ophthalmologyОфтальмологияOphthalmology in Russia1816-50952500-0845Ophthalmology10.18008/1816-5095-2014-1-12-20ophthalmology-30Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSГидродинамика глаза и анатомо-топографические особенности переднего отрезка глаза до и после факоэмульсификации осложненной катарактыEye hydrodynamics and anatomical topographic features of anterior eye segment before and following cataract phacoemulsificationГусевЮ. А.GusevYu. A.

+7 (985) 227‑8927

МаккаеваС. М.MakkaevaS. M.МасловаЕ. В.MaslovaE. V.ТретьякЕ. Б.TretyakE. B.Центральное отделение микрохирургии глаза ФГ БУЗ КБ № 86 ФМБАРоссияCentral Eye Microsurgery Department, Clinical Hospital #86, Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian Federation2014090720141111220Copyright © Гусев Ю.А., Маккаева С.М., Маслова Е.В., Третьяк Е.Б., 20142014Гусев Ю.А., Маккаева С.М., Маслова Е.В., Третьяк Е.Б.Gusev Y.A., Makkaeva S.M., Maslova E.V., Tretyak E.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/30

Статья посвящена аспектам гидродинамики глаза до и после удаления осложненной катаракты и влиянию факоэмульсификации катаракты на уровень ВГД. Рассмотрены особенности функционирования путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости и состояния переднего отрезка глаза в пожилом возрасте, а также взаимосвязь между аккомодацией и регуляцией оттока водянистой влаги. Отдельное внимание уделено выбору оптимальной клинической рефракции и модели ИОЛ при офтальмогипертензии.

Different aspects of eye hydrodynamics before and following complicated cataract surgery as well as its impact on IOP levels are observed. Trabecular and uveoscleral outflow features, anterior eye segment anatomy and topography, associations between accommodation and aqueous humor outflow regulation in elderly patients are analyzed. Besides, optimal clinical refraction and IOL model selection are of special importance in cataract and glaucomapatients

катарактаВГДувеосклеральный путь оттокаИОЛ аккомодирующего типаcataractIOPuveoscleral outflowaccommodative IOLsReferencesEroshevskij T. I. [Eye diseases]. Glaznye bolezni. Moskva, [Moscow], 2008. [in Russ.].Eroshevskij T. I. [Eye diseases]. Glaznye bolezni. Moskva, [Moscow], 2008. [in Russ.].Toris C. B., Yablonski M. E., Wang Y. L., Camras C. B. Aqueous humor dynamics in the aging human eye. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1999; 127 (4): 407‑412.Toris C. B., Yablonski M. E., Wang Y. L., Camras C. B. Aqueous humor dynamics in the aging human eye. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1999; 127 (4): 407‑412.Tamm E. R. The trabecular meshwork outflow pathways: structural and functional aspects. Exp. Eye Res. 2009; 88 (4): 648‑655.Tamm E. R. The trabecular meshwork outflow pathways: structural and functional aspects. Exp. Eye Res. 2009; 88 (4): 648‑655.Chen Y., Bao Y. Z., Pei X. T. Morphologic changes in the anterior chamber in patients with cortical or nuclear age-related cataract. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2011; 37 (1): 77‑82.Chen Y., Bao Y. Z., Pei X. T. Morphologic changes in the anterior chamber in patients with cortical or nuclear age-related cataract. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2011; 37 (1): 77‑82.Sun J. H., Sung K. R., Yun S. C., Cheon M. H., Tchah H. W., Kim M. J., Kim J. Y. Factors associated with anterior chamber narrowing with age: an optical coherence tomography study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2012; 53 (6): 2607‑2610.Sun J. H., Sung K. R., Yun S. C., Cheon M. H., Tchah H. W., Kim M. J., Kim J. Y. Factors associated with anterior chamber narrowing with age: an optical coherence tomography study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2012; 53 (6): 2607‑2610.Lebedev O. I., Stoljarov G. M. [Features of an anatomic structure of uveoscleral way outflow’s intraocular liquid’s]. Osobennosti anatomicheskogo stroenija uveoskleral’nogo puti ottoka vnutriglaznoj zhidkosti. