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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2019-1-12-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-850</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Некоторые аспекты сосудистой теории развития и прогрессирования первичной открытоугольной глаукомы. Обзор литературы. Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Some Aspects of Vascular Theory of Development and Progression of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (Literature Review). Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макогон</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makogon</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая курсом офтальмологиипр. Ленина, 40, Барнаул, 656038, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, associate Professor, head of ophthalmology courseLenin Ave., 40, Barnaul, 656038, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvk_msi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макогон</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makogon</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зам. главного врача по амбулаторно-поликлинической работе,заслуженный врач России, кандидат медицинских наук, доцентул. Советская, 8, Барнаул, 656002, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Deputy chief physician for outpatient work, Honored doctor of Russia, associate ProfessorSovetskaya str., 8, Barnaul, 656002, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai state medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации курс офтальмологии&#13;
КГБУЗ «Алтайская краевая офтальмологическая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai state medical University&#13;
Altai regional ophthalmological hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макогон С.И., Макогон А.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макогон С.И., Макогон А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makogon S.I., Makogon A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/850">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/850</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлен обзор исследований, посвященных различным аспектам сосудистой теории развития и прогрессирования первичной открытоугольной глаукомы (ПОУГ). Приведены данные исследований зарубежных и отечественных ученых о влиянии нарушения гемодинамики в патогенезе глаукомы, включая различные уровни: центральный, регионарный и микроциркуляторный. Описаны нарушения универсального механизма регулирования сосудистого тонуса, а именно дисфункция эндотелия. Сосудистый эндотелий является барьером между сосудистой стенкой и плазмой крови. При повреждении эндотелия его антитромботические свойства трансформируются в мощный протромботический потенциал. Это приводит к дисбалансу между вазоконстрикторами (эндотелины) и вазодилататорами (оксид азота). Кроме того, происходит высвобождение биологически активных веществ с местным нейротоксическим действием. Авторы отметили повышение концентрации эндотелина-1, изучали его взаимодействие с оксидом азота и рассматривали его роль в возникновении ишемии и влиянии на гибель ганглиозных клеток сетчатки. Ученые обратили внимание на повышение уровня фактора Виллебранда и повышение агрегации тромбоцитов у пациентов с прогрессирующей глаукомой. Как возможную причину нарушения гемодинамики и прогрессирования глаукомы авторы рассматривают изменения реологических свойств крови. Кроме этого, состояние трех тесно взаимодействующих между собой компонентов: стенки кровеносных сосудов (в первую очередь эндотелия и субэндотелиальных структур); клеточных элементов крови (в первую очередь, тромбоциты) и плазменных протеолитических систем обеспечивает нормальное функционирование системы гемостаза. Изменения, имеющиеся в состоянии этих компонентов, могут отразиться на состоянии системы гемостаза. Дальнейшее изучение различных направлений сосудистой теории поможет в выяснении этиопатогенеза глаукомы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a review of studies on various aspects of vascular theory of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) development and progression. The data of foreign and domestic scientists on the influence of hemodynamic disturbances in the glaucoma pathogenesis, including various levels: Central, regional and microcirculatory. Violations of the universal mechanism of vascular tone regulation, namely endothelial dysfunction are described. Vascular endothelium is a barrier between vascular wall and blood plasma. When the endothelium is damaged, its antithrombotic properties are transformed into a powerful prothrombotic potential. This leads to an imbalance between vasoconstrictors (endothelin) and vasodilators (nitric oxide). In addition, the release of biologically active substances with local neurotoxic effects. The authors noted an increase in the concentration of endothelin-1, studied its interaction with nitrogen oxide and considered its role in the occurrence of ischemia and the impact on the death of retinal ganglion cells. Scientists have noticed an increase in the level of Willebrand factor and increased platelet aggregation in patients with progressive glaucoma. As a possible cause of hemodynamic disturbances and glaucoma progression, the authors consider changes in blood rheological properties. In addition, the state of the three closely interacting components: the wall of blood vessels (primarily endothelium and subendothelial structures); cellular elements of blood (primarily platelets) and plasma proteolytic systems ensure the normal functioning of the hemostatic system. Changes in of these components state may affect the hemostatic system. Therefore, further study of various directions of vascular theory will help in understanding the etiopathogenesis of glaucoma.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>гемодинамика</kwd><kwd>гемостаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd><kwd>hemodynamics</kwd><kwd>hemostasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Либман Е.С. Современные позиции клинико-социальной офтальмологии. Вестник офтальмологии. 2004;1:10–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Libman E.S. Modern positions of clinical and social ophthalmology. Annales of ophthalmology = Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2004;1:10–12 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нестеров А.П. Глаукома. 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