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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-3-672-682</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-3074</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гипертоническая болезнь как коморбидное заболевание и фактор риска неблагоприятного ответа на анти-VEGF терапию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hypertension as a Comorbid Disease and a Risk Factor for an Adverse Response to Anti-VEGF Therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-725X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капкова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapkova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капкова Светлана Георгиевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая офтальмологическим отделением, доцент кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kapkova Svetlana G., PhD, head of the Ophthalmology Department, Assistant Professor </p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0773-1933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геворкян Армине Сейрановна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач‑офтальмохирург </p><p>проезд Березовой Рощи, 12, Москва, 125252</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gevorkyan Armine S., PhD, ophthalmologist </p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-7217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantseva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лихванцева Вера Геннадьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098, </p><p>Волоколамское шоссе, 91, Москва, 125310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Likhvantseva Vera G., MD, Professor of the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098, </p><p>Volokolamskoe highway, 91, Moscow, 125310</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9171-1955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плиева</surname><given-names>Х. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plieva</surname><given-names>Kh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плиева Хава Магомедовна, ассистент кафедры глазных болезней, врач‑офтальмолог </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Plieva Khava M., Assistant Professor, ophthalmologist at the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-1434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяк</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyak</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Третьяк Евгения Борисовна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач офтальмологического отделения </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tretyak Evgeniya B., PhD, ophthalmologist </p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-8950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Светлана Игоревна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры глазных болезней </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, 15, Москва, 123098</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rychkova Svetlana I., MD, Associate Professor at the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Berezovoy Roshchi Proyezd, 12, Moscow, 125252,</p><p>Gamalei str., 15, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia;&#13;
Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологическая клиника «Спектр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia;&#13;
A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>672</fpage><lpage>682</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Капкова С.Г., Геворкян А.С., Лихванцева В.Г., Плиева Х.М., Третьяк Е.Б., Рычкова С.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Капкова С.Г., Геворкян А.С., Лихванцева В.Г., Плиева Х.М., Третьяк Е.Б., Рычкова С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kapkova S.G., Gevorkyan A.S., Likhvantseva V.G., Plieva K.M., Tretyak E.B., Rychkova S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3074">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3074</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: всесторонняя оценка гипертонической болезни как коморбидного заболевания и потенциального фактора риска неблагоприятного ответа на анти-VEGF терапию при МНВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Исследование имело проспективный когортный дизайн. Наблюдали 321 больного с МНВ (321 глаз) в возрасте от 50 до 93 лет (210 женщин, 111 мужчин) со всеми типами рефракции: от +6,0 до -16,0 дптр. Диагностику проводили по МКБ-10 (Н35.3). Определяли максимально корригированную остроту зрения (МКОЗ), измеряли внутриглазное давление (ВГД), выполняли биомикроскопию переднего и заднего сегментов глаза, ОКТ и ОКТ-А. Больных с активной МНВ лечили интравитреальными инъекциями (ИВИ) Афлиберцепта в соответствии с Федеральными клиническими рекомендациями в фиксированном режиме.