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2011; 1: 7‑9. [in Russ.].Lebedev O. I., Stoljarov G. M. [Features of an anatomic structure of uveoscleral way outflow’s intraocular liquid’s]. Osobennosti anatomicheskogo stroenija uveoskleral’nogo puti ottoka vnutriglaznoj zhidkosti. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2011; 1: 7‑9. [in Russ.].Bill A. Uveoscleral drainage of aqueous humor: physiology and pharmacology. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1989; 312: 417‑427.Bill A. Uveoscleral drainage of aqueous humor: physiology and pharmacology. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1989; 312: 417‑427.Alm A., Nilsson SF. Uveoscleral outflow — a review. Exp. Eye Res. 2009; 88 (4):760‑768.Alm A., Nilsson SF. Uveoscleral outflow — a review. Exp. Eye Res. 2009; 88 (4):760‑768.Sedacca K., Samuelson D., Lewis P. Examination of the anterior uveoscleral pathway in domestic species. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2012; 15: 1‑7.Sedacca K., Samuelson D., Lewis P. Examination of the anterior uveoscleral pathway in domestic species. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2012; 15: 1‑7.Nilsson S. F. The uveoscleral outflow routes. Eye (Lond). 1997; 11: 149‑154.Nilsson S. F. The uveoscleral outflow routes. Eye (Lond). 1997; 11: 149‑154.Zolotarev A. V., Karlova E. V., Nikolaeva G. A. [Role of trabeсul network in implementation of uveoscleral outflow]. Rol’ trabekuljarnoj seti v osushhestvlenii uveoskleral’nogo ottoka. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2006; 2: 67‑69. [in Russ.].Zolotarev A. V., Karlova E. V., Nikolaeva G. A. [Role of trabeсul network in implementation of uveoscleral outflow]. Rol’ trabekuljarnoj seti v osushhestvlenii uveoskleral’nogo ottoka. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2006; 2: 67‑69. [in Russ.].Gabelt B. T., Kaufman P. L. Changes in aqueous humor dynamics with age and glaucoma. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 2005; 24 (5): 612‑637.Gabelt B. T., Kaufman P. L. Changes in aqueous humor dynamics with age and glaucoma. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 2005; 24 (5): 612‑637.Gabelt B. T., Gottanka J., Lütjen-Drecoll E., Kaufman P. L. Aqueous humor dynamics and trabecular meshwork and anterior ciliary muscle morphologic changes with age in rhesus monkeys. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2003; 44 (5):2118‑2125.Gabelt B. T., Gottanka J., Lütjen-Drecoll E., Kaufman P. L. Aqueous humor dynamics and trabecular meshwork and anterior ciliary muscle morphologic changes with age in rhesus monkeys. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2003; 44 (5):2118‑2125.Filina N. V. [The characteristic of eye drainage zone in the person’s ontogenesis]. Harakteristika drenazhnoj zony glaza v ontogeneze cheloveka. Diss. … kand. med. nauk. Vladivostok., [PhD diss (Med Sci). Vladivostok]. 2010, 119. [in Russ.].Filina N. V. [The characteristic of eye drainage zone in the person’s ontogenesis]. Harakteristika drenazhnoj zony glaza v ontogeneze cheloveka. Diss. … kand. med. nauk. Vladivostok., [PhD diss (Med Sci). Vladivostok]. 