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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-3-564-572</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-3062</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение лазерного излучения с целью модуляции трабекулярного оттока в комплексном лечении глаукомы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Laser Radiation for Modulation of Trabecular Outflow in Comprehensive Glaucoma Management</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-9537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцов</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скворцов Вячеслав Юрьевич, кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6ж, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Skvortsov Vyacheslav Yu., PhD, lecturer of the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Akademician Lebedev str., 6Zh, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-6993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>A. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Алексей Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник кафедры и клиники офтальмологии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6ж, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulikov Alexey N., MD, Professor, head of the Ophthalmology Department and Clinic of Ophthalmology </p><p>Akademician Lebedev str., 6Zh, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-0421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симакова</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simakova</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симакова Ирина Леонидовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6ж, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simakova Irina L., MD, Professor, Professor of the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Akademician Lebedev str., 6Zh, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3485-8227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тулин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тулин Дмитрий Валерьевич, врач‑офтальмолог клиники офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6ж, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tulin Dmitry V., ophthalmologist</p><p>Akademician Lebedev str., 6Zh, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>564</fpage><lpage>572</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скворцов В.Ю., Куликов A.Н., Симакова И.Л., Тулин Д.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скворцов В.Ю., Куликов A.Н., Симакова И.Л., Тулин Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skvortsov V.Y., Kulikov A.N., Simakova I.L., Tulin D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3062">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3062</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: проанализировать эволюцию, механизмы действия, клиническую эффективность и безопасность лазерной модуляции трабекулярного оттока в комплексном лечении глаукомы, а также оценить современные и перспективные лазерные технологии, направленные на улучшение контроля внутриглазного давления.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проведен обзор экспериментальных и клинических исследований, посвященных лазерным методикам модуляции трабекулярного оттока. Рассмотрены аргон-лазерная трабекулопластика, селективная лазерная трабекулопластика, методы гидродинамической активации на основе Nd:YAG-лазера, эксимер-лазерная трабекулостомия и инфракрасные лазерные подходы. Оценивались механизмы действия, параметры воздействия, степень снижения внутриглазного давления, продолжительность гипотензивного эффекта, профиль осложнений и влияние на медикаментозную нагрузку на основании представленного материала.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Аргон-лазерная трабекулопластика обеспечивала снижение внутриглазного давления в среднем на 30 %, однако ее долгосрочная эффективность снижалась с течением времени и сопровождалась риском послеоперационных подъемов давления и структурных изменений. Селективная лазерная трабекулопластика обеспечивала снижение давления на 21,8–29,4 % в течение первых шести месяцев при благоприятном профиле безопасности и меньшем повреждении тканей; медиана продолжительности эффекта составляла около двух лет. Методы активации на основе Nd:YAG-лазера демонстрировали значимое снижение внутриглазного давления и уменьшение медикаментозной нагрузки, однако в ряде случаев требовали повторного вмешательства. Эксимер-лазерная трабекулостомия обеспечивала стойкое и длительное снижение давления при минимальном термическом повреждении тканей, что подтверждает ее роль в минимально инвазивной хирургии глаукомы. Инфракрасные лазерные системы с высокой абсорбцией воды продемонстрировали перспективную точность в экспериментальных условиях, однако их клиническое применение ограничено техническими сложностями доставки излучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Лазерная модуляция трабекулярного оттока является эффективной и относительно безопасной стратегией снижения внутриглазного давления при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме. Несмотря на доказанную клиническую эффективность, ограниченная продолжительность гипотензивного эффекта остается актуальной проблемой для ряда методик. Совершенствование параметров лазерного воздействия и систем доставки энергии необходимо для улучшения отдаленных результатов лечения глаукомы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives: to analyze the evolution, mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and safety of laser-based modulation of trabecular outflow in the comprehensive management of glaucoma, and to evaluate current and emerging laser technologies aimed at improving intraocular pressure control.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A structured analysis of experimental and clinical studies describing laser techniques for trabecular modulation was performed. The review included argon laser trabeculoplasty, selective laser trabeculoplasty, Nd:YAG-based hydrodynamic activation methods, excimer laser trabeculostomy, and infrared laser approaches. Data on the action mechanisms, treatment parameters, intraocular pressure reduction, durability of effect, complication profile, and impact on medication burden were assessed based exclusively on the presented material.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Argon laser trabeculoplasty demonstrated a mean intraocular pressure reduction of approximately 30 %, but its long-term efficacy declined over time and was associated with postoperative pressure spikes and structural alterations. Selective laser trabeculoplasty provided a 21.8–29.4 % reduction within six months, with a favorable safety profile and reduced tissue damage; however, the median duration of effect was approximately two years. Nd:YAG-based activation techniques showed significant intraocular pressure reduction and decreased medication burden, though repeat procedures were required in a subset of patients. Excimer laser trabeculostomy achieved sustained pressure reduction with a stable long-term effect and minimal thermal injury, supporting its role within minimally invasive glaucoma surgery. Infrared laser systems, particularly those targeting wavelengths with high water absorption, demonstrated promising experimental precision but were limited by technical delivery constraints.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Laser modulation of trabecular outflow represents an effective and relatively safe strategy for intraocular pressure reduction in primary open-angle glaucoma. Despite proven clinical benefit, durability of effect remains a limitation for several techniques. Further refinement of laser parameters and development of optimized delivery systems are essential to enhance long-term outcomes in glaucoma surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>внутриглазное давление</kwd><kwd>трабекулярная сеть</kwd><kwd>селективная лазерная трабекулопластика</kwd><kwd>эксимер-лазерная трабекулостомия</kwd><kwd>Nd:YAG-лазер</kwd><kwd>минимально инвазивная хирургия глаукомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>intraocular pressure</kwd><kwd>trabecular meshwork</kwd><kwd>selective laser trabeculoplasty</kwd><kwd>excimer laser trabeculostomy</kwd><kwd>Nd:YAG laser</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive glaucoma surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boland MV, Ervin AM, Friedman DS, Jampel HD, Hawkins BS, Vollenweider D, Chelladurai Y, Ward D, Suarez-Cuervo C, Robinson KA. 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