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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-1-74-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологические особенности роговицы у пациентов с начальным кератоконусом после одномоментной фоторефракционной кератэктомии и кросслинкинга роговичного коллагена. Часть 1. Анализ клеточной структуры и суббазального нервного сплетения роговицы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological Features of the Cornea in Patients with Initial Keratoconus after Simultaneous Photorefractive Keratectomy and Corneal Collagen Crosslinking. Part 1. Analysis of the Cellular Structure and Sub-basal Nerve Plexus of the Cornea</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-1774</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлова</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmailova</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Измайлова Светлана Борисовна – доктор медицинских наук, врач высшей категории, заведующая отделом трансплантационной и оптико‑реконструктивной хирургии переднего отрезка глазного яблока</p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Izmailova Svetlana B., MD, physician of the highest category, head of the Anterior Segment Transplant and Optical Reconstructive Surgery Department </p><p>Beskudnikovskiy Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5666-3493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малюгин</surname><given-names>Б. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyugin</surname><given-names>B. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малюгин Борис Эдуардович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член‑корреспондент РАН, заслуженный деятель науки Российской Федерации, заведующий кафедрой заболеваний роговицы </p><p>200, CA 90095-7003, Лос-Анджелес</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyugin Boris E., MD, Professor of Ophthalmology, Сorresponding Member of RAS, Honored Scientist of Russia, head of Cornea and External Diseases Division</p><p>U200, CA 90095-7003, Los Angeles</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7503-2444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исмаилова</surname><given-names>З. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismailova</surname><given-names>Z. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исмаилова Зури Муслимовна – врач‑офтальмолог, аспирант </p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismailova Zuri M., ophthalmologist, postgraduate </p><p>Beskudnikovskiy Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-6924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таевере</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taevere</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таевере Мариям Рамазановна – врач‑офтальмолог, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела клинико‑функциональной диагностики </p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taevere Mariam R., ophthalmologist, PhD, researcher at the Clinical and Functional Diagnostics Department </p><p>Beskudnikovskiy Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6549-9549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Александровна – врач‑офтальмолог отдела лазерной рефракционной хирургии, кандидат медицинских наук, врач высшей категории </p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakharova Irina A., ophthalmologist of the Laser Refractive Surgery Department, PhD, doctor of the highest </p><p>Beskudnikovskiy Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-2400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинникова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinnikova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинникова Светлана Юрьевна – врач‑офтальмолог, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории трансплантологии и клеточной биологии</p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalinnikova Svetlana Yu., ophthalmologist, PhD, researcher at the Transplantology and Cell biology Laboratory</p><p>Beskudnikovskiy Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Глазной институт Джулиуса Стейна при Калифорнийском университете в Лос-Анджелесе Stein Plaza<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">CLA Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute Stein Plaza<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Измайлова С.Б., Малюгин Б.Э., Исмаилова З.М., Таевере М.Р., Захарова И.А., Калинникова С.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Измайлова С.Б., Малюгин Б.Э., Исмаилова З.М., Таевере М.Р., Захарова И.А., Калинникова С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Izmailova S.B., Malyugin B.E., Ismailova Z.M., Taevere M.R., Zakharova I.A., Kalinnikova S.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2877">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2877</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определить изменения клеточной структуры и суббазальных нервных волокон роговицы у пациентов с начальным кератоконусом в течение 12 месяцев наблюдения после одномоментной трансэпителиальной фоторефракционной кератэктомии в сочетании с ультрафиолетовым кросслинкингом роговичного коллагена по акселерированному протоколу. </p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование были включены 30 пациентов/глаз в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет с прогрессирующим КК I стадии, которым до и после проведенного лечения была выполнена послойная лазерная сканирующая конфокальная микроскопия роговицы in vivo, по результатам которой измеряли суммарную, среднюю, минимальную и максимальную длину нервных волокон роговицы, а также плотность суббазального нервного сплетения. Исследования проводили на сроках до и через 1, 6 и 12 месяцев после операции. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Морфологические изменения, выявленные с помощью лазерной сканирующей конфокальной микроскопии, были ограничены передней и средней стромой, не превышая глубину 300 мкм, и носили временный характер: на 1-м месяце — эпителиопатия, субэпителиальная фиброплазия, лакунарный отек по типу «пчелиных сот» и резкое снижение плотности суббазального нервного сплетения; к 6 месяцам — частичная регенерация кератоцитов и суббазального нервного сплетения, уменьшение плотности отека; к 12 месяцам — почти полное восстановление клеточной структуры роговицы и суббазальной иннервации (плотность суббазального нервного сплетения — 80,5 % от исходного уровня, суммарная длина нервных волокон — 82 %). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Одномоментное выполнение трансэпителиальной фоторефракционной кератэктомии с акселерированным кросслинкингом приводит к выраженным морфологическим изменениям эпителия, стромы и нервных волокон роговицы. Транзиторный характер этих изменений указывает на сохранение репаративного потенциала кератоцитов после комбинированного вмешательства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to present corneal morphological changes in patients with initial keratoconus during 12-month follow-up period after simultaneous transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy with accelerated ultraviolet collagen crosslinking.</p></sec><sec><title> Patients and methods</title><p> Patients and methods. The study included 30 patients/eyes aged 18–45 years with progressive stage 1 keratoconus, who underwent laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy before and after treatment to measure the total, average, minimum and maximum lengths of corneal nerve fibres, as well as the sub-basal nerve plexus density; corneal optical coherence tomography with measurement of the demarcation line depth; Scheimpflug densitometry of the anterior-central layers of corneal stroma at 0–2 and 2–6-mm zones. The examinations were performed 1, 6 and 12 months after surgery. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Morphological changes observed by laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy located in the anterior and middle stroma within 300 μm depth and were temporary: at 1 month — epitheliopathy, subepithelial fibroplasia, honeycomb-type lacunar edema and a sharp decrease in sub-basal nerve plexus density; at 6 months — partial regeneration of the keratocytes and sub-basal nerve plexus, reduction of the lacunar edema; at 12 months — nealrly complete restoration of corneal cellular structure and sub-basal innervation (sub-basal nerve plexus density — 80.5 % of preoperative data, total length of nerve fibres — 82 %). According to Scheimpflug densitometry, the highest values of corneal optical density was detected at 1 month after surgery and subsequently returned to baseline at 12 months, indicating reducing of postoperative corneal haze. According to anterior segment optical coherence tomography, the demarcation line depth was 198.5 (179.25; 214.5) μm visualized at 1 month postoperatively. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Simultaneous transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy with accelerated corneal crosslinking can be considered as a safe and effective approach to managing initial keratoconus, that ensures morphological restoration of the cornea and minimal risk of severe fibroblastic complications during one-year follow-up period. Further research is needed to assess the long-term stability of the results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кератоконус</kwd><kwd>трансэпителиальная фоторефракционная кератэктомия</kwd><kwd>кросслинкинг роговичного коллагена</kwd><kwd>лазерная сканирующая конфокальная микроскопия роговицы</kwd><kwd>суббазальное нервное сплетение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>keratoconus</kwd><kwd>transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy</kwd><kwd>corneal collagen crosslinking</kwd><kwd>laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>Scheimpflug densitometry</kwd><kwd>sub-basal nerve plexus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малюгин БЭ, Шпак АА. Современные методы визуализации переднего отрезка глаза. 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