2010, 119. [in Russ.].Marshall G. E., Konstas A. G., Lee W. R. Immunogold localization of type IV collagen and laminin in the aging human outflow system. Exp. Eye Res. 1990; 51 (6):691‑699.Marshall G. E., Konstas A. G., Lee W. R. Immunogold localization of type IV collagen and laminin in the aging human outflow system. Exp. Eye Res. 1990; 51 (6):691‑699.Vit V. V. [Structure of visual system of the person]. Stroenie zritel’noj sistemy cheloveka. Moskva, 2003. [Moscow: Astroprint]. [in Russ.].Vit V. V. [Structure of visual system of the person]. Stroenie zritel’noj sistemy cheloveka. Moskva, 2003. [Moscow: Astroprint]. [in Russ.].[Accommodation: The management for doctors. ed. L. A. Katargina], Akkomodacija:Rukovodstvo dlja vrachej. Pod red. L. A. Katarginoj, Moskva, Aprel’, [Moscow,April]. 2012. [in Russ.].[Accommodation: The management for doctors. ed. L. A. Katargina], Akkomodacija:Rukovodstvo dlja vrachej. Pod red. L. A. Katarginoj, Moskva, Aprel’, [Moscow,April]. 2012. [in Russ.].Svetlova O. V., Koshic I. N. [Interaction of the outflow main ways intraocular liquid’s with the accommodation mechanism: Manual], Vzaimodejstvie osnovnyh putej ottoka vnutriglaznoj zhidkosti s mehanizmom akkomodacii: Uchebnoe posobie,Svetlova O. V., Koshic I. N. [Interaction of the outflow main ways intraocular liquid’s with the accommodation mechanism: Manual], Vzaimodejstvie osnovnyh putej ottoka vnutriglaznoj zhidkosti s mehanizmom akkomodacii: Uchebnoe posobie,Izdatel’skij Dom SPb. SPb [Publishing House. MAPO], MAPO, 2002, 50. [in Russ.].Izdatel’skij Dom SPb. SPb [Publishing House. MAPO], MAPO, 2002, 50. [in Russ.].Ni Y., Liu X. L., Wu M. X., Lin Y., Sun Y. Y., He C., Liu Y. Z. Objective evaluation of the changes in the crystalline lens during accommodation in young and presbyopic populations using Pentacam HR system. Int. J. Ophthalmol. 2011; 4 (6):611‑615.Ni Y., Liu X. L., Wu M. X., Lin Y., Sun Y. Y., He C., Liu Y. Z. Objective evaluation of the changes in the crystalline lens during accommodation in young and presbyopic populations using Pentacam HR system. Int. J. Ophthalmol. 2011; 4 (6):611‑615.Zheng S. L., Zhang A., Shi J. J., Zhou Y. X. [Magnetic resonance imaging study of effects of accommodation on human lens morphological characters]. Zhonghua Yi. Xue. Za. Zhi. 2013 5; 93 (41): 3280‑3283.Zheng S. L., Zhang A., Shi J. J., Zhou Y. X. [Magnetic resonance imaging study of effects of accommodation on human lens morphological characters]. Zhonghua Yi. Xue. Za. Zhi. 2013 5; 93 (41): 3280‑3283.Gambra E., Ortiz S., Perez-Merino P., Gora M., Wojtkowski M., Marcos S. Static and dynamic crystalline lens accommodation evaluated using quantitative 3‑D OCT. Biomed. Opt. Express. 2013 8; 4 (9): 1595‑1609.Gambra E., Ortiz S., Perez-Merino P., Gora M., Wojtkowski M., Marcos S. Static and dynamic crystalline lens accommodation evaluated using quantitative 3‑D OCT. Biomed. Opt. Express. 2013 8; 4 (9): 1595‑1609.Peresypkin V. P., Zolotarev A. V., Peresypkin K. V., Ivanova E. A. [Research eye accommodation mechanism’s of the person final and element modeling basis’s]. Issledovanie mehanizma akkomodacii glaza cheloveka na osnove konechno — jelementnogo modelirovanija. Vestnik Samarskogo gosudarstvennogo ajerokosmicheskogo universiteta im. akad. S. P. Koroleva, [The messenger of the Samara state space University of Akkad. S. P. Koroleva]. 2006; 1 (9): 176‑186. [in Russ.].Peresypkin V. P., Zolotarev A. V., Peresypkin K. V., Ivanova E. A. [Research eye accommodation mechanism’s of the person final and element modeling basis’s]. Issledovanie mehanizma akkomodacii glaza cheloveka na osnove konechno — jelementnogo modelirovanija. Vestnik Samarskogo gosudarstvennogo ajerokosmicheskogo universiteta im. akad. S. P. Koroleva, [The messenger of the Samara state space University of Akkad. S. P. Koroleva]. 2006; 1 (9): 176‑186. [in Russ.].Zolotarev A. V., Karlova E. V., Stebneva M. G.. Pavlova O. V. [Uveoskleral outflow and accommodation: morphological and functional interrelation]. Uveoskleral’nyj ottok i akkomodacija: morfologicheskaja i funkcional’naja vzaimosvjaz’. