</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulaeva</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдулаева Патимат Магомедовна - студентка 6-го курса.</p><p>пл. им. Ленина, 1, Махачкала, 367000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Patimat M. Abdulayeva - 6th-year student.</p><p>Lenin sq., 1, Makhachkala, 367000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6233-5138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Идрисова</surname><given-names>Х. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Idrisova</surname><given-names>H. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Идрисова Хадижат Саадуевна - студентка 6-го курса.</p><p>пл. им. Ленина, 1, Махачкала, 367000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khadizhat S. Idrisova - 6th-year student.</p><p>Lenin sq., 1, Makhachkala, 367000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7334-6965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асельдерова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aselderova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асельдерова Аида Шамсутдиновна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая учебной частью.</p><p>пл. им. Ленина, 1, Махачкала, 367000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aida Sh. Aselderova - PhD, Associate Professor, head the educational part.</p><p>Lenin sq., 1, Makhachkala, 367000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>697</fpage><lpage>703</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абдулаева М.Ш., Абдулаева П.М., Идрисова Х.С., Асельдерова А.Ш., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдулаева М.Ш., Абдулаева П.М., Идрисова Х.С., Асельдерова А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdulaeva M.S., Abdulaeva P.M., Idrisova H.S., Aselderova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2729">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2729</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель данного исследования заключалась в анализе роли стволовых клеток в терапии офтальмологических заболеваний с акцентом на регенерацию роговицы и лечение дегенеративных состояний сетчатки. Для этого был проведен всесторонний обзор публикаций из ряда баз данных, таких как MEDLINE, PubMed, и Web of Science. Материалы и методы. Основное внимание уделялось критическому анализу научных работ, связанных с использованием стволовых клеток в офтальмологии. Были сформулированы критерии включения, охватывавшие различные типы научных публикаций, включая клинические испытания и метаанализы. Результаты. Анализ показал, что стволовые клетки, особенно лимбальные, обладают высоким регенеративным потенциалом в восстановлении эпителия роговицы. Мезенхимальные стволовые клетки также демонстрируют возможность трансформации в эпителиальные клетки, хотя механизм остается до конца не ясным. Исследование показало, что различные типы стволовых клеток повышают прозрачность роговицы и улучшают зрение пациентов. Выводы. Несмотря на обнадеживающие результаты, остаются вопросы, связанные с этическими и технологическими аспектами применения стволовых клеток, особенно в контексте аллогенных трансплантаций. Результаты исследования подчеркивают необходимость дальнейших исследований для улучшения методов трансплантации и дифференцировки стволовых клеток. Это может привести к разработке более безопасных и эффективных видов лечения пациентов с офтальмологической патологией.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of stem cells in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases, with an emphasis on corneal regeneration and treatment of retinal degenerative conditions. For this purpose, a comprehensive review of publications from a number of databases, such as MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science, was conducted. Materials and methods. The main focus was on a critical analysis of scientific papers related to the use of stem cells in ophthalmology. Inclusion criteria were formulated that covered various types of scientific publications, including clinical trials and meta-analyses. Results. The analysis showed that stem cells, especially limbal stem cells, have a high regenerative potential in restoring the corneal epithelium. Mesenchymal stem cells also demonstrate the possibility of transformation into epithelial cells, although the mechanism remains unclear. The study showed that LMSC and other types of stem cells increase corneal transparency and improve patients’ eyesight. Conclusions. Despite the encouraging results, questions remain about the ethical and technological aspects of stem cell use, especially in the context of allogeneic transplants. The results of the study highlight the need for further research to improve stem cell transplantation and differentiation methods. This may lead to the development of safer and more effective therapies for patients with ophthalmological pathologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>регенерация</kwd><kwd>роговица</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>дегенеративные заболевания сетчатки</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>eye regeneration</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>retinal degenerative diseases</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>corneal cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park SH, Kim KW, Chun YS, Kim JC. Human mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into keratocyte-like cells in keratocyte-conditioned medium. Exp Eye Res. 2012;101:16–26. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.05.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park SH, Kim KW, Chun YS, Kim JC. 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