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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2019-1-124-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хороидеремия с мутацией в гене CHM. Клинические случаи с обзором литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Choroideremia with Mutation in CHM Gene. Clinical Cases with Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зольникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolnikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела клиническойфизиологии зрения им. С.В. Кравковаул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, senior research associate of the clinical electrophysiology of vision department named after S.V. KravkovSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">innzolnikova@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милаш</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milash</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономикиул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research associate of the department of pathology of refraction, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomicsSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадышев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadyshev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории генетической эпидемиологииул. Москворечье, 1, Москва, 115522, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ophthalmologist, research associate of laboratory genetic epidemiologyMoskvorechie str., 1, Moscow, Russia, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyak</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студенткаул. Островитянова, 1, Москва, 117997, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>studentOstrovitianov str., 1, Moscow, Russia, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левина</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levina</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординаторул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>clinical ordinatorSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессорзаместитель директора по научно-клинической работе, заведующая лабораторией генетической эпидемиологиипрофессор курса клинической фармакологии кафедры организационно-правого обеспечения медицинской и фармацевтической деятельностиул. Москворечье, 1, Москва, 115522, Российская Федерацияул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professorDeputy director for scientific and clinical work, the head of the laboratory of genetic epidemiologyProfessor of Chair of molecular and cellular geneticsMoskvorechie str., 1, Moscow, Russia, 115522Shepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, Russia, 129110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением электрофизиологической и психофизической диагностики зрительной системыул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>РhD, the head of the department of electrophysiological and psychophysical diagnostics of visual systemSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремеева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremeeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог взрослого поликлинического отделенияул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>phD, ophthalmologist of the adult policlinic departmentSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogova</surname><given-names>S. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старшая медицинская сестра отдела клинической физиологии зрения м. С.В. Кравковаул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19, Москва, 105062, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior nurse of the clinical electrophysiology of vision department named after S.V. KravkovSadovaya-Chernogriazskaya str., 14/19, Moscow, 105062, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «МНИИ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz Moscow research institute of eye diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»&#13;
ГБУЗ МО «МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics&#13;
Moscow Regional research and clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зольникова И.В., Милаш С.В., Кадышев В.В., Черняк А.В., Левина Д.В., Зинченко Р.А., Егорова И.В., Еремеева Е.А., Рогова С.Ю., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зольникова И.В., Милаш С.В., Кадышев В.В., Черняк А.В., Левина Д.В., Зинченко Р.А., Егорова И.В., Еремеева Е.А., Рогова С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zolnikova I.V., Milash S.V., Kadyshev V.V., Chernyak A.B., Levina D.V., Zinchenko R.A., Egorova I.V., Eremeeva E.A., Rogova S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/869">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/869</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: описать клинические случаи хороидеремии с мутацией в гене CHM в одной семье и представить обзор литературы по современному состоянию вопроса. Методы. В статье описаны два клинических случая хороидеремии с мутацией в гене CHM: пациента 33 лет и сибса его матери 39 лет с жалобами на нарушение зрения в темноте. Помимо стандартного офтальмологического обследования и фоторегистрации глазного дна пациентам проводили кинетическую периметрию, спектральную ОКТ и электрофизиологические исследования. Для верификации диагноза и выявления патогенной нуклеотидной последовательности заинтересованного гена проведено молекулярно-генетическое исследование с предварительным сбором семейного анамнеза. Результаты. У пробанда Н. 33 лет — далеко зашедшая стадия, острота зрения с коррекцией — OU 0,9 н/к, выявлено сужение полей зрения до 10 градусов на обоих глазах. Высокая острота зрения и субнормальная МЭРГ коррелировали с относительно сохранной структурой сетчатки на ОКТ в фовеа. При обследовании второго пробанда К. (39 лет), являющегося сибсом матери пациента Н., выявлена терминальная стадия хороидеремии: максимальная ганцфельд ЭРГ и высокочастотная ритмическая ЭРГ на 30 Гц были нерегистрируемыми; острота зрения с коррекцией — OD = 0,1 н/к, Vis OS = 0,1 н/к, поля зрения сужены до 5 градусов на обоих глазах. Низкая острота зрения и нерегистрируемая МЭРГ коррелировала с данными ОКТ, при которых наблюдались дефекты наружной сетчатки в фовеа и кистозный макулярный отек. У обоих пациентов выявлен описанный ранее патогенный вариант нуклеотидной последовательности в 6-м экзоне гена CHM (chrX:85213886 G&gt;A), приводящий к образованию нонсенс-мутации (p.Arg267*, NM_000390.2) в гемизиготном состоянии. Заключение. Этиопатогенетический подход в диагностике хороидеремии позволяет проводить корректную профилактику и разрабатывать новые методы лечения, направленные на этиологический фактор.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose: to describe clinical cases of choroideremia with mutation in CHM gene with molecular genetic verification of the diagnosis. Methods. Two relatives: a patient aged 33 and his mother’s sibs aged 39 with a rare hereditary retinal disease — choroideremia were examined. Patients’ full ophthalmic examination including autorefractometry, visual acuity testing with full correction, tonometry, biomicroscopy, fundus examination and photo as well as kinetic perimetry were performed. Electrophysiological examination included maximal electroretinogram (ERG), ERG to 30 Hz flicker and macular ERG (MERG) that were registered with electroretinograph MBN (Russia). Family anamnesis was studied. Genetic examination was performed for the verification of the diagnosis and pathologic gene molecular. Results. In 33-year-old patient advanced stage was diagnosed: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was OU 0,9, visual field was constricted to 10 degrees in both eyes. High BCVA and subnormal MERG correlated with comparatively preserved foveal structure on OCT. There was the terminal stage of choroideremia: In 39 years old his mother’s sibs BCVA was 0,1 OU, constricted to 5 degrees in both eyes. Maximal ERG and ERG to 30 Hz flicker were nonrecordable. Low BCVA and nonrecordable MERG correlated with defected retinal layers and cystoids macular edema on OCT. In both patients we revealed previously described pathogenic variant of nucleotic sequence in 6 exon of CHM gene (chrX:85213886 G&gt;A), causing nonsense-mutation (p.Arg267*, NM_000390.2) in hemizygous state. Conclusion. Etiopathogenetic approach in choroideremia diagnostics allows providing correct diagnosis, prevention and developing of new treatment methods considering etiological factor.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хороидеремия</kwd><kwd>CHM</kwd><kwd>электроретинография</kwd><kwd>ОКТ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>choroideremia</kwd><kwd>CHM</kwd><kwd>electroretinography</kwd><kwd>OCT</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щербатова О.И., Зуева М.В. Наследственные заболевания хориоидеи. В кн.: Шамшинова А.М., ред. Наследственные и врожденные заболевания сетчатки и зрительного нерва. М.: Медицина; 2001. С. 447–455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcherbatova O.I., Zueva M.V. Hereditary diseases of the choroid. In: Shamshinovа A.M., ed. Hereditary and congenital retinal diseases. Moscow: Meditsina; 2001. 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