The effect of terahertz electromagnetic radiation on cardiovascular system and orbital vessels in age-related macular degeneration

Aim.To study the effect of terahertz (THz) radiation at atmospheric oxygen frequency (129 GHz) on cardiovascular and hemodynamic parameters of orbital arteries following the irradiation of bioactive points in healthy volunteers and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.

Materials and methods. 18 healthy volunteers (36 eyes) and 20 AMD patients (34 eyes) were examined. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood flow velocities, resistance index (RI) in orbital arteries before and following THz radiation of two bioactive points VB1 and TR23 at atmospheric oxygen frequency 129 GHz in continuous
wave generation mode were measured.

Results. First data on the effect of THz waves at atmospheric oxygen irradiation and absorption molecular spectrum frequency (129 GHz) in continuous wave generation mode on ocular hemodynamics in healthy persons and AMD patients are presented. Following THz irradiation at atmospheric oxygen frequency (129 GHz), common hemodynamic
parameters (BP, HR) decreased. In healthy volunteers, systolic and diastolic BP reduced by 22.83±4.09 and 8.82±0.98 mm Hg, respectively (р<0.05), HR reduced by 6.11±0.15 bpm (р<0.05). In AMD patients, systolic and diastolic BP significantly decreased by 45.55±0.43 and 9.56±1.42 mm Hg, respectively (р<0.05), HR decreased by 6.15±1.1 bpm (р<0.05). In AMD patients, systolic blood flow velocity significantly reduced by 2.89±0.1 cm / sec in central retinal artery and increased by
0.9‑5.97 cm / sec in short posterior ciliary arteries and ophthalmic artery. RI in these vessels decreased by 0.13, 0.11, 0.13 and 0.12, respectively.

Conclusion. THz waves at atmospheric oxygen irradiation and absorption molecular spectrum frequency (129 GHz) are safe and cause no side effects on general health of healthy volunteers and AMD patients. Besides, this method improves ocular hemodynamics.

1. Kantarzhi E. P., Listopadova I. A., Rabadanova M. G. [The Complex estimation of efficiency and safety of application of preparation of lutein-vitamin complex in treatment of patients with pathology of retina and visual nerve]. Clinical ophthalmology [Clinical ophthalmology]. 2010; 11 (2): 40‑44. (in Russ).

2. Astakhov U. S., Lisichkina A. B., Shadrichev F. E. [Age-dependent makulyarnaya degeneration]. Vozrastnaya makulyarnaya degeneratsiya. Klinicheskie rekomendaii. ed. L. K. Moshetovoy, A. P. Nesterova, E. A. Egorova. [Clinical recommendations. Ophthalmology / L. K. Moshetovoy, A. P. Nesterov, E. A. Egorov eds.]. M.: GEO-TARMedia, 2006:164‑188 (in Russ).

3. Libman E. S., Tolmachev R. A., Shakhova E. V. [Epidemiology description of disability of basic forms of makulopatiy]. Materialy II-go all-russian seminar «Makula», «round table» / Under red. Yu. A. Ivanishko. [Materials of the IInd Russian seminary «Makule», «round table» / Yu. A. Ivanishko eds.]. Rostov-na-Donu, 2006: 15‑22 (in Russ).

4. Kancel’son L. A., Forofonova T. I., Bunin A. Ya. [Vascular diseases of eye.] Eye vessels diseases. — M.: Medicina, 1990. 272 p. (in Russ).

5. Budzinskaya M. V., Vorob’eva M. V., Kiseleva T. N., Lagutina Yu.m., Polunin G. S. [Modern going near treatment and prophylaxis of age-dependent macular degeneration]. Patogeneticheskie podkhody k lecheniyu vozrastnykh TsKhRD.Clinical ophthalmology. [Clinical ophthalmology] 2007; 8:2: 78‑82 (in Russ).

6. Smolyakova G. P., Lysenko V. S. [Nosotropic going near treatment of age-dependent CHRD Methodical recommendations], Patogeneticheskie podkhody k lecheniyu vozrastnykh TsKhRD. Methodical recommendations. Khabarovsk, 1988. 35 p. (in Russ).

7. Korzweig A. L. The eye in old age. Amer. J. Ophthalmol. 1965; 60: 5: 835‑843.

8. Syeinbuch P. D. Under die Beteigung der Wetzhautkapillararen bei der senile macula degeneration // Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 1970; Bd. 156: 5: 710‑715.

