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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2025-4-960-965</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2830</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ЕXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ультрафиолетового кросслинкинга на процессы регенерации и фиброза тканей роговицы. Экспериментальное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Effect of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking on Corneal Tissue Regeneration and Fibrosis. An Experimental Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-8883</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Пушкина, 90, Уфа, 450080</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bikbov Mukharram М. - MD Professor, director.</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-7330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Пушкина, 90, Уфа, 450080</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khalimov Azat R. - PhD (Biol.), head of the Scientific and Innovative Department.</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9170-2600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>А. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Р. Зорге, 67/1, Уфа, 450075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lebedeva Anna I. - MD (Biol.), head of the Morphology Department.</p><p>Zorge str., 67/1, Ufa, 450075</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1237-9284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Р. Зорге, 67/1, Уфа, 450075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Musina Lyalya A. - MD (Biol.), senior researcher at the Morphology Department.</p><p>Zorge str., 67/1, Ufa, 450075</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1811-9320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валишин</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valishin</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Пушкина, 90, Уфа, 450080</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valishin Iskander D. - ophthalmologist.</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-013X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гилемзянова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilemzianova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ул. Пушкина, 90, Уфа, 450080</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gilemzyanova Leysan I. - head of the laboratory of experimental research.</p><p>Pushkin str., 90, Ufa, 450080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский научно-иследовательский институт глазных болезней ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Eye Research Institute of the Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский центр глазной и пластической хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery of rhe Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>960</fpage><lpage>965</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бикбов М.М., Халимов А.Р., Лебедева А.И., Мусина Л.А., Валишин И.Д., Гилемзянова Л.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикбов М.М., Халимов А.Р., Лебедева А.И., Мусина Л.А., Валишин И.Д., Гилемзянова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikbov M.M., Khalimov A.R., Lebedeva А.I., Musina L.A., Valishin I.D., Gilemzianova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2830">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2830</self-uri><abstract><p>Наиболее современная и эффективная методика лечения дегенеративных заболеваний роговицы — ультрафиолетовый (УФ) кросслинкинг роговичного коллагена. Техника предполагает поэтапную обработку роговицы: удаление эпителия, пропитывание стромы рибофлавином и УФ-облучение длиной волны 370 нм. Результатом такого воздействия является повышение жесткости роговицы. В связи с этим представляет интерес оценка влияния данной методики на процессы регенерации и фиброза в тканях роговицы.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить влияние УФ-кросслинкинга роговицы крыс на экспрессию TGFβ1 и FGF-1 в сопоставлении со структурными признаками роговицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Эксперименты проведены в 2-х группах: 1 — контрольная (интактные животные), 2 — опытная: модель УФ-кросслинкинга роговицы с деэпителизацией роговой оболочки диаметром 3 мм, инстилляциями раствора Декстралинк (0,1 % рибофлавина мононуклеотид и 20 % декстран) и УФ-А облучением роговой оболочки с использованием прибора «УФалинк» (режим воздействия: 3 мВт/см2, 10 мин., длина волны 370 нм). На 14 и 30-е сутки провели энуклеацию и морфологические, иммуногистохимические (TGFβ1 и FGF-1) и электронно-микроскопические исследования. Для статистического анализа проводили подсчет TGFβ1+ и FGF-1+ кератоцитов и использовали U-критерий Манна — Уитни.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В опытной группе через 14 суток определялись невыраженные патологические изменения, связанные с деструкцией кератоцитов в основном веществе. Через 30 суток в стромальной пластинке роговицы патологических изменений не выявлено. Ультраструктурная организация роговицы, включая роговичные пластинки и клеточный состав, соответствовала норме. Экспрессия TGFβ1 и FGF-1 позитивных кератоцитов через 14 суток после воздействия УФО и раствора Декстралинк была снижена, а спустя 30 суток приходила в норму и соответствовала значениям интактной роговицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. УФ-кросслинкинг роговичного коллагена с раствором Декстралинк не приводит к гиперэкспрессии TGFβ1 и FGF-1 в кератоцитах. При этом на 14-е сутки наблюдали сохранность коллагеновой структуры роговой оболочки, внешнего и внутреннего эпителиальных слоев, признаки деструкции и разрушения некоторого количества кератоцитов. В последующем (30-е сутки) выявляли кератоциты с признаками повышенной функциональной активности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most modern and effective method of treating degenerative corneal diseases is corneal crosslinking (CXL). This technique involves three steps: epithelial removal, stromal saturation with riboflavin, and UV irradiation at a wavelength of 370 nm. This exposure increases corneal rigidity. Consequently, assessing the impact of this technique on the regeneration and fibrosis processes in corneal tissues is of significant interest.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to study the effect of CXL on rat corneas by assessing TGF-β1 and FGF-1 expression in relation to corneal structural characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Experiments were conducted in two groups: Control (intact), Group 2 Experimental, in which a corneal crosslinking technique was performed. This technique involved deepithelialization of a 3-mm-diameter area of the cornea, instillation of DEXTRALINK solution (0.1 % riboflavin mononucleotide and 20 % dextran), and UVA irradiation of the cornea using the “UFalink” device (exposure parameters: 3 mW/cm2 for 10 minutes at a wavelength of 370 nm). On days 14 and 30, the eyeballs were enucleated and examined using morphological, immunohistochemical (TGF-β1 and FGF-1), and electron microscopy. For statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney U-test was used to calculate TGF-β1+ and FGF-1+ keratocytes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Mild pathological changes associated with keratocyte destruction in the stroma were detected in the experimental group on day 14. By day 30, however, no such changes were observed in the corneal stromal lamellae. The ultrastructural organization of the cornea, including the lamellae and cellular composition, appeared normal. The expression of TGF-β1and FGF-1-positive keratocytes decreased 14 days after exposure to UV radiation and Dextralink solution, but returned to normal levels after 30 days, matching those of an intact cornea.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Corneal crosslinking with DEXTRALINK solution does not lead to the overproduction of TGF-β1 and FGF-1 in keratocytes. On day 14, preservation of the collagen structure of the cornea and the outer and inner epithelial layers was observed, along with signs of destruction and loss of keratocytes. Subsequently, on day 30, keratocytes with signs of increased functional activity were identified.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>УФ-кросслинкинг роговичного коллагена</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимический анализ роговицы</kwd><kwd>TGFβ1</kwd><kwd>FGF-1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Corneal collagen crosslinking</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemical analysis of the cornea</kwd><kwd>TGFβ1</kwd><kwd>FGF-1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-2500132 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-25-00132/)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was funded by the Grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 24-25-00132 (https://rscf.ru/ project/24-25-00132/)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollensak G, Spoerl E, Seiler T. 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