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2009; 1: 15‑17. [in Russ.].Zolotarev A. V., Karlova E. V., Stebneva M. G.. Pavlova O. V. [Uveoskleral outflow and accommodation: morphological and functional interrelation]. Uveoskleral’nyj ottok i akkomodacija: morfologicheskaja i funkcional’naja vzaimosvjaz’. Klin. oftal’mol. [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2009; 1: 15‑17. [in Russ.].Dietlein T. S., Jordan J., Dinslage S., Lüke C., Krieglstein G. K. [Early postoperative spikes of the intraocular pressure (IOP) following phacoemulsification in latestage glaucoma]. Klin. Monbl. Augenheilkd. 2006; 223 (3): 225‑229.Dietlein T. S., Jordan J., Dinslage S., Lüke C., Krieglstein G. K. [Early postoperative spikes of the intraocular pressure (IOP) following phacoemulsification in latestage glaucoma]. Klin. Monbl. Augenheilkd. 2006; 223 (3): 225‑229.Levkovitch-Verbin H., Habot-Wilner Z., Burla N., Melamed S., Goldenfeld M., BarSela S. M., Sachs D. Intraocular pressure elevation within the first 24 hours after cataract surgery in patients with glaucoma or exfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology. 2008; 115 (1): 104‑108.Levkovitch-Verbin H., Habot-Wilner Z., Burla N., Melamed S., Goldenfeld M., BarSela S. M., Sachs D. Intraocular pressure elevation within the first 24 hours after cataract surgery in patients with glaucoma or exfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology. 2008; 115 (1): 104‑108.Fogagnolo P., Centofanti M., Figus M., Frezzotti P., Fea A., Ligorio P., Lembo A., Digiuni M., Lorenzi U., Rossetti L. Short-term changes in intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification in glaucoma patients. Ophthalmologica. 2012; 228 (3):154‑158.Fogagnolo P., Centofanti M., Figus M., Frezzotti P., Fea A., Ligorio P., Lembo A., Digiuni M., Lorenzi U., Rossetti L. Short-term changes in intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification in glaucoma patients. Ophthalmologica. 2012; 228 (3):154‑158.Shrivastava A., Singh K. The effect of cataract extraction on intraocular pressure. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 2010; 21 (2): 118‑122.Shrivastava A., Singh K. The effect of cataract extraction on intraocular pressure. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 2010; 21 (2): 118‑122.Augustinus C. J., Zeyen T. The effect of phacoemulsification and combined phaco / glaucoma procedures on the intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma. A review of the literature. Bul.l Soc. Belge Ophtalmol. 2012; 320: 51‑66.Augustinus C. J., Zeyen T. The effect of phacoemulsification and combined phaco / glaucoma procedures on the intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma. A review of the literature. Bul.l Soc. Belge Ophtalmol. 2012; 320: 51‑66.Agafonova V. V., Frankovska-Gerlak M. Z., Chubar’ V. S. [Change of intraocular pressure level at patients with open-angle glaucoma after cataract facoemulsification (the review of literature of 2012)]. [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. Izmenenie urovnja vnutriglaznogo davlenija u pacientov s otkrytougol’noj glaukomoj posle fakojemul’sifikacii katarakty (obzor literatury 2012 g.). Glaukoma: teorii., tendencii., tehnologii: Sborn. nauchn. st. XI Mezhdunar. kongr. — Moskva, 2013; 16‑18. [in Russ.].Agafonova V. V., Frankovska-Gerlak M. Z., Chubar’ V. S. [Change of intraocular pressure level at patients with open-angle glaucoma after cataract facoemulsification (the review of literature of 2012)]. [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. Izmenenie