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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Офтальмология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ophthalmology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-5095</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0845</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ophthalmology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18008/1816-5095-2019-2-236-243</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ophthalmology-962</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления об этиологии синдрома сухого глаза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Concepts about the Etiology of Dry Eye Syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубилин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubilin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой офтальмологии,</p><p>Волоколамское ш., 91, Москва, 125371</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>МD, рrofessor, Head of the of Ophthalmology Department,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8551-0661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полунина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polunina</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии,</p><p>Волоколамское ш., 91, Москва, 125371</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professor,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lpolunina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анджелова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Angelova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Россолимо, 11а, б, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Senior Research Officer,</p><p>Rossolimo str., 11A, B, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куренков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurenkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор,</p><p>Рублевское шоссе, 48/1, Москва, 121609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, professor,</p><p>Rublevskoe highway, 48, Moscow, 121609</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капкова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapkova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры офтальмологии,</p><p>Волоколамское ш., 91, Москва, 125371</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, docent of Ophthalmology department,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиненова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinenova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-офтальмолог,</p><p>Рублевское шоссе, 48/1, Москва, 121609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ophthalmologist,</p><p>Rublevskoe highway, 48, Moscow, 121609</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель Центра,</p><p>ул. 3-я Тверская-Ямская, 56/6, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professor, Head of Konovalov eye center,</p><p>Tverskaya-Yamskaya str., 56/6, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пожарицкий</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozharitsky</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий анестезиологическим отделением,</p><p>Волоколамское ш., 91, Москва, 125371</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professor, Head of anesteziology department,</p><p>Volokolamskoye highway, 91, Moscow, 125371</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of postgraduate education under FSBU FSCC of FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологическая клиника доктора Куренкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ophthalmology Clinic of Dr. Kurenkov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологический центр Коновалова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Konovalov eye center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>236</fpage><lpage>243</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трубилин В.Н., Полунина Е.Г., Анджелова Д.В., Куренков В.В., Капкова С.Г., Чиненова К.В., Коновалов М.Е., Пожарицкий М.Д., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трубилин В.Н., Полунина Е.Г., Анджелова Д.В., Куренков В.В., Капкова С.Г., Чиненова К.В., Коновалов М.Е., Пожарицкий М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trubilin V.N., Polunina E.G., Angelova D.V., Kurenkov V.V., Kapkova S.G., Chinenova K.V., Konovalov M.E., Pozharitsky M.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/962">https://www.ophthalmojournal.com/opht/article/view/962</self-uri><abstract><p>В течение последних 20–30 лет, по существу, произошла революция в понимании этиологии и клинических проявлений нарушения процесса слезообразования и развития синдрома сухого глаза (ССГ). Установлено, что потеря гомеостаза слезной пленки может возникнуть не только из-за системных и аутоиммунных изменений, но и вследствие нарушения моргания и распределения слезной пленки по глазной поверхности. Следовательно, выявлены новые патогенетические механизмы развития данного заболевания. Распространенность заболеваний глазной поверхности и ССГ в последние годы в значительной степени увеличилась, что во многом обусловлено не только научными открытиями в области понимания, например, этиологической и патофизиологической роли нейросенсорного механизма развития ССГ. Важным аспектом является появление новых факторов риска, которые потенцируют развитие заболеваний глазной поверхности и ССГ. К таким факторам можно отнести прием различных препаратов — антидепрессантов, антигистаминных препаратов, гормональных препаратов и других; инстилляции глазных капель — антиглаукомных средств и проч., а также появление малоизученных факторов, таких как косметологические процедуры (татуаж век, наращивание ресниц, инъекции ботулотоксина с эстетической целью и др.), которые проводят в непосредственной близости от глаза и век, вызывая множественные патологические реакции. Опыт наблюдения за пациентами, данные литературы, а также проведенное исследование показало, что различного рода косметологические воздействия в периорбитальной зоне, популярность которых в последние годы возрастает, могут обусловить появление ятрогенного синдрома сухого глаза. Приведенные ниже клинические наиболее яркие примеры, встретившиеся в нашей практике, помогут проиллюстрировать представленные данные. При сборе анамнеза необходимо выявлять наличие факторов риска развития заболеваний глазной поверхности и ССГ, по возможности, устранять их и проводить адекватную патогенетически обоснованную терапию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The revolution in understanding the etiology and clinical manifestations of the disruption of the tearing process and the development of dry eye syndrome (CVS) has occurred in last 20–30 years. It has been established that the loss of the tear film homeostasis can occur not only because of a violation of systemic and autoimmune disorders, but also as a result of a blinking disorder and distribution of the tear film over the ocular surface. Therefore, new pathogenetic disease development mechanisms have been identified. The prevalence of diseases of the ocular surface and CVD in recent years has increased significantly. It is mostly caused not only by scientific discoveries in the field of understanding, for example, the etiological and pathophysiological role of the neurosensory mechanism of development of CVS. An important aspect is the emergence of new risk factors that potentiate the development of ocular surface diseases and CVL. These factors include the use of various drugs — antidepressants, antihistamines, hormone therapy, and others; instillation of eye drops — antiglaucoma drugs, etc., as well as the appearance of little-studied factors such as cosmetology procedures (eyelids tattooing, eyelash extensions, botulinum toxin injections for aesthetic purposes, etc.). They are carried out in proximate close to the eye and eyelids, causing multiple pathological reaction. The experience of observing patients, literature data, and the conducted study have showed that various cosmetological effects in the periorbital zone, whose popularity has increased in recent years, may cause the appearance of iatrogenic dry eye syndrome. The following most vivid clinical examples will help, encountered in our practice, to illustrate the data presented. Collecting the anamnesis, it is necessary to identify the presence of risk factors for the development of diseases of the ocular surface and CVD, to eliminate them, if possible, and to carry out adequate pathogenically based therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>офтальмология</kwd><kwd>синдром сухого глаза</kwd><kwd>косметология</kwd><kwd>ботулотоксин</kwd><kwd>дермальные филлеры</kwd><kwd>татуаж век</kwd><kwd>наращивание ресниц</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ophthalmology</kwd><kwd>dry eye syndrome</kwd><kwd>cosmetology</kwd><kwd>botulinum toxin</kwd><kwd>dermal fillers</kwd><kwd>eye makeup</kwd><kwd>eyelash extensions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harboe E., Tjensvoll A.B., Vefring H.K., Gøransson L.G., Kvaløy J.T., Omdal R. Fatigue in primary Sjögren’s syndrome — a link to sickness behaviour in animals? 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