Влияние гемодиализа на течение диабетической ретинопатии

Сахарный диабет — серьезная проблема здравоохранения как в развитых, так и в развивающихся странах. Ожидается, что к 2040 г. заболеваемость сахарным диабетом в мире возрастет до 642 млн человек. С увеличением заболеваемости сахарным диабетом увеличивается частота диабетических сосудистых осложнений, которые ухудшают качество жизни больных и втрое увеличивают риск смерти. Диабетическая ретинопатия — одно из самых частых микрососудистых осложнений сахарного диабета, ведущего к прогрессирующей утрате зрительных функций. Диабетическая ретинопатия протекает совместно с диабетической нефропатией. Данный факт связан с анатомической схожестью гематоретинального барьера и барьера клубочковой фильтрации, а также с общими патогенетическими механизмами влияния гипергликемии на периферическую микроциркуляцию. В среднем через 10–15 лет у пациентов с декомпенсированным течением сахарного диабета развивается терминальная почечная недостаточность, требующая проведения заместительной почечной терапии, такой как перитонеальный диализ, программный гемодиализ и трансплантация почки. В данной статье освещены последние данные о влиянии программного гемодиализа на морфофункциональное состояние сетчатки у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. 

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