<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-2-319-327</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-2978</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPHTHALMOSURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние анатомии среднего носового хода на результаты различных методов остеотомии при эндоскопической дакриоцисториностомии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of the Middle Nasal Meatus Anatomy on the Outcomes of Various Osteotomy Techniques in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-7234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шляхтов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyakhtov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шляхтов Михаил Иванович - заведующий отделением хирургии слезных путей и окулопластики </p><p>ул. Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shlyakhtov Mikhail I. - head of the Lacrimal Tract Surgery and Oculoplasty Department </p><p>Bardina str., 4a, Ekaterinburg, 620149</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2665-9593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумов Константин Георгиевич - врач-офтальмолог, хирург отделения хирургии слезных путей и окулопластики </p><p>ул. Бардина, 4а, Екатеринбург, 620149</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Naumov Konstantin G. - ophthalmologist, surgeon of the Lacrimal Tract Surgery and Oculoplasty Department </p><p>Bardina str., 4a, Ekaterinburg, 620149</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3038-7918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катаев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kataev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Катаев Михаил Германович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом реконструктивно-восстановительной и пластической хирургии </p><p>Бескудниковский бульвар, 59а, Москва, 127486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kataev Mikhail G. - MD, Professor, Head of the Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Department </p><p>Beskoudnikovsky Blvd, 59a, Moscow, 127486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Екатеринбургский центр «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза”»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ НМИЦ «МНТК “Микрохирургия глаза” им. академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>319</fpage><lpage>327</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шляхтов М.И., Наумов К.Г., Катаев М.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шляхтов М.И., Наумов К.Г., Катаев М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shlyakhtov M.I., Naumov K.G., Kataev M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2978">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/2978</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: сравнительный анализ непосредственных и отдаленных, функциональных и анатомических результатов хирургического лечения хронического дакриоцистита методом эндоназальной эндоскопической дакриоцисториностомии (ЭЭДЦР), выполненной с использованием высокоскоростного бора и пьезохирургического аппарата, с оценкой влияния степени сужения среднего носового хода (СНХ) на частоту осложнений. Материал и методы. В ретроспективное когортное исследование включены 240 пациентов с обструкцией вертикального отдела слезоотводящих путей, разделенных на две равные группы в зависимости от метода остеотомии (высокоскоростной бор либо пьезохирургический аппарат). На основании предоперационной КТ все пациенты стратифицированы по степени сужения СНХ: I степень (&gt;4 мм), II степень (≤4 мм), III степень (≤2 мм). Группы были сопоставимы по анатомическим характеристикам. Оценка результатов проводилась через 6 месяцев после операции. Результаты. Применение пьезохирургии позволило статистически значимо снизить частоту интраоперационных кровотечений (p ≤ 0,01), образования синехий в носовой полости (p = 0,040), грануляций в области сформированного слезно-носового соустья (p = 0,035) и рубцового заращения соустья (p = 0,049). Частота рецидивов в группе пьезохирургии составила 3,2 % против 10,0 % в группе бора (p ≤ 0,05). Анализ подгрупп показал, что максимальные различия между методами достигаются у пациентов с III степенью сужения (≤2 мм), у которых риск ятрогенной травмы слизистой и последующего рубцевания наиболее высок. Селективность ультразвукового воздействия, позволяющего сохранять целостность мягких тканей, предотвращает формирование «раневого зеркала» и образование синехий в полости носа. Заключение. Пьезохирургическая остеотомия является предпочтительным методом при выполнении первичной ЭЭДЦР у пациентов с узким