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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2017-2-136-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-375</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ МИКРОТРАВМЫ РОГОВИЦЫ В РАЗВИТИИ  БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ ЯЗВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ROLE OF MICROTRAUMA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BACTERIAL  CORNEAL ULCERS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хазамова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hazamova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хазамова Айзанат Иманшапиевна — аспирант.</p><p>Ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hazamova Ayzanat I. — Рostgraduate.</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str. 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hazamova.aiza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вериго</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Verigo</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вериго Елена Николаевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Verigo Elena N. — Professor, MD.</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str. 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ченцова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chentsova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ченцова Екатерина Валериановна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chentsova Ekaterina V. — Professor, MD.</p><p>Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str. 14/19, Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Московский  научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute  of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хазамова А.И., Вериго Е.Н., Ченцова Е.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хазамова А.И., Вериго Е.Н., Ченцова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hazamova A.I., Verigo E.N., Chentsova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/375">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/375</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы:  изучение  роли микротравмы роговицы  в развитии  осложнений, приводящих  к образованию язв  бактериального характера. Были проведены  клиническое обследование, консервативная терапия, хирургические вмешательства 236 пациентам с осложнениями микротравмы, преимущественно связанными с длительным  нахождением в роговице  инородных тел  (в 86,1% металлического характера).  Методы исследования включали  офтальмологические и лабораторные методики, что позволило  выявить наличие бактериальной язвы роговицы у 97 (41,1%), рецидивирующей эрозии у 62 (26,3%), травматического кератита у 25 (10,6%) и глубокого инфильтрата роговицы у 52 (22,0%) пациентов. Развитие осложнений было обусловлено  поздними сроками удаления  инородного  тела  (в ряде  случаев  больше  1 месяца с момента  травмы),  неполным  удалением,  несоблюдением правил асептики  и антисептики при процедуре  удаления  без  последующего  осмотра  больного.  При определении характера микрофлоры преимущественно выявлялись стрептококки, стафилококки и пневмококки, а также имели  место  единичные  случаи выявления синегнойной  и кишечной  палочки.  Консервативная терапия  включала  использование препаратов специфического патогенетического,  антиаллергического и симптоматического действия. Оксид азота (NO) в газовом потоке  применяли  для  ускорения  репаративных процессов, ослабления воспалительной экссудации  и клеточной  пролиферации. Хирургические вмешательства проводили с органосохранной, лечебной  и профилактической целью в виде аутоконъюнктивопластики, глубокой послойной и сквозной кератопластики (с использованием свежей и консервированной роговицы), а также путем пересадки амниотической мембраны. По результатам лечения у больных с эрозией роговицы процесс завершился купированием воспалительной реакции с восстановлением прозрачности роговицы на фоне консервативной терапии;  у 52 больных с инфильтратом роговицы — развитием помутнений в стромальных  слоях роговицы;  у больных с кератитом — формированием бельма  роговицы, при этом в 52%  случаев  проведена кератопластика. При язве  роговицы процесс  завершился формированием грубого бельма  у 30 больных (30,9%), хирургические вмешательства с частичным повышением зрительных функций отмечены  у 62 больных (63,9%), удаление глаза  проведено 5 больным (5,2%).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: To study the role of corneal  microtrauma in the development of complications, leading to bacterial ulcers. Performed clinical assessment, conservative therapy, and surgical  interventions for 236 patients with the  complication  of microtrauma, mainly related to  the  prolonged  presence of foreign bodies  in the  cornea (86.1% they  had  a  metallic  nature). Methods included  ophthalmologic investigations  and  laboratory  procedures, which revealed  the  presence of bacterial corneal  ulcer  in 97 cases (41.1%), recurrent erosion  — 62  cases (26.3%), traumatic keratitis — 25 cases (10.6%) and  deep  cornea’s infiltrate  — 52  cases  (22.0%). The development of complications was  due to the  later  removal  of FB (in some  cases more  than  1 month  after  the  trauma), incomplete removal of foreign bodies,  non-compliance  with aseptic and antiseptic rules  during in the removal of FB’s without follow up of patients. Streptococcus,  staphylococcus, pneumococcus, and  isolated  cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and  Escherichia  coli were  mainly diagnosed. Conservative therapy  included specific, pathogenetic, symptomatic and antiallergic medications. Nitric oxide (NO) in the gas stream was used  to accelerate the reparative processes, weakening  of the inflammatory exudation and cellular proliferation.  Surgical interventions  were  performed for  preserving  of eyes,  prophylactic  and  therapeutic purposes in the  form  autoconjunctiveal  plast y, deep  lamellar  and  penetrating keratoplast y  (preserved  and  fresh  corneas) and  amniotic  membrane transplantation. According  to the results of treatment of 236 patients with the corneal  erosion  completed with elimination of inflammatory reaction, restoration of corneal  transparency; 52 patients with corneal  infiltrate -development  of opacities  in the stromal cornea layers;  patients with keratitis –formation of corneal  leucoma  and 52%  — keratoplast y were  performed. In cases of corneal  ulcer process ended  with the formation of a  rough  leucoma  in 30 patients (30.9%), surgical  interventions  with a  partial  improvement of visual function  were  observed  in 62 patients (63.9%), the removal of the eye were  done in 5 patients (5.2%).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инородное тело роговицы</kwd><kwd>эрозия  роговицы</kwd><kwd>кератит</kwd><kwd>бельмо</kwd><kwd>кератопластика</kwd><kwd>бактериальная язва</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corneal  foreign bodies</kwd><kwd>еrosion  of the cornea</kwd><kwd>keratitis</kwd><kwd>throat</kwd><kwd>keratoplast y</kwd><kwd>bacterial ulcer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whitcher, J. Corneal blindness: a global perspective. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2001;79:214–221.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whitcher, J. 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