urovnja vnutriglaznogo davlenija u pacientov s otkrytougol’noj glaukomoj posle fakojemul’sifikacii katarakty (obzor literatury 2012 g.). Glaukoma: teorii., tendencii., tehnologii: Sborn. nauchn. st. XI Mezhdunar. kongr. — Moskva, 2013; 16‑18. [in Russ.].Apostolova A. S., Kurysheva N. I. [Role of cataract facoemulsification in intraocular pressure decrease at psevdoexfoliative glaucoma]. Rol’ fakojemul’sifikacii katarakty v snizhenii oftal’motonusa pri psevdojeksfoliativnoj glaukome. Glaukoma: teorii., tendencii., tehnologii: Sborn. nauchn. st. XI Mezhdunar. kongr. — Moskva, [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. 2013; 40‑43. [in Russ.].Apostolova A. S., Kurysheva N. I. [Role of cataract facoemulsification in intraocular pressure decrease at psevdoexfoliative glaucoma]. Rol’ fakojemul’sifikacii katarakty v snizhenii oftal’motonusa pri psevdojeksfoliativnoj glaukome. Glaukoma: teorii., tendencii., tehnologii: Sborn. nauchn. st. XI Mezhdunar. kongr. — Moskva, [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. 2013; 40‑43. [in Russ.].Gusev Yu. A. Сomparative study of anterior chamber parameters following Crystalens HD and Acrysof implantation. European Society Of Cataract And Refractive Surgeons, XХIХ Congress, 2011, P. 52Gusev Yu. A. Сomparative study of anterior chamber parameters following Crystalens HD and Acrysof implantation. European Society Of Cataract And Refractive Surgeons, XХIХ Congress, 2011, P. 52Yang H. S., Lee J., Choi S. Ocular biometric parameters associated with intraocular pressure reduction after cataract surgery in normal eyes. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2013; 156 (1): 89‑94.Yang H. S., Lee J., Choi S. Ocular biometric parameters associated with intraocular pressure reduction after cataract surgery in normal eyes. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2013; 156 (1): 89‑94.Liu X. Q., Zhu H. Y., Su J., Hao X. J. Effects of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure and anterior chamber depth. Exp. Ther. Med. 2013; 5 (2): 507‑510.Liu X. Q., Zhu H. Y., Su J., Hao X. J. Effects of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure and anterior chamber depth. Exp. Ther. Med. 2013; 5 (2): 507‑510.Slabaugh M. A., Bojikian K. D., Moore D. B., Chen P. P. The effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure in medically controlled open-angle glaucoma patients. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014; 157 (1): 26‑31.Slabaugh M. A., Bojikian K. D., Moore D. B., Chen P. P. The effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure in medically controlled open-angle glaucoma patients. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2014; 157 (1): 26‑31.Zolotarev A. V., Stebneva I. G., Karlova E. V., Pavlova O. V. [Hypotensive facoemulsification effect and postoperative clinical refraction: whether there is an interrelation?] Gipotenzivnyj jeffekt fakojemul’sifikacii i posleoperacionnaja klinicheskaja refrakcija: sushhestvuet li vzaimosvjaz’? Mat-ly VIII Vseros. Nauchn.‑prakt. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem «Fedorovskie chtenija». Moskva. [Materials VIII of Russ. scientific and practical conference with international participation «FedorovskyZolotarev A. V., Stebneva I. G., Karlova E. V., Pavlova O. V. [Hypotensive facoemulsification effect and postoperative clinical refraction: whether there is an interrelation?] Gipotenzivnyj jeffekt fakojemul’sifikacii i posleoperacionnaja klinicheskaja refrakcija: sushhestvuet li vzaimosvjaz’? Mat-ly VIII Vseros. Nauchn.‑prakt. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem «Fedorovskie chtenija». Moskva. [Materials VIII of Russ. scientific and practical conference with international participation «Fedorovskyreadings». Moscow]. 