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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2019-1-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-849</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аутоиммунные увеиты. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Autoimmune Uveitis. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плеханов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plekhanov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии, главный врачул. Октябрьская, 36-а, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерацияул. Комсомольская, 1-б, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Head of the Department of Faculty Surgery, head physicianOktyabrskaya str., 36-А, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, RussiaKomsomolskaya str., 1-b, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший преподаватель, научный сотрудник отдела наукиул. Октябрьская, 36-а, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерацияул. Хахалова, 4-б, Улан-Удэ, 670034, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Lecturer, scientific researcherOktyabrskaya str., 36-А, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, RussiaKhakhalova str., 4-b, 670034, Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сверкунова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sverkunova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, врач-офтальмолог отделения микрохирургии глаз для взрослыхул. Октябрьская, 36-а, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерацияул. Павлова, 12, Улан-Удэ, 670031, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Lecturer, doctor of clinical and diagnostic laboratoryOktyabrskaya str., 36-А, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, RussiaKomsomolskaya str., 1-b, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">posterstealer@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>J. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель медицинского института,врач клиническо-диагностической лабораторииул. Октябрьская, 36-а, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерацияул. Комсомольская, 1-б, Улан-Удэ, 670002, Республика Бурятия, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate, ophthalmologist of the department of eye microsurgery for adultsOktyabrskaya str., 36-А, Ulan-Ude, 670002, Republic of Buryatia, RussiaPavlova str., 12, Ulan-Ude, 670031 Republic of Buryatia, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Бурятский государственный университет», Медицинский институт&#13;
НУЗ «Отделенческая клиническая больница» на ст. Улан-Удэ ОАО «РЖД»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Тhе Medical Institute of the Buryat State University&#13;
The Clinical Hospital at the Ulan-Ude station Russian Railways</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Бурятский государственный университет», Медицинский институт&#13;
Байкальский филиал ФГБНУ «Госрыбцентр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Тhе Medical Institute of the Buryat State University&#13;
Baikal Branch “State Scientific and Production Center of Fishery”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Бурятский государственный университет», Медицинский институт&#13;
ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая больница им. Н.А. Семашко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Тhе Medical Institute of the Buryat State University&#13;
The Clinical Hospital at the Ulan-Ude station Russian Railways</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Бурятский государственный университет», Медицинский институт&#13;
НУЗ «Отделенческая клиническая больница» на ст. Улан-Удэ ОАО «РЖД»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Тhе Medical Institute of the Buryat State University&#13;
The Republican Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Плеханов А.Н., Фомина А.С., Сверкунова О.П., Иванова Ю.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плеханов А.Н., Фомина А.С., Сверкунова О.П., Иванова Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Plekhanov A.N., Fomina A.S., Sverkunova O.P., Ivanova J.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/849">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/849</self-uri><abstract><p>Многие годы в офтальмологии существует сложная, трудноразрешимая проблема, связанная с воспалением сосудистой оболочки глаза — увеит. Специалисты всего мира пытаются разобраться в данной гетерогенной патологии органа зрения, которая за короткое время может привести к резкому снижению остроты зрения, развитию тяжелых осложнений и дальнейшей инвалидизации. Число пациентов с воспалением сосудистого тракта стремительно растет с каждым годом, возраст молодеет. Клиническая картина данной патологии немного изменилась и часто стала проявляться в двух кардинально разных направлениях. Первое протекает как вялотекущая форма, а второе, наоборот, проявляется более агрессивно с быстрым развитием клинических проявлений в короткие сроки. В настоящее время имеются доказательства наличия эндогенной причины возникновения увеитов. В статье приводится обзор литературы, суммирующий современные взгляды на проблему аутоиммунных увеитов. Рассмотрены новые факторы, влияющие на этиологию, патогенез заболевания, некоторые аспекты терапии. Проанализированы основные экспериментальные модели аутоиммунных заболеваний сосудистого тракта глаза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For many years in ophthalmology there is a complex intractable problem associated with inflammation of the vascular membrane of the eye, the so-called uveitis. Experts around the world are trying to understand this heterogeneous pathology of the visual organ, in a short time, which can lead to a sharp decrease in visual acuity, the development of severe complications and further disability. The number of patients with inflammation of the vascular tract is growing rapidly every year, the age is younger. The clinical picture of this pathology has changed slightly. Often began to manifest itself in two radically different directions. It proceeds as a sluggish form or vice versa manifests itself more aggressively with the rapid development of clinical manifestations in a short time. Currently, there is evidence of endogenous causes of uveitis.The article provides a review of the literature summarizing modern views on the problem of autoimmune uveitis. New factors affecting the etiology, pathogenesis of the disease, some aspects of therapy are considered. In addition, the main experimental models of autoimmune diseases of the vascular tract of the eye are analyzed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутоиммунный увеит</kwd><kwd>иммунная система</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунный процесс</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулятор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoimmune uveitis</kwd><kwd>immune system</kwd><kwd>autoimmune process</kwd><kwd>experimental model</kwd><kwd>immunomodulator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марачева Н.М. 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