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Гипертоническую болезнь (ГБ) оценивали в качестве коморбидного заболевания, отягощающего клиническое течение МНВ, и фактора риска неблагоприятного ответа на антиангиогенную терапию. Гипертоническая болезнь встречалась в когорте МНВ (321 человек, 321 глаз) в 35 % случаев. Установлено, что больные МНВ с ГБ+ были ≈ на 2 года старше пациентов без ГБ, 51 % их был старше 75 лет, у 50,9 % был выявлен атеросклероз, 30,4 % страдали сахарным диабетом и в 38,2 % имелось ожирение I–II степени. В 93,8 % случаев их САД превышало 140 мм рт. ст., в 36 % ДАД превышало 90 мм рт. ст. Маркером ГБ+ были признаки фоновой сосудистой ретинопатии (в 72 % случаев присутствовал симптом Гвиста). Эффективность антиангиогенной терапии была сопоставимой: при МНВ без ГБ — 43,5 % нереспондентов против 51 % в группе МНВ с ГБ+ (недостоверно, р = 0,22), при том что в 2 раза чаще приходилось переводить больных МНВ с ГБ+ на другой препарат. При ГБ хуже резорбировались субретинальная жидкость (SRF) и интраретинальная жидкость (IRF). К началу лечения частота SRF при МНВ без ГБ составляла 53,3 % против 66,1 % в группе ГБ+ (недостоверно), в ходе лечения она снижалась до 47,0 % в группе без ГБ и 63,0 % в группе с ГБ+. Межгрупповые различия по частоте SRF на выходе из загрузочного курса расценены как сильная тенденция (р = 0,08) к снижению терапевтического эффекта при АН+.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Таким образом, гипертоническая болезнь является наиболее распространенным коморбидным заболеванием при МНВ: встречается в 35 % случаев. Несмотря на то что в целом частота нереспонденции в ответ на антиангиогенную терапию при коморбидности МНВ и ГБ сопоставима с показателями больных МНВ без ГБ (51,0 % против 43,5 %, недостоверно), тем не менее вероятность перевода на другой препарат по разным клиническим показаниям повышается в 2 раза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The purpose</title><p>The purpose: a comprehensive assessment of hypertension as a comorbid disease and a potential risk factor for an adverse response to anti-VEGF therapy in MNV.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. This prospective cohort study included 321 patients with MNV (321 eyes), aged 50–93 years, including 210 women and 111 men. All types of refractive error, ranging from +6.0 to -16.0 diopters, were represented. The diagnosis was established according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10; H35.3). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed. Patients with active MNV were treated with intravitreal aflibercept injections administered according to a fixed regimen in compliance with the Russian federal clinical guidelines.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Hypertension (AH) was assessed as a comorbid disease that worsens the clinical course of MNV and a risk factor for an adverse response to antiangiogenic therapy. Hypertension was found in the cohort of MNV (321 people, 321 eyes) in 35 % of cases. It was found that patients with MNV with AH + were about 2 years older than patients without AH, 51% of them were over 75 years old, 50.9 % had atherosclerosis, 30.4 % suffered from diabetes mellitus; and 38.2 % had grade 1–2 obesity. In 93.8 % of cases, their SBP exceeded 140 mmHg, in 36 % of their DBP exceeded 90 mmHg. The marker of AH + had signs of background vascular retinopathy (in 72 % of cases, the symptom of Guist was present). The effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy was comparable: 43.5 % of non-responders were present with MNV without AH, compared to 51% in the MNV group with AH+ (n/a; p = 0.22), despite the fact that patients with MNV with AH+ had to be transferred to another drug twice as often. In AH, subretinal fluid (SRF) and intraretinal fluid (IRF) were less well resorbed. By the beginning of treatment, the frequency of SRF in MNV without AH was 53.3 % versus 66.1 % in the AH+ group (n/a), during treatment it decreased to 47.0 % in the group without AH, and 63.0 % in the group with AH+. Intergroup differences in the frequency of SRF at the end of the loading course were regarded as a strong tendency (p = 0.08) to decrease the therapeutic effect in AH+.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Thus, hypertension is the most common comorbid disease in the cohort of patients with MNV: it occurs in 35 % of cases. Despite the fact that, in general, the frequency of non-compliance in response to antiangiogenic therapy in patients with comorbidity of MNV and AH is comparable to that of patients with MNV without AH (51.0 % vs. 43.5 %, n/a), nevertheless, the probability of transfer to another drug for various clinical indications increases 2 times more often.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>возрастная макулярная дегенерация</kwd><kwd>макулярная неоваскуляризация</kwd><kwd>гипертоническая болезнь</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>коморбидные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>age-related macular degeneration</kwd><kwd>macular neovascularization</kwd><kwd>hypertension</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>comorbid diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J, Suh HS, Hwang IC. 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