2009. [in Russ.].readings». Moscow]. 2009. [in Russ.].Kalizhnikova E. A., Lebedev O. I. [Hypotensive effect of cataract extraction: questions remain]. Gipotenzivnyj jeffekt jekstrakcii katarakty: voprosy ostajutsja. Matly Mezhdunar. kong. «Glaukoma: teorii, tendencii, tehnologii. HRT Klub Rossija. Sb. nauchn. st. — Moskva. [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. 2012. [in Russ.].Kalizhnikova E. A., Lebedev O. I. [Hypotensive effect of cataract extraction: questions remain]. Gipotenzivnyj jeffekt jekstrakcii katarakty: voprosy ostajutsja. Matly Mezhdunar. kong. «Glaukoma: teorii, tendencii, tehnologii. HRT Klub Rossija. Sb. nauchn. st. — Moskva. [Glaucoma: theories, tendencies, technologies: in Conf. proc. XI International congress. Moscow]. 2012. [in Russ.].Kee C., Moon S.‑H. Effect of cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation on outflow facility and its response to pilocarpine in Korean subjects. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 2000; 84: 987‑989.Kee C., Moon S.‑H. Effect of cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation on outflow facility and its response to pilocarpine in Korean subjects. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 2000; 84: 987‑989.Pereira FA., Cronemberger S. Ultrasound biomicroscopic study of anterior segment changes after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation. Ophthalmology. 2003; 110 (9): 1799‑1806.Pereira FA., Cronemberger S. Ultrasound biomicroscopic study of anterior segment changes after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation. Ophthalmology. 2003; 110 (9): 1799‑1806.Langenbucher A., Huber S., Nguyen N. X., Seitz B., Gusek-Schneider G. C., Küchle M. Measurement of accommodation after implantation of an accommodating posterior chamber intraocular lens. J. Cataract Refract Surg. 2003; 29: 677‑685.Langenbucher A., Huber S., Nguyen N. X., Seitz B., Gusek-Schneider G. C., Küchle M. Measurement of accommodation after implantation of an accommodating posterior chamber intraocular lens. J. Cataract Refract Surg. 2003; 29: 677‑685.Ul’janov A. N. [First experience of use of accommodate IOL Crystalens HD500]. Pervyj opyt ispol’zovanija akkomodacionnoj IOL Crystalens HD500. Sovremennye tehnologii kataraktal’noj i refrakcionnoj hirurgii. [Modern technologies of cataract and refraction surgery: in Conf. proc.]. 2009; 207‑210. [in Russ.].Ul’janov A. N. [First experience of use of accommodate IOL Crystalens HD500]. Pervyj opyt ispol’zovanija akkomodacionnoj IOL Crystalens HD500. Sovremennye tehnologii kataraktal’noj i refrakcionnoj hirurgii. [Modern technologies of cataract and refraction surgery: in Conf. proc.]. 2009; 207‑210. [in Russ.].Shilovskih O. V., Ul’janov A. N. [First experience of use accommodate IOL’s Crystalens HD 500]. Pervyj opyt ispol’zovanija akkomodacionnoj IOL Crystalens HD 500. Mezhdunarodnaja nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija po oftal’mohirurgii «Vostok-Zapad»: Sb. nauchnyh trudov. Ufa, [in conf. proc. International scientific and practical conference on an ophthalmosurgery «East-West». Ufa]. 2010; 148‑150. [in Russ.].Shilovskih O. V., Ul’janov A. N. [First experience of use accommodate IOL’s Crystalens HD 500]. Pervyj opyt ispol’zovanija akkomodacionnoj IOL Crystalens HD 500. Mezhdunarodnaja nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija po oftal’mohirurgii «Vostok-Zapad»: Sb. nauchnyh trudov. Ufa, [in conf. proc. International scientific and practical conference on an ophthalmosurgery «East-West». Ufa]. 