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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2018-4-433-438</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-769</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL &amp; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Многофакторные механизмы терапевтического воздействия перифокальных очков (Perifocal-M) на прогрессирование миопии у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multi-Factoral Mechanisms of Therapeutic Effect of Perifocal Spectacles (Perifocal-M) on Progressive Myopia in Children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибатулин</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibatulin</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач ООО «Арт-Оптика»ул. Каховка, 33/1, Москва, 117461, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, chief medical officer LLC “Art-Optica”Kakhovka str., 33/1, Moscow, 117461, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономикиул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>МD, principal researcher of the Department of pathology of refraction, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomicsSadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proskourina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарутта</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarutta</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономикиул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>МD, professor, Head of the Department of pathology of refraction, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomicsSadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «Арт-Оптика»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLC “Art-Optica”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Московский научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute of Eye Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>438</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ибатулин Р.А., Проскурина О.В., Тарутта Е.П., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ибатулин Р.А., Проскурина О.В., Тарутта Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ibatulin R.A., Proskurina O.V., Tarutta E.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/769">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/769</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье подробно рассматриваются многофакторные механизмы воздействия очков с перифокальным дефокусом на прогрессирование миопии у детей. Воздействие на местные ретинальные механизмы нейрорегуляторного управления ростом глаза в настоящее время наиболее эффективно в предупреждении развития и прогрессирования миопии. Оптическая коррекция относительной периферической дальнозоркости с формированием периферического миопического дефокуса оказывает влияние на проявление биохимического каскада от сетчатки к сосудистой оболочке и к склере, сдерживающего рост глаза. Оптические методы контроля миопии, в том числе очки, широко используются в отечественной и зарубежной офтальмологической практике. В России с 2011 года применяются очки с линзами Perifocal-M, обеспечивающие большую функциональность воздействия на близорукий глаз по сравнению с зарубежными аналогами. Конструктивные особенности таких очковых линз оказывают комплексное влияние на разные оптико-физиологические структуры глаза, каждая из которых вносит вклад в рефрактогенез. Перифокальные очки учитывают характерные для близорукого глаза особенности центральной и периферической рефракции вдоль горизонтального и вертикального меридианов. Они имеют более сильную рефракцию по горизонтали, что позволяет устранить характерный для близорукого глаза оптический дисбаланс и создает эмметропический оптический профиль. Конструкция перифокальных очковых линз позволяет корригировать относительную периферическую дальнозоркость, создавать миопический дефокус в горизонтальном меридиане, влиять на соотношение величин рефракции носовой и височной половины сетчатки. Это обусловлено более ранним началом и более выраженным оптическим воздействием на носовую половину сетчатки относительно височной. Очки с перифокальным дефокусом индуцируют положительную сферическую аберрацию в глазу, повышают аккомодационную способность глаза, способствуют сохранению высокой бинокулярной остроты зрения, улучшают бинокулярное взаимодействие при работе вблизи, препятствуют развитию гетерофории. Оптические свойства очков Perifocal-М создают условия для разностороннего функционального воздействия на различные структуры глаза, что ведет к сдерживанию процесса прогрессирования близорукости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There is detailed review of multi-factoral mechanisms of spectacles with peripheral defocus influence in children with progressive myopia in this article. At present local retinal mechanisms of neuro-regulatory control of eye growth are most effective in prevention of myopia development and progression. Optical correction of relative peripheral hyperopia with following peripheral myopic defocus affects the biochemical cascade from retina to choroid and sclera, which constrains an eye growth. Optical methods of myopia control, including spectacles, widely used in native and foreign ophthalmology practice. Since 2011, in Russia Perifocal-M spectacles are using, said spectacles provides bigger functionality of influence on myopic eye comparing to foreign analogues. Construction features of said spectacle lens have a complex influence on different optic-physiological eye structures and each of said structures affects refractogenesis. Perifocal spectacles takes into account specific for myopic eye features of central and peripheral refraction along horizontal and vertical meridians. They have stronger refraction in horizontal, which allows to eliminate specific optical disbalance in myopic eye and to create optical balance in the eye. Perifocal-M lens construction with asymmetric horizontal progression allows to correct relative peripheral hyperopia, to create myopic defocus in horizontal and to affect relations between refraction of nasal and temporal halves of retina. The latter is due to the fact that optical influence starts earlier and has bigger effect on nasal half of retina relative to temporal. Perifocal spectacles are inducing positive spherical aberrations in the eye, increasing accommodation functions, supporting high binocular visual acuity, improving binocular interaction during near work, fighting against heteroforias. Thus, optical features of Perifocal-M spectacles for the first time creates conditions for versatile functional influence on main myopogenic factors simultaneously, it effectively stops myopia progression.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>прогрессирование миопии</kwd><kwd>профилактика миопии</kwd><kwd>периферическая рефракция</kwd><kwd>миопический дефокус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>progressive myopia</kwd><kwd>myopia prevention</kwd><kwd>peripheral refraction</kwd><kwd>myopic defocus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wallman J., Winawer J. Homeostasis of Eye Growth and Question of Myopia. Neuron. 2004;43(4):447–468.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wallman J., Winawer J. Homeostasis of Eye Growth and Question of Myopia. 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