Особенности факоэмульсификации при макулярной патологии. Часть 1. Диагностические аспекты

Катаракта является наиболее распространенной причиной слепоты во всем мире. Стандарт лечения при катаракте — факоэмульсификация с имплантацией интраокулярной линзы (ИОЛ). Удаление катаракты может значительно улучшить зрение и качество жизни, связанное со зрением. Проведен обзор работ по персонифицированному подходу к факоэмульсификации у пациентов с макулярной патологией. Показана важность обследования макулы перед факоэмульсификацией катаракты. Проведен обзор изменений разных отделов глаза после факоэмульсификации у пациентов с различной патологией: с прогрессированием миотической тракции, с комбинированной катарактой и глаукомой, у пациентов с диабетом, с эпиретинальной мембраной, рассмотрены особенности имплантации мультифокальных линз и ИОЛ с защитой УФ. Оценивается не только состояние после операции, но и изменения между предоперационным и послеоперационным состояниями. Кроме того, в обзоре демонстрируются динамические процессы заживления и изменения параметров макулы (через разное время — от нескольких дней до нескольких лет), чтобы получить рациональный результат анализа.

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