<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2017-3-188-194</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-388</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ КЕРАТОКОНУСА У ДЕТЕЙ.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MODERN TRENDS IN THE TREATMENT OF KERATOKONUS IN CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом микрохирургии и функциональной реабилитации глаза у детей, профессор кафедры офтальмологии педиатрического факультета РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова, Бескудниковский бульвар, 59А, Москва, 127486, Российская Федерация</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Microsurgery and Functional Rehabilitation of the Eye in Children, Professor of the Department of Ophthalmology, Pediatric Faculty, Russian Scientific Pirogov Medical University 59A, Beskudnikovsky Blvd., Moscow 127486, Russia</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markova_ej@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костенёв</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostenev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела лазерной рефракционной хирургии Бескудниковский бульвар, 59А, Москва, 127486, Российская Федерация</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Senior Researcher, Department of Laser Refractive Surgery 59A, Beskudnikovsky Blvd., Moscow 127486, Russia</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markova_ej@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigor’eva</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>прикрепленный врач-офтальмолог Бескудниковский бульвар, 59А, Москва, 127486, Российская Федерация</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ophthalmologist 59A, Beskudnikovsky Blvd., Moscow 127486, Russia</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markova_ej@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перфильева</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perfileva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-офтальмолог отделения офтальмологии ДГКБ им. З. А. Башляевой, прикре‑ пленный врач детского отделения МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» Бескудниковский бульвар, 59А, Москва, 127486, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution ophthalmologist 59A, Beskudnikovsky Blvd., Moscow 127486, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markova_ej@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Межотраслевой научно-технический комплекс «Микрохирургия глаза» имени академика С.Н. Федорова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>188</fpage><lpage>194</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова Е.Ю., Костенёв С.В., Григорьева А.Г., Перфильева E.A., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова Е.Ю., Костенёв С.В., Григорьева А.Г., Перфильева E.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova E.Y., Kostenev S.V., Grigor’eva A.G., Perfileva E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/388">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/388</self-uri><abstract><p>Кератоконус — прогрессирующее дегенеративное заболевание роговицы, вызывающее нарушение структуры и организации роговичного коллагенового матрикса и приводящее к истончению и протрузии. Кератоконус у детей прогрессирует быстрее и отличается более тяжелым течением, по сравнению с взрослыми, что связано с возрастными особенностями строения детской роговицы. До недавнего времени лечение кератоконуса включало в себя зрительную реабилитацию на ранних стадиях и хирургическое лечение на поздних стадиях, при этом ни один из методов лечения не воздействовал на причину развития заболевания. С появлением кросслинкинга как метода, тормозящего прогрессирование кератоконуса, подход к лечению этого заболевания у взрослых принципиально изменился. Это связано с тем, что кросслинкинг (с англ. “поперечное сшивание”) является в настоящее время единственным методом, действующим непосредственно на патогенез кератоконуса, формируя новые молекулярные связи между нитями коллагена, укрепляя строму роговицы и меняя ее биомеханические свойства, что позволяет замедлить прогрессирование заболевания. Учитывая особенности развития кератоконуса у детей, применение кросслинкинга в детской практике представляется более перспективным, чем у взрослых. Тем не менее, новизна метода, отсутствие долгосрочных исследований влияния излучения на детскую роговицу и вариабельность протоколов лечения, являются основными факторами, которые обусловливают применение этого метода у детей с осторожностью. Данная работа представляет собой анализ литературы с описанием принципов, преимуществ и ограничений, касающихся применения различных видов кросслинкинга у детей с анализом доказательной базы и рассмотрением возможных вариантов развития этого метода в детской практике в будущем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Keratoconus is a progressive degenerative corneal disease. It causes a disruption in the structure and organization of the corneal collagen matrix and leads to its thinning and protrusion. In children keratoconus progresses faster and differs in more severe course, compared with adults. It is associated with the age structure of the child’s cornea. Until recently, the treatment of keratoconus included visual rehabilitation in the early stages and surgical treatment