средним носовым ходом (II–III степени сужения), обеспечивая достоверное снижение частоты осложнений и рецидивов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Рurpose. Comparative analysis of the results of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EEDCR) using a high-speed drill and a piezosurgical device, assessing the impact of the degree of middle meatus narrowing on the complication rate and functional success. Material and methods. This retrospective cohort study included 240 patients with obstruction of the vertical portion of the lacrimal drainage system, divided into two equal groups depending on the osteotomy method (drill vs. piezosurgery). Based on preoperative CT, all patients were stratified by the degree of middle meatus narrowing: grade I (&gt;4 mm), grade II (≤4 mm), grade III (≤2 mm). The groups were comparable in anatomical characteristics. Outcomes were assessed 6 months after surgery. Results. The use of piezosurgery significantly reduced the incidence of intraoperative bleeding (p ≤ 0.01), synechiae (p = 0.040), granulations (p = 0.035), and ostium closure (p = 0.049). The recurrence rate in the piezosurgery group was 3.2 % versus 10.0 % in the drill group (p ≤ 0.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the greatest differences between the methods were achieved in patients with grade III narrowing (≤2 mm), where the risk of iatrogenic mucosal injury and subsequent scarring is highest. The selectivity of ultrasonic impact, which preserves soft tissue integrity, prevents the formation of a “wound mirror” and the development of the synechial process. Conclusion. Piezosurgical osteotomy is the preferred method for primary EEDCR in patients with a narrow middle meatus (grade II–III narrowing), providing a significant reduction in the rate of complications and recurrence of epiphora.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндоскопическая дакриоцисториностомия</kwd><kwd>пьезохирургия</kwd><kwd>остеотомия</kwd><kwd>девиация носовой перегородки</kwd><kwd>средний носовой ход</kwd><kwd>синехии</kwd><kwd>рецидив эпифоры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy</kwd><kwd>piezosurgery</kwd><kwd>osteotomy</kwd><kwd>nasal septum deviation</kwd><kwd>middle meatus</kwd><kwd>synechiae</kwd><kwd>epiphora recurrence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toti A. Nuovo metado conservatore di radicale delle suppurazioni croniche del sacco lacrimale (dacriocystorhinostomia). Cli Mod Pisa. 1904;10:385–387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toti A. Nuovo metado conservatore di radicale delle suppurazioni croniche del sacco lacrimale (dacriocystorhinostomia). Cli Mod Pisa. 1904;10:385–387.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caldwell GW. Two new operations for obstruction of the nasal duct, with preservation of the canaliculi. Am J Ophthalmol. 1893;10:189–193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caldwell GW. Two new operations for obstruction of the nasal duct, with preservation of the canaliculi. Am J Ophthalmol. 1893;10:189–193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karasu B, Kiray G, Eris E, Perente I, Cenk Celebi AR. Comparison of success between external and endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction in Turkish cohort. North Clin Istanb. 2020 Jul 23;7(6):579–584. doi: 10.14744/nci.2020.06888.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karasu B, Kiray G, Eris E, Perente I, Cenk Celebi AR. Comparison of success between external and endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction in Turkish cohort. North Clin Istanb. 2020 Jul 23;7(6):579–584. doi: 10.14744/nci.2020.06888.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мусаева НБ. Сравнительная оценка наружной и эндоназальной дакриоцисториностомии в хирургии хронических дакриоциститов. Офтальмология. Восточная Европа. 2024;14(1):52–58. doi: 10.34883/PI.2024.14.1.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musayeva NB. Comparative Evaluation of External and Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy in Surgery of Chronic Dacryocystitis. Ophthalmology Eastern Europe. 2024;14(1):52–58 (In Russ.). doi: 10.34883/PI.2024.14.1.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fayet B, Racy E, Assouline M. Complications of standardized endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy with unciformectomy. Ophthalmology. 2004 Apr;111(4):837–845. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.08.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fayet B, Racy E, Assouline M. Complications of standardized endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy with unciformectomy. Ophthalmology. 