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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-3-549-556</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-3060</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ближняя, промежуточная и дальняя дистанции в оценке зрительных функций после имплантации интраокулярных линз: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Near, Intermediate and Distance Vision Assessment after Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-6993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Алексей Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии, начальник кафедры и клиники </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulikov Alexey N., MD, Рrofessor, head of Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Academician Lebedev str., 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-9232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коскин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koskin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коскин Сергей Алексеевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, доцент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koskin Sergey A., MD, Professor, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Academician Lebedev str., 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-6864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюхно</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryuhno</surname><given-names>P. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брюхно Полина Романовна, врач‑офтальмолог офтальмологического отделения </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bryuhno Polina R., оphthalmologist</p><p>Academician Lebedev str., 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6384-0117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>А. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Александр Романович, заведующий офтальмологическим отделением </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuznetsov Alexandr R., head of the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Academician Lebedev str., 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Military Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>549</fpage><lpage>556</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куликов А.Н., Коскин С.А., Брюхно П.Р., Кузнецов А.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куликов А.Н., Коскин С.А., Брюхно П.Р., Кузнецов А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulikov A.N., Koskin S.A., Bryuhno P.R., Kuznetsov А.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3060">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3060</self-uri><abstract><p>За последние десятилетия в связи с широким распространением цифровых технологий, увеличением продолжительности жизни и сохранением профессиональной и социальной активности пациентов старших возрастных групп существенно возросли требования к качеству зрения на различных рабочих дистанциях. У пациентов с пресбиопией и возрастной катарактой после имплантации интраокулярной линзы (ИОЛ) особое значение приобретает оценка зрительных функций не только на дальней, но и на промежуточной (средней) и ближней дистанции. Однако в клинической практике и научных исследованиях до настоящего времени отсутствует единый стандартизированный подход к определению метрических значений этих дистанций. Настоящая обзорная статья посвящена анализу отечественных и зарубежных литературных источников, нормативных документов, рекомендаций профессиональных сообществ и данных производителей ИОЛ, касающихся оценки остроты зрения на дальней, промежуточной и ближней дистанциях. Показано, что для оценки зрения вдаль в различных странах используется расстояние до 6 м. Промежуточная дистанция характеризуется наибольшей вариабельностью и в литературе варьирует от 50 до 80 см, что связано с различиями в зрительных задачах и расстояниях до цифровых устройств. Ближняя дистанция, как правило, оценивается на расстоянии 33–40 см.</p><p>Отдельное внимание уделено кривым дефокусировки как дополнительному инструменту оценки глубины фокуса и функционального зрения у пациентов с артифакией, а также обсуждаются ограничения их интерпретации без сопоставления с измерениями остроты зрения на фиксированных расстояниях. Необходимость унификации подходов к оценке зрения на промежуточной дистанции в отечественной офтальмологии и целесообразность использования расстояния 66 см как клинически значимого, функционально оправданного и наиболее универсального представляются актуальными на сегодняшний день.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent decades, the widespread use of digital technologies, increased life expectancy, and sustained professional and social activity among older adults have significantly raised expectations for visual performance at multiple working distances. In patients with presbyopia and age-related cataract undergoing intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, the assessment of visual function at far, intermediate, and near distances has therefore become increasingly important. However, in clinical practice and scientific research there is still no single standardized approach to determining the metric values of these distances. This narrative review analyzes Russian and international publications, regulatory documents, professional guidelines, and manufacturer data related to the assessment of visual acuity at far, intermediate, and near distances. The review demonstrates that distance visual acuity is evaluated at varying test distances ranging to 6 m. Intermediate viewing distance shows the greatest variability, ranging from 50 to 80 cm across studies, largely reflecting differences in visual tasks and typical distances to digital devices. Near visual acuity is most commonly assessed at distances of 33–40 cm. Special attention is given to defocus curves as an adjunctive method for evaluating depth of focus and functional visual performance in pseudophakic patients. The limitations of interpreting defocus curves without direct correlation to real-distance visual acuity measurements are discussed. The need for unification of approaches to assessing vision at an intermediate distance in domestic ophthalmology and the feasibility of using a distance of 66 cm as clinically significant, functionally justified and the most universal seems relevant today.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ближняя дистанция</kwd><kwd>дальняя дистанция</kwd><kwd>интраокулярная линза</kwd><kwd>острота зрения</kwd><kwd>пресбиопия</kwd><kwd>промежуточная дистанция</kwd><kwd>средняя дистанция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>far distance</kwd><kwd>intermediate distance</kwd><kwd>intraocular lens</kwd><kwd>near distance</kwd><kwd>presbyopia</kwd><kwd>visual acuity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Attia MS, Auffarth GU, Khoramnia R, Linz K, Kretz FT. 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