in advanced stages. Both methods didn’t have any effect on the disease’s pathogenesis. Cross-linking is a method inhibiting the progression of keratoconus, it allows to change the treatment approach fundamentally. Cross-linking is the only method directly acting on the pathogenesis of keratoconus, forming new molecular bonds between the collagen filaments, strengthening the corneal stroma and changing its biomechanical properties, which allows to slow the disease’s progression. Taking into account the peculiarities of keratoconus development in children, cross linking in children’s practice is even more perspective than in adults. Nevertheless, the novelty of the method, the lack of long-term studies about the effects for the child’s cornea and the variability of treatment protocols, are the main factors for the careful use this method in children. This work is a literature review describing the principles, advantages and limitations of the use of different types of cross-breeding in children with an analysis of the evidence base and consideration of possible options for the development of this method in children’s practice in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кератоконус</kwd><kwd>роговица</kwd><kwd>кросслинкинг</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>keratoconus</kwd><kwd>cornea</kwd><kwd>cross-linking</kwd><kwd>сhild</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng EL, Maruyama I, Sundar Raj N, Sugar J, Federer RS, Yue BY. Expression of type XII collagen and hemidesmosome- associated proteins in keratoconus corneas. Curr Eye Res. 2001;22:333–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng EL, Maruyama I, Sundar Raj N, Sugar J, Federer RS, Yue BY. Expression of type XII collagen and hemidesmosome- associated proteins in keratoconus corneas. Curr Eye Res. 2001;22:333–40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kathryn P Burdon PhD BSc(Hons) Andrea L Vincent MBChB FRANZCO Insights into keratoconus from a genetic perspective. Clin Exp Optom 2013; 96: 146–154. DOI:10.1111/cxo.12024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kathryn P Burdon PhD BSc(Hons) Andrea L Vincent MBChB FRANZCO Insights into keratoconus from a genetic perspective. Clin Exp Optom 2013; 96: 146–154. DOI:10.1111/cxo.12024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomes, José A. P. MD, PhD; Tan, Donald MD, PhD; Rapuano, Christopher J. MD.Global Consensus on Keratoconus and Ectatic Diseases; Cornea. 2015;34(4):359–369. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000408.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomes, José A. P. MD, PhD; Tan, Donald MD, PhD; Rapuano, Christopher J. MD.Global Consensus on Keratoconus and Ectatic Diseases; Cornea. 2015;34(4):359–369. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000408.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wheeler J, Hauser MA, Afshari NA, Allingham RR, Liu Y. The Genetics of Keratoconus: A Review. Microscopy (Oxford, England). 2012;(Suppl 6):001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wheeler J, Hauser MA, Afshari NA, Allingham RR, Liu Y. The Genetics of Keratoconus: A Review. Microscopy (Oxford, England). 2012;(Suppl 6):001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maria A. Woodward, MD, Taylor S. Blachley, MD, and Joshua D. Stein, MD The Association Between Sociodemographic Factors, Common Systemic Diseases, and Keratoconus: An Analysis of a Nationwide Healthcare Claims Database. Ophthalmology. 2016 March ; 123(3): 457–465. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.10.035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maria A. Woodward, MD, Taylor S. Blachley, MD, and Joshua D. Stein, MD The Association Between Sociodemographic Factors, Common Systemic Diseases, and Keratoconus: An Analysis of a Nationwide Healthcare Claims Database. Ophthalmology. 2016 March ; 123(3): 457–465. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.10.035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naderan, M., Rajabi, M.T., Zarrinbakhsh, P. et al. Is keratoconus more severe in the pediatric population? Int Ophthalmol. 2016 Oct 25. DOI:10.1007/s10792-016-03825</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naderan, M., Rajabi, M.T., Zarrinbakhsh, P. et al. Is keratoconus more severe in the pediatric population? Int Ophthalmol. 2016 Oct 25. DOI:10.1007/s10792-016-03825</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bromley JG, Randleman JB. Treatment strategies for corneal ectasia. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010;21:255–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bromley JG, Randleman JB. Treatment strategies for corneal ectasia. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010;21:255–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Müller, P.; Löffler, K.; Kohlhaas, M.; Holz, F.; Herwig-Carl, M. Morphologische HornhautveränderungennachCrosslinkingbeiKeratokonus Morphologic Corneal Changes after Crosslinking for Keratoconus Johannes Hospital, Dortmund, Deutschland Übersicht, 21/01/2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Müller, P.; Löffler, K.; Kohlhaas, M.; Holz, F.; Herwig-Carl, M. Morphologische HornhautveränderungennachCrosslinkingbeiKeratokonus Morphologic Corneal Changes after Crosslinking for Keratoconus Johannes Hospital, Dortmund, Deutschland Übersicht, 21/01/2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollensak G., Spoerl E., Seiler T. Riboflavin/ultraviolet-a-induced collagen crosslinking for the treatment of keratoconus. The American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2003;135(5):620–627.