2004 Apr;111(4):837–845. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.08.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Erdol H, Akyol N, Imamoglu HI, Sozen E. Long-term follow-up of external dacryocystorhinostomy and the factors affecting its success. Orbit. 2005;24(2):99–102. doi: 10.1080/01676830590926693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erdol H, Akyol N, Imamoglu HI, Sozen E. Long-term follow-up of external dacryocystorhinostomy and the factors affecting its success. Orbit. 2005;24(2):99–102. doi: 10.1080/01676830590926693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпищенко СА, Верещагина ОЕ, Фаталиева АФ. Коррекция перегородки носа при эндоскопической эндоназальной дакриоцисториностомии. Folia Otorhinolaryngologiae et Pathologiae Respiratoriae. 2019;25(4):15–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpishchenko SA, Vereshchagina OE, Fatalieva AF. Correction of the nasal septum in endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. Folia Otorhinolaryngologiae et Pathologiae Respiratoriae. 2019;25(4):15–20 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махмудназаров МИ, Туйдиев ШШ. Современные методы хирургического лечения деформаций носовой перегородки. Научно-медицинский журнал «Вестник Авиценны». 2012;4:56–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhmudnazarov MI, Tuydiev ShSh. Modern methods of surgical treatment of nasal septum deformities. Scientific and Medical Journal “Avicenna Bulletin” (Vestnik Avitsenny). 2012;4:56–61 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумов КГ, Шляхтов МИ, Катаев МГ. Ультразвуковая эндоназальная дакриоцисториностомия в лечении рецидивирующего дакриоцистита новорожденного. Офтальмохирургия. 2023;2:36–42. doi: 10.25276/0235-41602023-2-36-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumov KG, Shlyakhtov MI, Kataev MG. Ultrasound endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in the treatment of recurrent dacryocystitis in newborns. Fyodorov Journal of Ophthalmic Surgery. 2023;2:36–42 (In Russ.). doi: 10.25276/0235-41602023-2-36-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сипкин АМ, Карякина ИА, Полупан ПВ, Рябов АЮ, Давыдов ИА, Ахтямов ДВ. Обзор методик применения пьезохирургии и практический опыт. Медицинский алфавит. 2018;2(8):25–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sipkin AM, Karyakina IA, Polupan PV, Ryabov AYu, Davydov IA, Akhtyamov DV. Piezosurgery: systematic review of literature and surgical experience. Medical alphabet. 2018;2(8):25–28 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Красножен ВН, Щербаков ДА, Володеев АВ, Мусина ЛА, Гарскова ЮА. Морфологические и клинические аспекты искривления перегородки носа. Вестник оториноларингологии. 2017;82(3):25–27. doi: /10.17116/otorino201782325-27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasnozhen VN, Shcherbakov DA, Volodeev AV, Musina LA, Garskova YuA. The morphological and clinical aspects of the curvature of the nasal septum. Russian Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology. 2017;82(3):25–27 (In Russ.). doi: /10.17116/otorino201782325-27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mladina R, Cujić E, Subarić M, Vuković K. Nasal septal deformities in ear, nose, and throat patients: an internationalstudy. Am J Otolaryngol. 2008 Mar-Apr;29(2):75–82. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.02.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mladina R, Cujić E, Subarić M, Vuković K. Nasal septal deformities in ear, nose, and throat patients: an internationalstudy. Am J Otolaryngol. 2008 Mar-Apr;29(2):75–82. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.02.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалов КА, Давыдов ДВ, Рощин ВЮ. Сравнительный анализ применения методик пьезохирургии и механической остеоперфорации при моделировании декомпрессии орбиты. Офтальмологические ведомости. 2018;11(1):10–18. doi: 10.17816/OV11110-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konovalov KA, Davydov DV, Roshchin VYu. A comparative analysis of the application of piezoelectric surgery and mechanical osteoperforation techniques in modeling an orbital decompression. Ophthalmology Journal. 