2010; 148‑150. [in Russ.].Dhital A., Spalton D. J., Gala K. B. Comparison of near vision., intraocular lens movement., and depth of focus with accommodating and monofocal intraocular lenses. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2013; 39 (12): 1872‑1878.Dhital A., Spalton D. J., Gala K. B. Comparison of near vision., intraocular lens movement., and depth of focus with accommodating and monofocal intraocular lenses. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2013; 39 (12): 1872‑1878.Pérez-Vives C., Montés-Micó R., López-Gil N., Ferrer-Blasco T., García-Lázaro S. Crystalens HD intraocular lens analysis using an adaptive optics visual simulator. Optom. Vis. Sci. 2013; 90 (12): 1413‑1423.Pérez-Vives C., Montés-Micó R., López-Gil N., Ferrer-Blasco T., García-Lázaro S. Crystalens HD intraocular lens analysis using an adaptive optics visual simulator. Optom. Vis. Sci. 2013; 90 (12): 1413‑1423.Marcos S., Ortiz S., Pérez-Merino P., Birkenfeld J., Durán S., Jiménez-Alfaro I. Three-dimensional evaluation of accommodating intraocular lens shift and alignment in vivo. Ophthalmology. 2014; 121 (1): 45‑55.Marcos S., Ortiz S., Pérez-Merino P., Birkenfeld J., Durán S., Jiménez-Alfaro I. Three-dimensional evaluation of accommodating intraocular lens shift and alignment in vivo. Ophthalmology. 2014; 121 (1): 45‑55.Waltz K. The Crystalens™ changes its radius of curvature. Cataract Refract. Surg. Today. 2005; 20: 66‑68.Waltz K. The Crystalens™ changes its radius of curvature. Cataract Refract. Surg. Today. 2005; 20: 66‑68.Wolffsohn J. S., Davies L. N., Gupta N., Naroo S. A., Gibson G. A., Mihashi T., Shah S. Mechanism of action of the Tetraflex accommodative intraocular lens. J. Refract. Surg. 2010; 26 (11): 858‑862.Wolffsohn J. S., Davies L. N., Gupta N., Naroo S. A., Gibson G. A., Mihashi T., Shah S. Mechanism of action of the Tetraflex accommodative intraocular lens. J. Refract. Surg. 2010; 26 (11): 858‑862.Tahir H. J., Tong J. L., Geissler S., Vedamurthy I., Schor C. M. Effects of accommodation training on accommodation and depth of focus in an eye implanted with a Crystalens intraocular lens. J. Refract. Surg. 2010; 26 (10): 772‑779.Tahir H. J., Tong J. L., Geissler S., Vedamurthy I., Schor C. M. Effects of accommodation training on accommodation and depth of focus in an eye implanted with a Crystalens intraocular lens. J. Refract. Surg. 2010; 26 (10): 772‑779.Marchini G., Pedrotti E., Sartori P., Tosi R. Ultrasound biomicroscopic changes during accommodation in eyes with accommodating intraocular lenses: pilot study and hypothesis for the mechanism of accommodation. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2004; 30 (12): 2476‑2482.Marchini G., Pedrotti E., Sartori P., Tosi R. Ultrasound biomicroscopic changes during accommodation in eyes with accommodating intraocular lenses: pilot study and hypothesis for the mechanism of accommodation. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 2004; 30 (12): 2476‑2482.Isaev M. A. [Research of clinic-functional characteristics of accommodate function of patients eyes’s with monofocal IOL various designs]. Issledovanie kliniko-funkcional’nyh harakteristik akkomodacionnoj funkcii glaz pacientov s monofokal’nymi iol razlichnyh konstrukcij. Avtoref. diss. … kand. med. nauk, Moskva, [PhD diss (Med Sci) Synopsis]. 2013. [in Russ.].Isaev M. A. [Research of clinic-functional characteristics of accommodate function of patients eyes’s with monofocal IOL various designs]. Issledovanie kliniko-funkcional’nyh harakteristik akkomodacionnoj funkcii glaz pacientov s monofokal’nymi iol razlichnyh konstrukcij. Avtoref. diss. … kand. med. nauk, Moskva, [PhD diss (Med Sci) Synopsis]. 2013. [in Russ.].

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.