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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2017-1-27-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Регматогенная отслойка сетчатки, ассоциированная с хориоидальной отслойкой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Associated with Choroidal Detachment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биландарли</surname><given-names>Л. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilandarli</surname><given-names>L. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-офтальмолог,</p><p>ул. Джавадхана 32/15, Баку, AZ1114</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>32/15 Javadkhan st., Baku, AZ1114</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.leyla2015@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидова</surname><given-names>Л. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidova</surname><given-names>L. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Джавадхана 32/15, Баку, AZ1114</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>32/15 Javadkhan st., Baku, AZ1114</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный Центр Офтальмологии имени академика З.Алиевой</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Center of Ophthalmology named after academician Z.Aliyeva</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Биландарли Л.Ш., Саидова Л.Х., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Биландарли Л.Ш., Саидова Л.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bilandarli L.S., Saidova L.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/350">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/350</self-uri><abstract><p>Обзор посвящен теме регматогенной отслойки сетчатки, ассоциированной с хориоидальной отслойкой — редкой, но довольно тяжелой патологией глаза, имеющей в большинстве случаев весьма неблагоприятный прогноз. Большинство авторов считает, что отслойка сетчатки является первичным патогенетическим звеном и декомпенсирует продукцию водянистой влаги за счет увеличения абсорбционной поверхности пигментного эпителия сетчатки. При гипотонии происходит дилатация хориоидальных артериол, что в свою очередь приводит к транссудации обогащенной протеинами жидкости в хориоидальное и супрахориоидальное пространство. Это способствует в дальнейшем отеку и отслойке цилиарного тела и хориоидеи со снижением продукции водянистой влаги и прогрессирующей гипотонией. Существует высокий риск развития «ретино-хориоидальной» отслойки у пациентов с макулярным разрывом, что обусловлено, по-видимому, локализацией ретинального разрыва и отслойкой задней гиалоидной мембраны. Обусловленное гипотонией нарушение гемато-ретинального барьера приводит к увеличению уровня компонентов сыворотки в интраокулярных жидкостях. При этом уровень протеинов в водянистой влаге может повышаться до 70 раз, что является, очевидно, результатом рефлюкса супрахориоидальных протеинов через увеосклеральный путь и/или венозных протеинов через трабекулярную сеть. Кроме того, возможна диффузия протеинов из задней камеры и стекловидной полости. Это создает благоприятные условия для клеточной пролиферации, способной привести в послеоперационном периоде к пролиферативной витреоретинопатии. Пациенты с этим заболеванием имеют признаки выраженного воспаления, боль и «красный глаз», что сопровождается снижением зрения. Отмечаются такие клинические признаки как тяжелый панувеит, углубление передней камеры и воспалительная реакция во влаге, концентрические складки и заднее прогибание радужки, задние синехии, иридофакоденез, помутнение стекловидного тела, отслойка цилиарного тела, гипотония и хориоидальная отслойка и в дополнение — отслойка сетчатки. Спорность вопросов этиопатогенеза и сходство клинической картины с другими офтальмологическими заболеваниями создают значительные трудности в ранней диагностике и корректной терапии этой патологии. Ранняя диагностика «ретино-хориоидальной отслойки» осложняется несколькими факторами: вялой дилатацией зрачка, усугубляющейся наличием задних синехий, помутнением сред с присутствием клеточных элементов, хориоидальной отслойкой, маскирующей ретинальные разрывы. Регматогенную отслойку сетчатки, осложненную хориоидальной, следует дифференцировать с рядом патологий. Самый очевидный признак «ретино-хориоидальной» отслойки — тяжелое генерализованное воспаление — приводит к ошибочной постановке диагноза увеит. Особую проблему представляет дифференциация с синдромом увеальной эффузии, меланомой хориоидеи. Ретино-хориоидальная отслойка — редкая патология, требующая своевременной корректной диагностики и проведения патогенетически обоснованного лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Review describes the theme of rhegmatogenous retinal dеtаchment associated with choroidal separation. It is rare, but quite severe eye pathology. In most cases it has a very poor prognosis. Most authors consider the retinal detachment as a primary pathogenetic part, which decompensates the production of aqueous humor by increasing the absorptive surface of the retinal pigment epithelium. Dilatation of choroidal arterioles occurs in hypotension, it leads to extravasation of protein-rich fluid in the choroidal and the suprachoroidal space. This helps to further swelling and separation of the ciliary body and the choroid with reduced production of aqueous humor and progressive hypotension. There is a high risk of developing “retino-choroidal” separation in patients with macular rupture due to localization of retinal separation and rupture rear hyaloid membrane. The protein level in aqueous humor can be increased to 70 times. It may be a result of reflux of suprachoroidal proteins through uveoscleral route and / or venous proteins through the trabecular network. In addition, the diffusion of proteins from the posterior camera and vitreous cavity is possible. This creates favorable conditions for cell proliferation that can lead to postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Typically patients have a pronounced signs of inflammation, pain, and “red eye”, which is accompanied with vision decrement. Rhegmatogenous retinal reparationcan be associated with such clinical symptoms as severe panuveit, deepening of the anterior camera and the inflammatory response in the moisture, concentric wrinkles and sagging back of the iris, posterior synechia, iridofakodenez, blurred vitreous detachment of the ciliary body, hypotension, and choroidal and retinal detachment in addition. Debatableness of etiopathogenesis and a clinical picture, which is similar to other eye diseases create significant difficulties in early diagnosis and proper treatment of this pathology. Correct early diagnosis of “retino-choroidal dеtаchment” is complicated by several factors: sluggish pupil dilation, exacerbated by the presence of posterior synechiaes, clouding environments with the presence of cellular elements, choroidal dеtаchment, masking the retinal tears. Rhegmatogenous retino–choridal dеtаchment should be differentiated from a number of pathologies. The most obvious sign of “retinyl choroidal” dеtаchment is severe generalized inflammation leading to an erroneous diagnosis of uveitis. A particular problem is the differentiation with syndrome of uveal effusion, choroidal melanoma. Retino-choroidal dеtаchment is a rare pathology that requires timely and correct diagnosis of pathogenically based treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>регматогенная ретинальная отслойка</kwd><kwd>хориоидальная отслойка</kwd><kwd>гипотония</kwd><kwd>стероидная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rhegmatogenous retinal detachment</kwd><kwd>choroidal detachment</kwd><kwd>hypotension</kwd><kwd>steroid therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WH Jarrett, 2nd. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by severe intraocular inflammation, hypotony, and choroidal detachment. 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(in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