2018;11(1):10–18 (In Russ.). doi: 10.17816/OV11110-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koçak I, Doğan R, Gökler O. A comparison of piezosurgery with conventional techniques for internal osteotomy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jun;274(6):2483–2491. doi: 10.1007/s00405-017-4514-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koçak I, Doğan R, Gökler O. A comparison of piezosurgery with conventional techniques for internal osteotomy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jun;274(6):2483–2491. doi: 10.1007/s00405-017-4514-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Груша ЯО, Федоров АА, Колодина АС, Свириденко НЮ. Сравнительное электронно-микроскопическое исследование рельефа костных поверхностей после ультразвуковой и высокоскоростной механической остеодеструкции при декомпрессии орбиты. Вестник офтальмологии. 2019;135(5‑2):155–159. doi: 10.17116/oftalma2019135052155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grusha YaO, Fedorov AA, Kolodina AS, Sviridenko NIu. Comparative electron microscopy study of the bone surfaces relief after ultrasonic and mechanical highspeed bone removal in orbital decompression.  Russian Annals of Ophthalmology. 2019;135(5‑2):155–159 (In Russ.). doi: 10.17116/oftalma2019135052155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ali MJ, Singh M, Chisty N, Kamal S, Naik MN. Endoscopic ultrasonic dacryocystorhinostomy: clinical profile and outcomes. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jul;273(7):1789–1793. doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3826-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ali MJ, Singh M, Chisty N, Kamal S, Naik MN. Endoscopic ultrasonic dacryocystorhinostomy: clinical profile and outcomes. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jul;273(7):1789–1793. doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3826-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meller C, Havas TE. Piezoelectric technology in otolaryngology, and head and neck surgery: a review. J Laryngol Otol. 2017 Jul;131(S2):S12–S18. doi: 10.1017/S0022215117000767.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meller C, Havas TE. Piezoelectric technology in otolaryngology, and head and neck surgery: a review. J Laryngol Otol. 2017 Jul;131(S2):S12–S18. doi: 10.1017/S0022215117000767.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El Fattah, Mai Y. Abd, Moustafa, Tarek A., Amin, Ahmed M., Kamel, Rehab M. Hassan, Suzan A. Piezo-assisted external dacryocystorhinostomy versus conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy. Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls. 2021 Oct-Dec;5(4):790–796. doi: 10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_149_21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El Fattah, Mai Y. Abd, Moustafa, Tarek A., Amin, Ahmed M., Kamel, Rehab M. Hassan, Suzan A. Piezo-assisted external dacryocystorhinostomy versus conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy. Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls. 2021 Oct-Dec;5(4):790–796. doi: 10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_149_21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shankar VA, Kalyam K, Couch SM. External Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Comparison Of Ultrasonic Bone Aspiration To High-Speed Drilling. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec 17;13:2535–2540. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S221293.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shankar VA, Kalyam K, Couch SM. External Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Comparison Of Ultrasonic Bone Aspiration To High-Speed Drilling. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec 17;13:2535–2540. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S221293.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шляхтов МИ, Наумов КГ. Использование современных энергетических методов удаления костных тканей при проведении эндоскопической дакриоцисториностомии. Отражение. 2021;1:61–66. doi: 10.25276/2686-9423-2021-1-61-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyakhtov MI, Naumov KG. The use of modern energy methods for bone tissue removal in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Otrazhenie. 2021;(1):61–66 (In Russ.). doi: 10.25276/2686-9423-2021-1-61-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумов КГ, Шляхтов МИ, Катаев МГ. Дифференцированный подход к удалению костных тканей методом ультразвуковой остеодеструкции при эндоназальной эндоскопической дакриоцисториностомии. Офтальмохирургия. 2025;4(147):149–156. doi: 10.25276/0235-4160-2025-4-149-156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumov KG, Shlyakhtov MI, Kataev MG. Differentiated approach to bone tissue removal with ultrasonic osteodestruction during endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Fyodorov Journal of Ophthalmic Surgery. 2025;4(147):149–156 (In Russ.). doi: 10.25276/0235-4160-2025-4-149-156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
