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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2026-3-689-696</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-3076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поэтапное ведение пациентов с глаукомой на основе концепции естественной и альтернативной дренажных систем: ретроспективное наблюдательное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Staged Management of Glaucoma Based on the Concept of Natural and Alternative Drainage Systems: a Retrospective Observational Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6147-5593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расческов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rascheskov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Расческов Александр Юрьевич, кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач </p><p>ул. Патриса Лумумбы, 28а, Казань, 420000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rascheskov Alexandr Yu., PhD, chief physician </p><p>Patrisa Lumumbi str., 28A, Kazan, 420000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-8281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расческов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rascheskov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Расческов Арсений Александрович, врач‑офтальмолог, заведующий отделением </p><p>ул. Патриса Лумумбы, 28а, Казань, 420000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rascheskov Arsenii A., ophthalmologist, head of the Ophthalmology Department </p><p>Patrisa Lumumbi str., 28A, Kazan, 420000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0057-3338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоскутов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loskutov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лоскутов Игорь Арсеньевич, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой офтальмологии и оптометрии, главный внештатный специалист‑офтальмолог </p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110, </p><p>бульвар Строителей, 1, Красногорск, Московская область, 143407</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Loskutov Igor A., MD, head of the Ophthalmology and Optometry Academic Department, chief external specialist for ophthalmology </p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110, </p><p>Stroiteley blvd., 1, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, 143407</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Глазная хирургия Расческов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye surgery Rascheskov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт имени М.Ф. Владимирского»;&#13;
Министерство здравоохранения Московской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI);&#13;
Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>689</fpage><lpage>696</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Расческов А.Ю., Расческов А.А., Лоскутов И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Расческов А.Ю., Расческов А.А., Лоскутов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rascheskov A.Y., Rascheskov A.A., Loskutov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3076">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/3076</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: проанализировать эффективность поэтапного подхода к ведению пациентов с глаукомой, основанного на последовательном применении методов, направленных на сохранение, восстановление и при необходимости создание новых путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное наблюдательное исследование, включавшее 14 738 пациентов с различными формами глаукомы, находившихся под наблюдением в офтальмологической клинике «Глазная хирургия Расческов» в период с 2015 по 2025 г. Лечение проводилось поэтапно и включало медикаментозную терапию, лазерные методы, реконструктивные вмешательства, а также операции, направленные на формирование альтернативных путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости. Оценивали распределение пациентов по этапам лечения и частоту достижения стабильного внутриглазного давления без признаков прогрессирования глаукомы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На компенсаторном этапе стабилизация внутриглазного давления была достигнута у 5309 пациентов. Реконструктивные вмешательства были выполнены у 8973 пациентов, из них факоэмульсификация катаракты с имплантацией интраокулярной линзы — у 6295, лазерные методы — у 2124, трабекулотомия ab interno — у 103, другие вмешательства — у 451 пациента. Формирование альтернативных путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости потребовалось у 456 пациентов, включая непроникающую глубокую склерэктомию — в 245 случаях, имплантацию дренажа Ahmed — в 190 и имплантацию микрошунта PRESERFLO — в 21. В большинстве наблюдений стабилизация внутриглазного давления была достигнута без необходимости формирования альтернативной дренажной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Поэтапный подход к лечению глаукомы, основанный на последовательном применении методов, направленных на восстановление функции естественных путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости и формирование альтернативных путей при их недостаточности, позволяет систематизировать выбор лечебной тактики и добиться стабильного контроля внутриглазного давления у большинства пациентов. Реконструктивные вмешательства, включая факоэмульсификацию катаракты, играют важную роль как в улучшении оттока внутриглазной жидкости, так и в подготовке к возможному последующему хирургическому лечению глаукомы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: tо evaluate the effectiveness of a stepwise approach to the management of patients with glaucoma based on the sequential use of methods aimed at preservation, restoration, and, if necessary, creation of new pathways for aqueous humor outflow.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective observational study included 14 738 patients with different types of glaucoma treated at the ophthalmic clinic “Rascheskov Eye Surgery” between 2015 and 2025. Treatment was performed according to a stepwise strategy including medical therapy, laser procedures, reconstructive interventions, and surgical techniques aimed at creating alternative aqueous humor outflow pathways. The distribution of patients across treatment stages and the rate of intraocular pressure stabilization without signs of glaucoma progression were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Stable intraocular pressure was achieved at the compensatory stage in 5309 patients. Reconstructive procedures were performed in 8973 patients, including phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in 6295 cases, laser procedures in 2124 cases, ab interno trabeculotomy in 103 cases, and other types of interventions in 451 cases. Formation of alternative aqueous humor outflow pathways was required in 456 patients, including non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (245), Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation (190), and PRESERFLO microshunt implantation (21). In the majority of cases, intraocular pressure stabilization was achieved without the need for formation of an alternative drainage system.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A stepwise approach to glaucoma treatment based on the sequential use of methods aimed at restoration of physiological aqueous humor outflow and creation of alternative pathways when necessary allows a more structured selection of surgical strategy and provides stable intraocular pressure control in most patients. Reconstructive procedures, including phacoemulsification, play an important role not only in improving ocular hydrodynamics but also in preparing anatomical conditions for possible subsequent glaucoma surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>внутриглазное давление</kwd><kwd>дренажная система глаза</kwd><kwd>шунт Ахмеда</kwd><kwd>PRESERFLO</kwd><kwd>хирургия глаукомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>intraocular pressure</kwd><kwd>ocular drainage system</kwd><kwd>Ahmed glaucoma valve</kwd><kwd>PRESERFLO microshunt</kwd><kwd>glaucoma surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Glaucoma Society. European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 5th Edition. 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