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wollensak G., Spoerl E., Seiler T. Riboflavin/ultraviolet-a-induced collagen crosslinking for the treatment of keratoconus. The American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2003;135(5):620–627.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малюгин Б. Э., Борзенок С. А., Мороз З. И., Шацких А. В., Горохова М. В. Экспериментальное изучение ферментативной устойчивости донорской ро говицы, обработанной по методике уф-кросслинкинга. Офтальмохирургия. 2014;1:20-23. [Malyugin B. E., Borsook S. A., Moroz Z. I., Shatskikh A.V., Gorokhov M. V. Experimental investigation of the enzymatic stability of the donor cornea, treated by the method of UV cross-linking. Ophthalmosurgery=Oftal’mokhirurgiya. 2014;1:20-23. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Малюгин Б. Э., Борзенок С. А., Мороз З. И., Шацких А. В., Горохова М. В. Экспериментальное изучение ферментативной устойчивости донорской ро говицы, обработанной по методике уф-кросслинкинга. Офтальмохирургия. 2014;1:20-23. [Malyugin B. E., Borsook S. A., Moroz Z. I., Shatskikh A.V., Gorokhov M. V. Experimental investigation of the enzymatic stability of the donor cornea, treated by the method of UV cross-linking. Ophthalmosurgery=Oftal’mokhirurgiya. 2014;1:20-23. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollensak G., Spoerl E., Seiler T. Stress-strain measurements of human and porcine corneas after riboflavin-ultraviolet-A-induced cross-linking. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2003;29(9):1780–1785. doi: 10.1016/S0886-3350(03)00407-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wollensak G., Spoerl E., Seiler T. Stress-strain measurements of human and porcine corneas after riboflavin-ultraviolet-A-induced cross-linking. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2003;29(9):1780–1785. doi: 10.1016/S0886-3350(03)00407-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song X1, Stachon T1, Wang J2, Langenbucher A3, Seitz B1, Szentmáry N1. Viability, apoptosis, proliferation, activation, and cytokine secretion of human keratoconus keratocytes after cross-linking. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:254237. doi: 10.1155/2015/254237. Epub 2015 Jan 28</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song X1, Stachon T1, Wang J2, Langenbucher A3, Seitz B1, Szentmáry N1. Viability, apoptosis, proliferation, activation, and cytokine secretion of human keratoconus keratocytes after cross-linking. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:254237. doi: 10.1155/2015/254237. Epub 2015 Jan 28</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spoerl E1, Mrochen M, Sliney D, Trokel S, Seiler T. SafetyofUVA-riboflavin cross-linkingofthecornea. Cornea. 2007 May;26(4):385-9. DOI:10.1097/ ICO.0b013e3180334f78</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spoerl E1, Mrochen M, Sliney D, Trokel S, Seiler T. SafetyofUVA-riboflavin cross-linkingofthecornea. Cornea. 2007 May;26(4):385-9. DOI:10.1097/ ICO.0b013e3180334f78</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kling S, Hafezi F. An Algorithm to Predict the Biomechanical Stiffening Effect in Corneal Cross-linking. J Refract Surg. 2017 Feb 1;33(2):128-136. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20161206-01.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kling S, Hafezi F. An Algorithm to Predict the Biomechanical Stiffening Effect in Corneal Cross-linking. J Refract Surg. 2017 Feb 1;33(2):128-136. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20161206-01.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spoerl E1, Mrochen M, Sliney D, Trokel S, Seiler T. Safety of UVA-riboflavin cross-linking of the cornea. Cornea. 2007 May;26(4):385-9. DOI:10.1097/ ICO.0b013e3180334f78</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spoerl E1, Mrochen M, Sliney D, Trokel S, Seiler T. Safety of UVA-riboflavin cross-linking of the cornea. Cornea. 2007 May;26(4):385-9. DOI:10.1097/ ICO.0b013e3180334f78</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корниловский И. М. Лазер-индуцированный кросслинкинг в модифика ции абляционной поверхности при фоторефракционной кератэктомии. 2016;4:2023. [Kornilovskiy I. M., Laser-induced crosslinking in modification of the surface with ablative photorefractive of keratectomy. Сataract and refractive surgery=Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2016;4:20-23. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Корниловский И. М. Лазер-индуцированный кросслинкинг в модифика ции абляционной поверхности при фоторефракционной кератэктомии. 2016;4:2023. [Kornilovskiy I. M., Laser-induced crosslinking in modification of the surface with ablative photorefractive of keratectomy. Сataract and refractive surgery=Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2016;4:20-23. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костенев С.В. Применение фемтосекундной лазерной установки при вы полнении кросслинкинга коллагена роговицы. Практическая медицина. 