9. Yedgar S., Kaul D. K., Bashtein G. RBC adhesion to vascular endothelian cells: more potent than RBC aggregation in including circulation disorders. Microcirculation 2008; 15: 7: 581‑583.

10. O. V. Beckiy, A. P. Krenickiy, A. V. Mayborodin [Biophysical effects of waves of THz diapozonе and prospects of development of new directions in biomedical technology: «THz therapy» and «THz diagnostics»]. Biomedical technologies and radio electronics. [Biomedical technologies and radio electronics.] 2003;12: 3‑6 (in Russ).

11. Kirichuk V. F., Golovacheva T. V., Chizh A. G. [KVCh-therapy]. KVCh-therapy Saratov: SARGMU, 1999. 338 p. (in Russ).

12. T. Otsuji, T. Watanabe, A. Moutaouakil [et. al.]. Emission of teraherz radiation from two-dimensional electron systems in semiconductor nano- and heterostructures. Journal of infrared, millimeter and teraherz waves 2011; 5: 629‑645.

13. Hosako I., Fukunaga K. Teraherz technology research at NICT from the source to industrial applications. Journal of infrared, millimeter and teraherz waves 2011; 5: 722‑731.

14. T. I. Usichenko, H. Edinger, V. V. Gizhko [et. al.]. Low-Intensity Electromagnеtic Millimter Waves for Pain Therapy. Evid Based Complement Altermat Med. 2006; 3 (2): 201‑207.

15. Marino C., Galloni P. Microwaves: Exposure and Potential Health Consequences. Encyclopedia of Environmental Health 2011; 1: 765‑773.

16. Cymbal A. A. [Method of renewal of fibrinolytic activity of blood by THz radiation on frequency 129,0 GHz]. Metod vosstanovleniya fibrinoliticheskoi aktivnosti krovi teragertsevym izlucheniem na chastote 129,0 GGts. [Scientific creation of XXI century: Materials of the II Russian international academic conference] Krasnoyarsk, 2010. 122 (in Russ).

17. Beckiy O. V., Koz’min A. S., Yaremenko U. G. [Possible applications of THz waves] Biomedical radio electronics. [Biomedical radioelectronics] 2008; 3: 48‑54 (in Russ).

18. Kirichuk V. F., Ivanov A. N., Cymbal A. A. and other. [THz therapy use in clinical practice]. Primenenija teragercevoj terapii v klinicheskoj praktike. (edited V. F. Kirichuka, A. P. Krenickogo). V. F. Kirichuk, A. P. Krenitskiy eds.]. Saratov, 2011: 135p. (in Russ).

19. Kirichuk V. F., Cymbal A. A., Krenickiy A. P. [Application of THz radiation on frequency of atmospheric oxygen 129,0 GHz for correction of coagulation hemostasis and fibrinolysis disordersfrustrations]. Biomedical radio electronics. [Biomedical

20. radioelectronics]. 2009; 9: 11‑16 (in Russ).

21. Kirichuk V. F., Antipova O. N., Ivanov A. N. and other. [Influence of different Thz waves irradiation regimes on normalizationof blood rheological properties at stress-reactions in white rats]. Millimetric waves are in biology and medicine: Materials of the 14th Russian symposium with mezhd. by participation. [Millimetric waves in biology and medicine: Materials of the 14th Russian academic conference]. M., 2007: 148‑151 (in Russ).

22. Kirichuk V. F., Sukhova S. V., Antipova O. N. and other. [Influence of EMITGCH on frequency of molecular spectrum of radiation and deoxygenation on the functional activity of thrombocytes of white rats in a state of immobilized stress]. Biomedical radio electronics. [Biomedicalradio electronics.] 2008; 12: 41‑48 (in Russ).

23. Cymbal A. A. [Conformities of biological actions of electromagnetic waves of THz range on frequencies of active cellular metabolits on post-stress homoeostasis changes]. Zakonomernosti biologicheskogo dejstvija jelektromagnitnyh voln teragercevogo diapazona na chastotah aktivnyh kletochnyh metabolitov na poststressovye izmenenija pokazatelej gomeostaza. Avtoref. dis… doc. med. Sc. [A. A. Cymbal. Saratov, 2012: 50 p. (in Russ).

24. Balchugov V. A. Polyakova A. G. Anisimov S. I. Yefimov E. I. Kornaukhov A. V. [KVCh-therapy by low-intensive noise radiation]. KVCh-terapija nizkointensivnym shumovym izlucheniem. / N — Novgorod.: Publishing house of the Nizhny Novgorod state university, 2002:189 p. (in Russ).