2012;1:59. [Kostenеv S. V. The use of femtosecond laser facility in the performance of krosslinking of corneal collagen Practical medicine=Practical medicine. 2012;1:59. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Костенев С.В. Применение фемтосекундной лазерной установки при вы полнении кросслинкинга коллагена роговицы. Практическая медицина. 2012;1:59. [Kostenеv S. V. The use of femtosecond laser facility in the performance of krosslinking of corneal collagen Practical medicine=Practical medicine. 2012;1:59. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимов С. И., Анисимова С. Ю., Мистрюков А. С. Эра кросслинкинга: бы лое и грядущее. 2016;4:4-10. [Anisimov S. I., Anisimova S. Y., Mastryukov A. S. The era of crosslinking: past and future. Cataract and refractive surgery=Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2016;4:4-10. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Анисимов С. И., Анисимова С. Ю., Мистрюков А. С. Эра кросслинкинга: бы лое и грядущее. 2016;4:4-10. [Anisimov S. I., Anisimova S. Y., Mastryukov A. S. The era of crosslinking: past and future. Cataract and refractive surgery=Kataraktal’naya i refraktsionnaya khirurgiya. 2016;4:4-10. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малюгин Б. Э., Измайлова С. Б., Мерзлов, Д. Е. Пронкина С. А., Поручикова Е. П., Семыкин А. Ю. Отдаленные результаты использования различных тех нологий уф-кросслинкинга у пациентов с прогрессирующим кератоконусом. Офтальмохирургия. 2014;(4):42-49. [Malyugin B. E., Izmaylova S. B., Merzlov D. E., Pronkina S. A., Porotikova E. P., Semykin A. Yu. Long-term results of the use of different techniques of UV crosslinking in patients with progressive keratoconus. Ophthalmosurgery=Oftalmokhirurgiya. 2014;(4):42-49. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Малюгин Б. Э., Измайлова С. Б., Мерзлов, Д. Е. Пронкина С. А., Поручикова Е. П., Семыкин А. Ю. Отдаленные результаты использования различных тех нологий уф-кросслинкинга у пациентов с прогрессирующим кератоконусом. Офтальмохирургия. 2014;(4):42-49. [Malyugin B. E., Izmaylova S. B., Merzlov D. E., Pronkina S. A., Porotikova E. P., Semykin A. Yu. Long-term results of the use of different techniques of UV crosslinking in patients with progressive keratoconus. Ophthalmosurgery=Oftalmokhirurgiya. 2014;(4):42-49. (in Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kymionis GD, Grentzelos MA, Liakopoulos DA, Paraskevopoulos TA, Klados NE, Tsoulnaras KI, Kankariya VP, Pallikaris IG. Long-term follow-up of corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus--the Cretan study. Cornea. 2014 Oct;33(10):1071-9. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kymionis GD, Grentzelos MA, Liakopoulos DA, Paraskevopoulos TA, Klados NE, Tsoulnaras KI, Kankariya VP, Pallikaris IG. Long-term follow-up of corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus--the Cretan study. Cornea. 2014 Oct;33(10):1071-9. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Razmjoo H, Peyman A, Rahimi A, Modrek HJ. Cornea Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus: A Comparison between Accelerated and Conventional Methods. Adv Biomed Res. 2017 Feb 22;6:10. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.200785. eCollection 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razmjoo H, Peyman A, Rahimi A, Modrek HJ. Cornea Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus: A Comparison between Accelerated and Conventional Methods. Adv Biomed Res. 2017 Feb 22;6:10. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.200785. eCollection 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen SH1, Zhang J, Li YN, Ding P, Wang QM. Clinical results of transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking in the treatment of keratoconus. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2016 Jul;52(7):525-5. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.07.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen SH1, Zhang J, Li YN, Ding P, Wang QM. Clinical results of transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking in the treatment of keratoconus. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2016 Jul;52(7):525-5. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.07.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lombardo M, Giannini D, Lombardo G, Serrao S Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Transepithelial Corneal Cross-linking Using Iontophoresis with the Dresden Protocol in Progressive Keratoconus. Ophthalmology. 2017 Jun;124(6):804812. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.01.040. Epub 2017 Mar 7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lombardo M, Giannini D, Lombardo G, Serrao S Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Transepithelial Corneal Cross-linking Using Iontophoresis with the Dresden Protocol in Progressive Keratoconus. Ophthalmology. 2017 Jun;124(6):804812. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.01.040. Epub 2017 Mar 7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Padmanabhan P, Rachapalle Reddi S, Rajagopal R, Natarajan R, Iyer G, Srinivasan B, Narayanan N, Lakshmipathy M, Agarwal S. Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients-Long-Term Results. Cornea. 2017 Feb;36(2):138143. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Padmanabhan P, Rachapalle Reddi S, Rajagopal R, Natarajan R, Iyer G, Srinivasan B, Narayanan N, Lakshmipathy M, Agarwal S. Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients-Long-Term Results. Cornea. 2017 Feb;36(2):138143. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knutsson KA, Paganoni G, Matuska S, Ambrosio O, Ferrari G, Zennato A, Caccia M, Rama P. Corneal collagen cross-linking in paediatric patients affected by keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 27. pii: bjophthalmol-2016-310108. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310108. [Epub ahead of print]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knutsson KA, Paganoni G, Matuska S, Ambrosio O, Ferrari G, Zennato A, Caccia M, Rama P. Corneal collagen cross-linking in paediatric patients affected by keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 27. pii: bjophthalmol-2016-310108. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310108. [Epub ahead of print]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toprak I, Yaylali V, Yildirim C. Visual, Topographic, and Pachymetric Effects of Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-linking. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017 Mar 1;54(2):84-89. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20160831-01. Epub 2016 Sep 27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toprak I, Yaylali V, Yildirim C. Visual, Topographic, and Pachymetric Effects of Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-linking. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017 Mar 1;54(2):84-89. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20160831-01. Epub 2016 Sep 27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uçakhan ÖÖ, Bayraktutar BN, Saglik A. Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visual, Refractive, and Topographic Outcomes. Cornea. 2016 Feb;35(2):162-8. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000702.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uçakhan ÖÖ, Bayraktutar BN, Saglik A. Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visual, Refractive, and Topographic Outcomes. Cornea. 2016 Feb;35(2):162-8. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000702.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Godefrooij DA, Soeters N, Imhof SM, Wisse RP. Corneal CrossLinking for Pediatric Keratoconus: Long-Term Results. Cornea. 2016 Jul;35(7):9548. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000819.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Godefrooij DA, Soeters N, Imhof SM, Wisse RP. Corneal CrossLinking for Pediatric Keratoconus: Long-Term Results. Cornea. 2016 Jul;35(7):9548. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000819.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arora R, Gupta D, Goyal JL, Jain P.Results of corneal collagen crosslinking in pediatric patients. J Refract Surg. 2012 Nov;28(11):759-62. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20121011-02.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arora R, Gupta D, Goyal JL, Jain P.Results of corneal collagen crosslinking in pediatric patients. J Refract Surg. 2012 Nov;28(11):759-62. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20121011-02.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zotta PG, Moschou KA, Diakonis VF, Kymionis GD, Almaliotis DD, Karamitsos AP, Karampatakis VE. Corneal collagen cross-linking for progressive keratoconus in pediatric patients: a feasibility study. J Refract Surg. 2012 Nov;28(11):793-9. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20121011-08.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zotta PG, Moschou KA, Diakonis VF, Kymionis GD, Almaliotis DD, Karamitsos AP, Karampatakis VE. Corneal collagen cross-linking for progressive keratoconus in pediatric patients: a feasibility study. J Refract Surg. 2012 Nov;28(11):793-9. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20121011-08.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caporossi A, Mazzotta C, Baiocchi S, Caporossi T, Denaro R, Balestrazzi A. Riboflavin-UVA-induced corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric patients. Cornea. 2012 Mar;31(3):227-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caporossi A, Mazzotta C, Baiocchi S, Caporossi T, Denaro R, Balestrazzi A. Riboflavin-UVA-induced corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric patients. Cornea. 2012 Mar;31(3):227-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badawi AE. Accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric keratoconus: One year study. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan-Mar;31(1):11-18. doi: 10.1016/j. sjopt.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badawi AE. Accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric keratoconus: One year study. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan-Mar;31(1):11-18. doi: 10.1016/j. sjopt.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ulusoy DM, Göktaş E, Duru N, Özköse A, Ataş M, Yuvacı İ, Arifoğlu HB, Zararsız G. Accelerated corneal crosslinking for treatment of progressive keratoconus in pediatric patients. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2017 May 11;27(3):319-325. doi: 10.5301/ ejo.5000848. Epub 2016 Jul 20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ulusoy DM, Göktaş E, Duru N, Özköse A, Ataş M, Yuvacı İ, Arifoğlu HB, Zararsız G. Accelerated corneal crosslinking for treatment of progressive keratoconus in pediatric patients. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2017 May 11;27(3):319-325. doi: 10.5301/ ejo.5000848. Epub 2016 Jul 20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ozgurhan EB, Kara N, Cankaya KI, Kurt T, Demirok A. Accelerated corneal crosslinking in pediatric patients with keratoconus: 24-month outcomes. J Refract Surg. 2014 Dec;30(12):843-9. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20141120-01.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozgurhan EB, Kara N, Cankaya KI, Kurt T, Demirok A. Accelerated corneal crosslinking in pediatric patients with keratoconus: 24-month outcomes. J Refract Surg. 2014 Dec;30(12):843-9. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20141120-01.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salman AG. Transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus in a pediatric age group. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Aug;39(8):116470. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.03.017. Epub 2013 Jun 21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salman AG. Transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus in a pediatric age group. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Aug;39(8):116470. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.03.017. Epub 2013 Jun 21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caporossi A, Mazzotta C, Paradiso AL, Baiocchi S, Marigliani D, Caporossi T.Tra nsepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus: 24-month clinical results. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Aug;39(8):1157-63. doi: 10.1016/j. jcrs.2013.03.026. Epub 2013 Jun 21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caporossi A, Mazzotta C, Paradiso AL, Baiocchi S, Marigliani D, Caporossi T.Tra nsepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus: 24-month clinical results. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Aug;39(8):1157-63. doi: 10.1016/j. jcrs.2013.03.026. Epub 2013 Jun 21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eraslan M, Toker E, Cerman E, Ozarslan D. Efficacy of Epithelium-Off and EpitheliumOn Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in PediatricKeratoconus. Eye Contact Lens. 2017 May;43(3):155-161. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000255.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eraslan M, Toker E, Cerman E, Ozarslan D. Efficacy of Epithelium-Off and EpitheliumOn Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in PediatricKeratoconus. Eye Contact Lens. 2017 May;43(3):155-161. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000255.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magli A, Forte R, Tortori A, Capasso L, Marsico G, Piozzi E. Epitheliumoff corneal collagen cross-linking versus transepithelial cross-linking for pediatric keratoconus. Cornea. 2013 May;32(5):597-601. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31826cf32d.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magli A, Forte R, Tortori A, Capasso L, Marsico G, Piozzi E. Epitheliumoff corneal collagen cross-linking versus transepithelial cross-linking for pediatric keratoconus. Cornea. 2013 May;32(5):597-601. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31826cf32d.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McAnena L1, Doyle F2, O’Keefe M1. Cross-linking in children with keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol. 2017 May;95(3):229-239. doi: 10.1111/aos.13224. Epub 2016 Sep 28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McAnena L1, Doyle F2, O’Keefe M1. Cross-linking in children with keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol. 2017 May;95(3):229-239. doi: 10.1111/aos.13224. Epub 2016 Sep 28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arora R, Jain S, Monga S, et al. Efficiancy on continuous wear PureVision contact lenses for therapeutic use. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2004;27:39–43</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arora R, Jain S, Monga S, et al. Efficiancy on continuous wear PureVision contact lenses for therapeutic use. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2004;27:39–43</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Final protocol to guide the assessment of Corneal Collagen Cross Linking (CXL) for patients with corneal ectatic disorders who are at risk of progression or showing evidence of progression. The Medical Services Advisory Committee of the Minister for Health of Australia. April 2015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Final protocol to guide the assessment of Corneal Collagen Cross Linking (CXL) for patients with corneal ectatic disorders who are at risk of progression or showing evidence of progression. The Medical Services Advisory Committee of the Minister for Health of Australia. April 2015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">W.J. Benjamin, Contact Lens Materials. Oxygen Permeability and Transmissibility, Part 2. Contact Lens Spectrum, April 2008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">W.J. Benjamin, Contact Lens Materials. Oxygen Permeability and Transmissibility, Part 2. Contact Lens Spectrum, April 2008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
